擬等價類 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [nǐděngjiàlèi]
擬等價類 英文
quasi-equivalence classes
  • 擬 : 動詞1. （設計; 起草） draw up; draft 2. （打算; 想要） intend; plan 3. （模仿） imitate
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
  • 類 : Ⅰ名1 （許多相似或相同的事物的綜合; 種類） class; category; kind; type 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞...
  • 等價 : of equal value; equal in value; equivalence
  1. It was through precise mathematical deduction, data imitation, and analysis to experimental data that this topic is studied. this dissertation is theoretically instructive and practically useful, to a certain extent, to the traveling bubble cavitation noise around a schiebe body

    全文通過嚴密的數學推導，模擬和實驗數據分析等方法實現對這一課題的研究，對于回轉體流動泡類型的空化噪聲具有一定的理論指導意義和現實應用價值。
  2. Using methods mixed with quantity analysis and quality analysis, such as professional estimation, analytical hierarchy process ( ahp ) and gray correlatively comprehensive appraisal. analyzed factors of the lu - mei group real property for example : politics, economy, financial affairs, infrastructure, technology, legal system, culture, and competition condition. provided the appraisal model and judgments result, which is the basis on the decision of the investor

    本文總結了近年來我國房地產開發投資環境分析的一些方法，運用專家評分法和層次分析法、灰色關聯分析法等定性和定量分析相結合的方法，對魯煤房地產開發公司擬開發的三個房地產地塊的政治、經濟、財務、市場、基礎設施、技術、法制、文化、競爭等條件進行了分析，給出了評價模型和論證結果，為解決類似的問題提供了評判模式，為投資者決策提供了科學的依據。
  3. The content of each part follow as : in the first chapter, as start point and base of the paper, this part focuses on the basic study of definition characteristic of no, and the existing base of no - e - commerce environment ; in the second one, this part studies the theory base of no comprehensively applying the theories of core competence competent strategy and transaction cost ; chapter three studies the no from the coordination of no, and gives the structure clarification and characteristic of no firstly, at the same time, put forward the concept of virtual enterprise cluster ; based on such conclusion, studies the model of no from life cyc organization level process and value chain, and operational mode ; in chapter four, a theoretical explanation was addressed on the above structure by modeling no with game theory and graphic theory ; in the fifth chapter, on the bases of analysis of no operational risks, coordination mechanism of no was studied by individually modeling the no without core and no with core, and then put forward the solution for coordination mechanism of no ; as an important component of coordination mechanism of no, chapter six explored some basic concept of trust and importantly put forward the way of how to build trust in no, especially investigated the supporting function of valid reputation mechanism of no for the trust building, importantly an operational method on building reputation mechanism and evaluation method in no were given ; the last chapter applied the conclusion of the paper to investigate the famous trade web - sunbu. com analyzed its shortcoming and gave the advices of developing

    全文共分為七章，主要內容如下：第一章作為全文的理論出發點和基礎，圍繞網路組織的定義、特徵以及網路組織生存基礎- -電子商務環境等方面對網路組織的基本概念進行了闡述；第二章綜合運用核心能力、競爭戰略和交易費用理論對網路組織產生的理論基礎進行闡述；第三章首先從組織協調的角度對網路組織進行了研究，給出了網路組織的結構，分類和特徵，同時並給出了虛擬企業群簇；然後在此基礎上分別研究了網路組織的生命周期模型、層次模型、過程模型、價值鏈模型，以及運行模式；第四章綜合運用博弈論、圖論的相關知識，通過構建網路組織的模型，對上一章所研究的網路組織結構的形成機理給出了一種理論解釋；第五章在分析網路組織運行風險的基礎上，分別建立無盟主網路組織的博弈論模型和有盟主網路組織的博弈論模型，詳細研究了網路組織的協調機制，然後給出了網路組織協調機制的解決方案；第六章作為網路組織協調機制的重要組成部分，本章在討論了網路組織中建立信任機制的必要性的基礎上，研究了網路組織信任關系的類型，提出了在網路組織中如何建立信任機制。
  4. The minshan mountains black bears " population viability analysis ( pva ) has been carried out. the vertex software is used to simulate on population dynamics with the kind without inbreeding and inbreeding cause death same price coefficient is 3. 14, food poor harvest and human - caught as disaster change factors based on the already various parameters collected

