晶粒微化 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jīnglìwéihuà]
晶粒微化 英文
grain refinement
  • 晶 : Ⅰ形容詞（光亮） brilliant; glittering Ⅱ名詞1. （水晶） quartz; （rock） crystal 2. （晶體） any crystalline substance
  • 粒 : Ⅰ名 （小圓珠形或小碎塊形物） small particles; grain; granule; pellet Ⅱ量詞（用於粒狀物）
  1. M. h. rei, l. l. sheu, and y. z. chen, “ nickel boride catalyst in organic synthesis. i : a new ferromagnetic catalyst from the diborane reduction of nickel acetate ”, appl. catal., 23 ( 1986 ) 281

    陳懿，范以寧，沈儉一，胡徵， 「非晶態合金超細微粒催化劑制備?表徵和催化作用的研究」 ，超細微粒材料與觸媒研討會論文集， （ 1996 ） 1
  2. Based on the analyses on mechanical properties, microstructure and fracture of - the microalloyed steels socrv with various heat treatment technique, it can be affirmed that various fractures arttribute to various mechanism, we can draw conclusion that the strength and toughness of microalloyed steels 50crv will be increase simultaneously by optimal heat treatment technique. to illustrate the mechanism of the strength and toughness of microalloyed steels socrv, we designed the comparative experiment and observed the microstructure of the sample which occurred at different quench and tempering temperature and different tempering time. the last experiment results were determined by the four factors : fined microalloyed elements grains, the decompound of martensite, martensite transformation of remnant austenite and the second phase precipitation

    為解釋微合金化50crv鋼強韌化機理，本文通過對不同淬火溫度，回火溫度，回火時間下的力學性能指標的對比及顯微分析，認為微合金元素的細化晶粒，馬氏體的回火分解，殘余奧氏體的轉變，第二相的沉澱析出共同決定了微合金鋼的強韌化情況，特別是由於微合金元素的存在，其細化晶粒及其碳氮化物的沉澱析出，導致鋼的良好的強韌性，並且如果工藝滿足第二相的沉澱析出強化大於回火馬氏體分解引起的軟化效應，會在硬度曲線中產生明顯的二次硬化現象。
  3. It is found that the nano material is distributed not only among general material grains to form inter - granular structure of the coating but also in the general material grains to form intra - granular structure. micro - crack caused by laser will be eliminated greatly. 3 mechanical performances of the ceramic coating manufactured are tested

    得到的結論是經過激光熔覆后的塗層緻密化程度有了很大的提高，比單純的激光重熔塗層還高，納米顆粒不僅填充在晶粒之間，而且還嵌入在大晶粒內部，有利於消除激光作用產生的微裂紋。
  4. But the grain growth, grain semiconduction and grain boundary insulation were influenced by many factors, such as the type and contents of dopants, sintering temperature and so on. therefore, in this thesis the effect of the restore sintering temperature, the oxygenize temperature, the donor and acceptor dopant on the dielectric and varistor properties of devices were studied. with sem, the microstructure of srtio3 - based double function ceramic was analyzed

    而晶粒生長、晶粒半導化和晶界絕緣化受到多種因素的影響，諸如雜質的種類和含量、燒成溫度等，因此本論文研究了還原燒成溫度、中溫氧化溫度、施主和受主摻雜等對srtio _ 3基陶瓷的壓敏和介電性能的影響，並藉助于sem分析對srtio _ 3基雙功能陶瓷的微觀結構進行了分析。
  5. The results from x - ray diffraction demonstrated that pp / mmtome was a fully intercalated nanocomposite, pp / mmtom and pp / ommt were partly intercalated nanocomposites, but the intercalation effect of pp / mmtom nanocomposite was better ; the crystallization characteristics of pure pp and pp / mmt nanocomposites were investigated by dsc, waxd and pom. the result of these testing showed that mmt nano - layers acted as nucleating agents for the crystallization of pp, the addition of mmt had effect on the crystallization process, leading the increasing of crystallization temperature crystallization rate and crystallinity, but also the dimension of spherulite reduced. but the formation of pp crystal did n ' t change, the formation of pp crystal in three pp / mmt nanocomposites and pure pp were a - form on the whole ; influences of three sorts of mmt on mechanical properties of pp / mmt nanocomposites were studied, as a result, the addition of mmt comprehensively improved mechanical properties of pp : notched impact strength, tensile strength and flexural properties were all increasing, but the extent of increasing were n ' t large