    在已收集的各項參數和環境資料的基礎上，以岷山山系內各縣所轄區域作為研究區域，運用vertex軟體，對沒有近親繁殖和近親繁殖致死等價系數為3 . 14 、食物欠收和人類誘捕為災變因子等影響下的種群動態進行了模擬。
  5. According to the demand of 《 code for seismic design of building 》 ( gb50011 - 2001 ), furthermore, based on the experimental study of two 1 / 15 reduced - scale shear wall models under low frequency cyclic and reversed lateral loads, the interacting behavior of the r. c frame column and the shear wall is studied, the failure mechanism and energy dissipation mechanism of moderate and tall shear wall with r. c frame column are compared, the seismic behavior is evaluated by the comparison of strength, stiffness, ductility, restoring force characteristics as well as energy consumption ability. it was showed by the experimental results that the earthquake resistant energy dissipation ability of the shear wall with frame column is satisfactory

    因此，為了探討這類剪力墻結構的抗震性能，本文以我國現行《建築抗震設計規范》 （ gb50011 - 2001 ）的要求為基礎，通過1 15的縮尺比，將一縱向框架一剪力墻原型結構中的剪力墻結構模擬為一個試驗模型並對其進行了偽靜力加載試驗，研究了墻板與邊框柱的共同工作性能，分析了帶邊框柱中高剪力墻的受力特點、破壞及耗能機理，並從承載力、剛度、變形、延性及恢復力特性等方面綜合評價了其抗震性能，得出了一些有益的設計理念和方法。
  6. Using the theories of probability, algebra and number theory comprehensively, we investigate a class of boolean functions with three - valued walsh spectrum in the first part of this dissertation : the properties of the extended semi - bent functions, which are constructed from any two bent functions, are studied, followed by the structure characteristics of the boolean functions satisfying propagation criterion with respect to all but two vectors ; the definition and cryptographic properties of k - order quasi - bent functions are proposed whose walsh spectrum takes on only three values. some sufficient and necessary conditions are offered to decide whether a boolean function is a k - order quasi - bent function ; a special method is presented to construct the k - order quasi - bent functions, whose cryptographic properties are explored by the matrix method, which is different from the method of walsh spectrum and that of autocorrelation of boolean functions ; the application of this kind of boolean functions in the fields of stream cipher, communications and block ciphers is discussed, which shows the great importance of the fc - order quasi - bent functions ; some methodology are proposed to construct the k - order quasi - bent functions, including the complete construction by using the characteristic matrices of boolean functions, and the recursive method by two known k - order quasi - bent functions we further extend our investigation to the ring zp, where p is a prime, and the similar results are presented as far as the p - valued quasi - generalized - bent functions are considered

    本文首先綜合運用概率論、代數學、數論等基礎學科的理論知識，並以頻譜理論作為主要研究工具，對一類譜值分佈相對均勻的函數? ?廣半bent函數、 k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數進行了系統、深入的研究，給出了廣半bent函數定義，並探討了廣半bent函數的密碼學性質；給出了k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數的定義及等價判別條件；討論了k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數與部分bent函數和p值廣義部分bent函數的關系，探討了它們的密碼學性質；給出了k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數的典型構造方法，並將對k階擬bent函數的密碼性質的研究轉化到對一類特殊的矩陣的研究上；利用布爾函數的特徵矩陣原則上給出了k階擬bent函數的一種完全構造方法，還給出了從已有的p值k階擬廣義bent函數出發，遞歸構造變元個數更多的p值k階擬廣義bent函數的方法；初步探討了k階擬bent函數在序列密碼、分組密碼以及通信中的應用；給出了一類布爾函數walsh譜的分解式，並利用這類布爾函數的walsh譜分解式給出了一類近似穩定的布爾函數的構造，特殊情形下為k階擬bent函數；利用代數數論的知識考察了p值k階擬廣義bent函數的譜特徵，並給出了k階擬廣義bent函數與所有仿射函數的符合率特徵等等。
  7. With the swot analysis method, the article deeply analyzed the foundation of strategy capability of the company by associating with the analyses of outer environments and inner conditions to provide the ideas and evidences for the establishment of strategy planning program on the basis of analyses in both theory and practice, in accordance with the established strategy factors and selected general strategy methods, the article made out the strategy planning program and strategy target of the company and pointed out various subsystems of strategy planning programs such as the products strategy plan, market strategy plan, finance strategy plan, manpower resource plan, organization & administration development plan, technology development plan and technology transformation plan etc finally the article applied life cycle method and economic evaluation method to evaluate and analyze the strategy planning program stated in this article so as to guarantee that the research conclusions are scientific and practicable

    再次，對株航公司的戰略資源和能力進行了系統的分析和閘述，綜合了中、小發基地建設已有的基礎，結合行業現狀明確了株航公司的核心能力，並運用swot分析方法，綜合企業外部環境分析和內部條件分析，深入分析了株航公司的戰略能力基礎，為制定戰略規劃方案提供了思路和依據。在對理論和實際進行研究分析的基礎上，運用戰略聚類模型分析方法，按照戰略制定要素並結合總體戰略選擇方法，擬定了株航公司的戰略規劃方案和戰略目標，並提出了產品開發戰略規劃、市場戰略規劃、財務戰略規劃、人類資源規劃、組織與管理發展規劃、技術發展規劃、技術改造發展規劃、等各子系統的戰略規劃方案。最後，綜合運用生命周期法和經濟效果評價等研究方法對本戰略規劃進行了評估分析，保證了研究結論的科學性和實用性。
  8. Secondly, we give the mathematic fuzzy environment and satisfactory decision - making. then make a summary of the method how to resolve a satisfying optimization problem, finally, we research a kind of method based on fuzzy programming to solve a satisfied optimization problem with some constrains and this method has been verified by the simulation results

    在此基礎上對一類模糊不確定環境中存在生產約束時的滿意優化控制問題，在預測控制的框架下把具有模糊邊界約束的有限預測時域的優化問題轉化為等價的確定性規劃問題，並且進行了模擬，模擬結果表明了該演算法是有效的。
  9. It is built as an open platform for scientific research on groundwater circulation at different scale, resource and environment effects, water - salt flux variation at interface and effects on the global climate induced by human activities, assessments of regional groundwater and the detective technology, isotopes during the groundwater evolution, numerical simulation and predict technique

    發揮我所尖端科研資源優勢，建設開放式創新研究平臺，主要支持開展不同時空尺度地下水循環演化過程、資源與環境效應及其動力學，層圈間不同界面水鹽通量變化及其對全球氣候變化和人類活動影響的響應機制，區域含水層系統探測技術與評價理論，地下水演化的同位素與數值模擬、預測技術等研究。
  10. In allusion to the present situation of spatial structure of dunhuang circle and the fact of tourism development, the study is on spatial structure optimization and puts forward optimizing mode on the developing tenet of sustainability the thesis includes six chapters, among which the third chapter, fourth chapter and fifth chapter are the major body. in the foreword, it expounds the background, foundation, purpose, meaning and adoptive technical courses of the selecting thesis ' s topic. in the first chapter, it summarizes main theories of tourism spatial structure and the present researches of tourism circle from study of theory and demonstration

    引言部分主要闡述了論文選題的背景、依據、目的和意義以及擬採用的技術路線；第一章總結了旅遊空間結構當前的主要理論，綜合論述了當前旅遊空間結構的研究進展，對旅遊圈的研究現狀從理論研究和實證研究兩個方面進行了概述；第二章介紹了敦煌旅遊圈的總體概況，分析了構建敦煌旅遊圈的動力因素和制約因素；第三章採取層次分析法和模糊聚類法對敦煌旅遊圈內旅遊資源進行了分析評價；第四章採用客源平均中心點、客源吸引半徑、地理集中度指數等方法對敦煌旅遊圈客源市場進行了分析評價；第五章在前幾章分析評價的基礎上，分析了敦煌旅遊圈的空間結構，提出了敦煌旅遊圈的空間優化模式，並提出了敦煌旅遊圈的發展原則及具體措施。
  11. This part ' s main ideas are as follows : the inside information should be those have significant influence on the price of the security and are unknown to the public ; the civil liability should depend on the transaction ; the fault on purpose should be judged respectively by the different types of insider trading ; the damage should be identified on the assumption of regulations of law ; the causation should be determined by the doctrine of statutes " purpose ; the form of civil liability is only the compensation for damage whose amount is equal to the amount of the profit gained by the illegal transaction