    通過xrd分析比較這三種pp mmt納米復合材料微觀結構得到， pp mmt _ （ ome ）屬于完全插層， pp mmt _ （ om ）與pp ommt的插層程度相近，但是pp mmt _ （ om ）相對較好；通過對純pp和三種pp mmt納米復合材料的結晶性能研究發現，蒙脫土納米片層對pp結晶產生明顯的異相成核作用，結晶能力增強，使pp的結晶溫度和結晶速率提高，結晶度增加，球晶晶粒細化，但是沒有改變pp的結晶形態，三種pp mmt納米復合材料的結晶形態都屬于晶；通過對pp mmt納米復合材料的力學性能測試得知，蒙脫土的加入全面提高了pp的力學性能，缺口沖擊強度、拉伸強度和彎曲性能都有一定程度的提高，浙江{ _業大學碩十學位論文摘要但是提高幅度都不是很大，不過ommt 、 mmtom和mmtc ） me三種蒙脫土對pp力學性能有著不同的改性作用，其中pp / mmtom最好， pp月邊mto崛次之， pp / ommt最低，這種情況主要是由蒙脫土對pp結晶性能的影響和蒙脫土的納米改性作用造成的。
  6. The crystalline structure changes of pp induced by pan - milling were characterized by x - ray diffraction and raman spectroscopy. xrd analyses show that when pp was co - milled with uhmwpe, crystal transformation of pp occurred, its crystallinity and crystallite size decreased, whereas, only slight reduction of crystallinity and crystallite size were observed and no crystal transformation was found when pp was co - milled with wtr chips, and amorphization of pp was strongly enhanced by co - milling pp with iron

    採用x -射線衍射研究了聚丙烯碾磨粉碎過程微觀結構變化， uhmwpe存在下pp發生晶型轉變、結晶度降低和晶粒尺寸減小；彈性材料wtr抑制pp塑性變形，碾磨導致分子堆積有序區域膨脹，晶面間距增大，結晶度下降；剛性材料金屬鐵與pp產生強烈摩擦，加快晶粒細化，晶格破裂導致非晶化。
  7. The raw materials, the composition, the time of milling, the calcining temperature, the different additives, the sintering temperature and the sintering parameters were investigated. the result showed : it was advantaged to obtain high initial permeability mnzn ferrite with stable frequency characteristic using high - purity raw materials ; in order to obtain mnzn ferrite with high properties, we must control strictly the composition ; it could improve the properties of mnzn ferrite by optimizing calcining temperature. the lower calcining temperature made the permeability higher, and the higher calcining temperature could promote the frequency characteristic of permeability ; we chosen the right time of milling according to the requirement of power diameter ; in order to improve the properties of mnzn ferrite, it is necessary to add effective additives. in this dissertation, the influence of bi2o3 、 moo3 、 k2co3 、 co2o3 were investigated ; the sintering temperature, the time of heat - retaining and sintering parameters were the key factors of preparing high permeability mnzn ferrites