    內幕交易民事責任的構成要件為利用內幕信息進行交易、行為人具有主觀過錯、存在損害事實、因果關系等幾項：內幕信息的判斷標準為對證券價格有重大影響和未公開，必須有交易行為的存在才能承擔民事責任；主觀上的過錯應當區分內幕交易行為類型分別判斷；損害范圍的確定應當採取法律擬制的方法進行；因果關系應當採取法規目的說理論確定。在內幕交易民事責任的形式上只能採用損害賠償形式，並且根據內幕交易行為的非法所得來確定賠償數額。
  12. We design a new algorithm - pmimd. the emphasis of the paper is to discuss the framework of the mpls network and the support for traffic engineering. i have learned several main topics about the traffic engineering based on mpls : how to map the data into lable ; how to map lable into fec. for the most important topicrhow to map traffic trunk into the actual topological network by lsp, i have designed a kind of adaptive traffic control mechanism called latc. the simulation expriments have proved the validity and the effect of latc

    本文還論述了mpls （多協議標簽交換）網路的架構及其對流量工程的支持，研究了基於mpls流量工程要解決的幾個主要問題：如何把數據包映射為轉發等價類，如何把轉發等價類映射為流量中繼等，並對其中最重要的一個：通過lsp （標簽交換路徑）把流量中繼映射到實際網路拓撲，提出了一種自適應流量控制機制? latc ；通過相應的模擬，驗證了該機制實施的合理性和有效性。
  13. A widely used method for checking real - time systems is, according to the real - time property to be checked, to use a proper bi - simulation equivalence relation to convert the infinite - timed state space to a finite equivalence class space. the algorithm needs only to explore the finite space to get a correct answer. in most cases, exhaustive exploration is very difficult because the equivalence class space increases explosively when the scale of the system increases. in this paper, an equivalence relation is introduced to check whether a concurrent system, which is composed of a finite set of real - time automata, satisfies a linear duration property. to avoid exhaustive exploration, this paper also introduces a compatibility relation between timed states ( configurations ). based on these two relations, an algorithm is proposed to check whether a real - time automaton network satisfies a linear duration property. the cases study shows that under some conditions this algorithm has better efficiency than the tools in the literature

    一個被廣泛用於驗證實時系統的方法是根據被驗證的實時性質，使用適當的雙向模擬等價關系使無限的狀態空間轉化為有限的狀態等價類空間.演算法只需要在這個有限的等價類空間里搜索就可以得到正確答案.但是，這個等價類空間的規模一般隨著系統規模的增大而產生爆炸性的增長，以至於在很多情況下，窮盡搜索這個空間是不現實的.該文引入了一個等價關系來驗證一個由多個實時自動機通過共享變量組成的並發系統是否滿足一個線性時段特性.同時，還引入了格局之間的兼容關系來避免對狀態等價類空間的窮盡搜索.基於這兩個關系，文章提出了一個演算法來驗證是否一個實時自動機網滿足一個線性時段特性.實例研究顯示，此演算法在某些情況下比其他一些工具有更好的時間和空間效率
  14. At the meantime, the rock mass may alternate between loading and unloading and it exists in certain kind of liquid, such as surface water, unconfined water, confined water etc for its intrinsic crannies. the practical rock mass concerned project must solve the key stability pr oblem after the understanding of the complicated mechanical characteristic and the deformation trends to guide the following project design and construction for the demand of security, economy, feasibility and validity. however, the intrinsic nonlinearness and complexity of the engineering rock mass become the main difficulty to predict the stability and deformation, the corresponding structure design must ensure enough safety with all the determinate or random force combination, so a model without the geometry distortion and constitutive equation warp is necessary to be built for the quantificational analysis of practical structure ' s stress, for the simulation of the real process and for the determinate evaluation system and optimization