    研究結果表明:採用高純度的fe2o3有利於獲得高起始磁導率且頻率特性優良的鐵氧體;為了制備所需性能的鐵氧體，需要嚴格控制配方中各種原材料的含量，優化配方;由於粉體活性受預燒條件的影響，所以對不同要求的鐵氧體選擇的預燒條件就不一樣，適當降低預燒溫度有利於獲得較高的起始磁導率，而為了獲得良好的頻率特性可以適當地提高預燒溫度;根據對粉體顆粒粒徑的不同需求，可以選擇不同的球磨時間;而有效的添加劑是改善材料性能的必要條件，本文在添加劑的研究中主要對bi2o3 、 moo3 、 k2co3 、 co2o3的影響分別作了詳細地討論;燒結溫度、保溫時間和燒結氣氛是高磁導率mnzn鐵氧體制備最關鍵的工藝，適宜的燒結工藝可以獲得理想微結構和組成，從而得到高性能的鐵氧體材料;而從材料的微結構上來看，要提高材料的截止頻率，就要適當地細化晶粒、增加晶粒內部的氣孔。
  8. The quality of buffer layer and thin films was analyzed by afm, xrd, rheed and xps respectively. the effect of the experimental parameters such as carbonization time, working pressure, c source gas flow rate, carbonization temperature, different carbonization gas and substrate on the carbonization process was studied firstly. it was observed that the size of particles was increased with the increase of carbonization time and the rms was opposite, but the trend was reduced while the carbonization time was long enough ; the size of particles was increased with the increase of working pressure too, and choosing a proper working pressure could get a smooth surface ; the size of particles was unobviously changed while the gas flow rate was low, but it was notability increased with the increase of gas flow rate while the gas flow rate was high enough, and a smooth surface could be also obtained by choosing a proper gas flow rate ; with the increase of carbonization temperature, the size of particles was increased, the rms is decreased and a good single - crystalline carbonization layer could be obtained, but a rough surface was formed at a excessive high temperature ; the rms of

    對于碳化工藝，側重研究了碳化時間、反應室氣壓、 c源氣體的流量、碳化溫度以及不同種類的c源氣體、基片取向等因素對碳化層質量的影響，研究結果表明:隨著碳化時間的增長，碳化層的晶粒尺寸隨之變大，表面粗糙度隨之降低，但當碳化到一定時間之後，碳化反應減緩，碳化層的晶粒尺寸以及表面粗糙度的變化幅度變小;碳化層的晶粒尺寸隨反應室氣壓的升高而變大，適中的反應室氣壓可得到表面比較平整的碳化層;在c源氣體的流量相對較小時，碳化層的晶粒尺寸隨氣體流量的變化不明顯，但當氣體流量增大到一定程度時，碳化層的晶粒尺寸隨氣體流量的增大而明顯變大，同時，適中的氣體流量得到的碳化層表面粗糙度較低;碳化溫度較低時，碳化層的晶粒取向不明顯，隨著碳化溫度的升高，碳化層的晶粒尺寸明顯變大，且有微弱的單晶取向出現，但取向較差，同時，適中的碳化溫度可得到表面平整的碳化層;相比于c _ 2h _ 2 ，以ch _ 4作為c源氣體時得到的碳化層表面平整得多;比起si （ 100 ） ，選用si （ 111 ）作為基片生長的碳化層的晶粒取向一致性明顯更好。
  9. The corrosion behavior of nanocrystalline ( nc ) copper bulks with various grain sizes prepared from igc ( inert gas condemsation ) and vacuum annealing in comparison with conventional microcrystalline ( mc ) copper ( as - rolled and electrolytic ) in acid copper sulphate solution and neutral solution containing chlorides under free corrosion conditions and anodic polarizations has been studied using potentiodynamic polarization, potentiometric analysis, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. x - ray diffraction was used to estimate the grain size of the annealed nc copper. field emission gun scanning electron microscopy and x - ray energy - dispersive spectroscopy was used to characterize the surface morphology and analyze the surface composition after the polarization and potentiometric test of both nc and mc copper

    本文研究了用igc （惰性氣體蒸發凝聚原位溫壓法）制備並真空退火到不同晶粒尺寸的納米晶銅和微米晶銅（冷軋紫銅、電解銅）在酸性硫酸銅溶液和中性含氯溶液中，在自腐蝕狀態和陽極極化狀態下的腐蝕性能。使用了動電勢極化、電位測定、循環伏安法（ cv ）和電化學阻抗譜（ eis ）等方法。 x -射線衍射（ xrd ）的方法用來估算納米晶銅晶粒尺寸。
  10. In acid copper sulphate solution, the nc copper has a more negative corrosion potential which is decreasing with reducing the grain size and diffusion impedance was only found in the as - prepared and as - annealed at 180 ? nc copper due to the diffusion within the pores and channels on the surface. both the tafel plots and eis study demonstrated that the nc copper exhibits a higher corrosion current and lower polarization resistance than its mc couterpart

    在酸性硫酸銅溶液中，納米晶銅的腐蝕電位比微米晶銅要負，並且隨著晶粒尺寸的減小而降低。 eis研究表明，未退火的和180退火的納米樣品中發現了擴散阻抗，與表面孔洞和通道中的擴散有關。極化曲線外推法和電化學阻抗研究都表明納米晶銅的腐蝕電流比微米晶銅高，而極化電阻要低。
  11. It is found that the specific saturation magnetization decreases with the decrease of the nanocrystallites grain size. the dominating reason is the grain size of the nanocrystallites less than the critical size of the single magnetic domain

    發現對于純凈的納米晶粒來說，飽和磁化強度隨著晶粒線度的減小而減小，這主要是因為所制備的納米晶微粒的晶粒線度小於單疇顆粒的臨界粒徑。
  12. So re oxides has two form existence, one is concentrate on the matrix equiaxial crystal grain boundary as a micron particles and the other is distributed in matrix crystal dispersively as the nanometer particles compared the electron emission performance of mo - la2o3, mo - ; la2o3 - y2o3 and mo - la2c > 3 - sc2o3 cathode, the mo - la2o3 - sc2c > 3 cathode show excellent electron emission character

    上述研究表明不論是在稀土?鉬陰極還是在稀土?鎢電極中，稀土氧化物的存在形式有兩種，一種是微米級的顆粒偏聚于晶界處，另外一種是彌散分佈於基體晶粒的納米小顆粒。
  13. The properties of low carbon steel can be greatly enhanced when its grain size becomes ultrafine. approaches to obtain ultrafine grain size for low carbon steel, such as microalloying, electromagnetic field treatment and thermo - mechanical treatment after rolling, are given in this paper. in addition, the mechanism and technologies of ultrafine granulation are also discussed

    低碳鋼的性能可通過晶粒超細化得到改善，討論了低碳鋼生產過程中利用微合金化、電磁場處理和軋后加工處理等方法進行的晶粒超細化，討論了晶粒超細化的作用機理和生產工藝。
  14. The effects of the fabrication conditions on the crystal structure, grain size, micromorphology and electrochemical performance of these materials have been studied in depth. the reaction mechanism of the low - heating solid - state reaction method has also been investigated. in addition, a novel electrochemical method ( rpg method ) based on the concept of " ratio of potentio - galvano - charge capacity " has been for the first time developed to determine the diffusion coefficient of lithium - ion within insertion - host materials on the basis of the spherical diffusion model

    本論文較系統地考察了低熱固相反應法合成鋰離子電池正極材料的可行性問題，研究了工藝條件對材料的晶體結構、晶粒尺寸、微觀形貌及電化學性能等的影響，探討了低熱固相反應的機理，並通過引進「恆壓-恆流充電容量比」的概念，給出了一種測定鋰離子嵌入脫出固相擴散系數的新方法。
  15. The microwave magnetic sintering can not only lower the sintering temperature and shorten the sintering time, but also decrease the micro - grain size of magnets and make intergranular phase and grain boundary of main phase distributed well. the abnormal grain growth was found in conventional sintered ndfeb magnets, which may be due to the greater particle size and uneven distribution of powder, and higher sintering temperature and longer sintering time. of course, the abnormal grain growth would deteriorate the magnetic properties