    由於實際工程巖體其固有的非線性和復雜性，使得求解對應的諸如其穩定性、變形等問題面臨較大的困難，而有關的工程結構的設計必須保證該結構在外來因素的作用下具有足夠的安全度、經濟性和合理性，這必然要求對巖體及其工程結構的受力與變形有一套量化評判體系和優化技術，抓住實際工程問題的本質特徵並建立可行的符合幾何模擬、本構模擬、受力模擬、過程模擬四原則的求解模型，通過該模型的數值模擬成果來指導巖體工程的設計、施工及運營、管理；而巖體結構面的存在使得基於傳統連續介質力學理論的理論分析和數值模擬面臨巨大的挑戰，物理模擬的試驗周期和成本也大大增加，而巖土體工程問題則成為典型的數據有限、了解程度有限類問題，這類問題的解決需要綜合應用理論分析、經驗判斷、物理模擬和數值模擬等方法，數值模擬可以完成目前許多技術手段無法完成的實驗，如參數控制，復雜條件下的邊界條件的處理，同時數值模擬具有高可重復性，且數值模擬的成本和人力開銷等遠低於物理模擬，因此研究巖土體工程問題的流形元數值模擬方法是一項具有理論和實際工程應用價值的重要課題。
  15. X - band ground based radar ( gbr ) plays an important role in national missile defense ( nmd ) system, it has many important functions such as middle stage surveillance and interception, trajectory prediction, target identifying and classifying. it has important significance to analyze and study gbr system, not only for ballistic missile ’ attack and defense research, but also for our national space surveillance and ballistic missile defense system development

    X波段地基雷達（ gbr ）是美國國家導彈防禦系統中段防禦和攔截系統中最主要和最有效的目標精確跟蹤和識別傳感器之一，它負責中段監視和截獲、預測彈道和實測彈道的精度、識別和目標分類等重要功能，對gbr的系統分析和模擬研究，探究其工作機理和識別手段，不但對于研究彈道導彈的有效突防措施和攻防對抗有著重要意義，對于發展我國自己的空間監測和彈道導彈防禦系統也有著重要的參考價值。
  16. Motivated by the above results, the third part of this paper considers the equivalence problems that every stationary point or kuhn - tucker point is an efficient solution. we define i - quasi - invex vector function., i - strictly quasi - invex vector function and kt - i - strictly quasi invex vector function, and derive the above equivalent condition for unconstrained or constrained multiobjective programming

    於是，在本文的第三部分，我們定義了類不變擬凸、類嚴格不變擬凸、 kt -類嚴格不變擬凸的向量值函數，並且在無約束或約束多目標規劃中，獲得了每個駐點（或k - t點）是有效解的等價條件。
  17. This paper improves some commonly used stochastic optimization algorithms, such as genetic algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm and tabu search algorithm, and improved algorithms are verified by the standard mathematical functions. then, improved algorithms are used to solve practical electromagnetic problems and the items of practical application of algorithms worthy of paying attention to are emphasized

    本文對遺傳演算法、模擬退火演算法、禁忌搜索演算法等幾種常用的隨機類優化演算法進行了改進，以標準數學函數作為檢驗依據對改進演算法作出評價，並將各改進的演算法應用於實際電磁場逆問題的求解，總結其應用的實際經驗和見解。
  18. Then on one hand, author makes researches of anti - jamming against pulse jamming 、 gauss white noise jamming and radio frequency noise jamming from the side of signal processing. author exercises much signal processing knowledge of time - domain sliding window accumulation 、 wavelet analysis 、 time - frequency analysis and linear prediction and carries out many simulation experiments. on the other hand, author proposes the anti - jamming methods of using a sar similar to double - base radar and modulating the amplitude 、 the phase of emission signal and changing the frequency modulation slope from the side of changing sar system model

    作者首先提出了合成孔徑雷達抗干擾的定義、分類以及評價抗干擾方法好壞的主客觀標準；然後，一方面從信號處理的角度出發對脈沖式干擾、高斯白噪聲干擾以及射頻噪聲干擾進行了抗干擾研究，其中運用了時域滑動窗口積累，小波分析，時頻分析以及線性預測等信號處理知識，做了大量的模擬實驗；另一方面，本文基於改變合成孔徑雷達系統模式提出了利用類似雙基地雷達來抗干擾，以及對發射信號進行調幅、調相以及改變調頻斜率來抗干擾，同樣做了相應的模擬實驗。
  19. The application fields of high - power semiconductor laser diodes ( lds ) are wider and wider due to their unique advantages such as small in size, low power consumption, high electric to optical energy converting efficiency and cheap in cost, which couldn ’ t be competitive by other forms of lasers, results in their more and more important role for society, economics, military and human ’ s daily - life

    大功率半導體激光器（ ld ， laserdiode ）因體積小、功耗低、轉換效率高而且價格便宜等其他類型的激光器所無法比擬的優勢，應用領域越來越寬廣，對社會、經濟、國防和百姓日常生活影響越來越大。
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