    微波磁場燒結的不但降低燒結溫度，縮短燒結時間，而且使磁體整體加熱，受熱更均勻，因而磁體晶粒更細小，並且主相晶粒邊界趨于規則化，晶間相的分佈更均勻；在常規燒結的磁體中則出現了晶粒異常長大現象，造成這一現象的原因，一方面可能是燒結溫度過高或燒結時間過長，另一方面可能是磨製的粉體均勻性較差，存在的大顆粒被許多細小顆粒包圍，在燒結過程中，大顆粒不斷吞併小顆粒，逐漸長大，而異常長大的晶粒自然會導致磁體性能的惡化。
  16. The analyses of their microstructure showed that comparing with zl101 that contained no titanium, the trace amounts of titanium in alloys caused grain refining of al - l % si in zl101a prepared from electrolytic low content titanium aluminum alloy ( i. e. alti101a ) and zl101a prepared from electrolytic al - si - ti alloy ( i. e. ast101a ), and the grain size distribution became more even, whereas the trace amounts of titanium have little influence on the size and shape of si particles in these alloys

    微觀組織分析結果表明，相對于不含鈦的zl101 ，微量的鈦可以使電解低鈦鋁合金制備的zl101a （ alti101a ）和電解鋁硅鈦合金制備的zl101a （ ast101a ）的（ al ）相的晶粒細化，晶粒大小分佈均勻，但對它們的si粒子尺寸和形貌影響不大。
  17. There would be found distinct second " hardening apex in the curve when a conclusion was drawn that i : is likely that the most effective measurement to increase the strength and toughness is to fine grains and precipitate carbide nucleates of microalloyed elements, especially, fined grains of microalloyed elements increase the strength and toughness greatly

    結論；綜上所述，在一定的熱處理工藝下，提高微合金化50crv鋼強韌性的最有效的方法是細化晶粒和沉澱強化，特別是微合金元素的細化晶粒強化作用。
  18. The boundary of ferrite has been clarified and fined by adding re into crsomo. the intergranular corrosion induced by solution chromium decreasing can be restrained for nb, v, ti combing carbon in the steel. the wear resistance of stainless steel can be increased for the precipitation of microalloyed carbides

    其中，稀土能夠凈化鐵索體晶界，並起到變質劑的作用，細化鐵素體晶粒，改善不銹鋼的韌性；鈮、釩、鈦能夠與鋼中的碳結合，減少固溶鉻的損失，從而避免晶間腐蝕，同時細小微合金碳化物的沉澱析出可提高不銹鋼的耐磨性。
  19. A modified definition of polarization resistance calculated from the equivalent circuit of eis make its value dependent on the grain size. in anodic polarization test ( sweeing and stair - steps ), the maximum ( critical ) current density increases while the passivation potential and breakdown potential lowers with the reduction of the grain size. fegsem images showed the grain growth and pitting corrosion of the nc copper surface, uniform corrosion in the mc copper surface and the broken passivation layer in both surfaces

    在陽極極化實驗（包括掃描法和臺階法）中，致鈍電流雖晶粒尺寸減小而增大，而致鈍電位和擊穿電位都隨著晶粒細化而降低。 fegsem照片發現了納米晶銅的晶粒長大和孔蝕，微米晶銅表面的均勻腐蝕，和兩種銅表面破碎的鈍化膜。
  20. Some factors influencing the grain growth were studied in detail using mc technique. the mc simulation of grain growth can provide not only grain growth kinetics but also detailed information on temporal grain morphology evolution. furthermore, mc technique can easily simulate the " thermal pin " phenomenal caused by steep temperature gradient near the weld interface

    採用mc模擬技術，不僅能夠模擬焊接haz奧氏體晶粒長大的動力學過程，而且能夠逼真地模擬奧氏體晶粒微觀形貌的變化，更重要的是它可以很好地模擬焊接haz存在的陡峭的溫度梯度對奧氏體晶粒長大的影響。
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