民法規范 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [mínfǎguīfàn]
民法規范 英文
norm of the civil law
  • 民 : Ⅰ名詞1 （人民） the people 2 （某族的人） a member of a nationality 3 （從事某種職業的人） a pers...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 規 : Ⅰ名詞1 （畫圓形的工具） instrument for drawing circles 2 （規則; 成例） rule; regulation 3 [機械...
  • 范 : 名詞1 [書面語] （模子） pattern; mould; matrix 2 （模範; 榜樣） model; example 3 （范圍） boundar...
  • 法規 : laws and regulations; rule
  1. Subject title means the competence to be adscription of legal rights and responsibilities, and has shown an emphasis on the factor of reason since modern times begun. “ b rgerliches gesetzbuch ( abr. as bgb in following text ) ” created the word “ rechtsfaehigkeit ” to take the place of “ personalite ” to meet the requirement of formation. and the non - ethical rechtsfaehigkeit became then the token of civil subject in code

    本文認為，從資格角度來說，民法上的主體意味著民事權利義務的歸屬，而在這種歸屬資格的背後，近代以降的民事主體還表現出對理性因素的特別強調，這也是民事主體與僅表述適用商法來規范其行為者的「商事主體」的根本差別。
  2. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  3. The current public prosecution mode in our country took shape from the past whole case - examine mode in the base of the thinking to get ride of the drawbacks in the past. in practice, it has not only become effective and cause out a lot of new defaults, for example, the definition of the main evidence is not clear, the transfer range of the case files is unclear and the stipulate of the examine consequence is not enough. in order to reform and perfect the current public prosecution mode, we should regard the theory of the public prosecution as guide, combine our country ' s conditions, on methodology jump out of the circle relatively drawing lessons from the past, on the procedural theory, change the idea that the forejudge caused from the substantive examination and clarify the objective fact the current public prosecution include the essential substantive examination, in practice regard legitimacy, rationality and flexibility as the principle of law enforcement before the law to revise, in legislation define the concept of the main evidence clearly, add the regulation to dispatch the examine judge and the trial judge, regulate the treatment methods after examination and revise some rules about the summary procedure

    以公訴審查制度的訴訟理念為指導，結合我國的國情，對現行公訴審查模式的改革和完善，在方法論上跳出以往比較借鑒的圈子；在訴訟理念上改變過去庭審法官預斷必然緣于實體性審查的觀念，以澄清現行公訴審查模式包括必要的實體審的客觀事實；在實踐中以合法性、合理性和靈活性作為立法修改前的執法原則；在立法上明確界定主要證據的范圍是對證明犯罪是否成立起主要作用或有重要影響的證據，其中既包括有罪證據也包括無罪證據，增加規定公訴審查法官與正式庭審法官分立制度，補充規定對公訴審查后開庭審理之外的其它情況的處理方法以及對於人民法院在審理過程中發現不宜適用簡易程序的，取消原刑訴法應當按照一般公訴案件適用的普通審判程序重新審理的規定，改為由審理該案件的獨任審判員以外的審判員重新組成合議庭對該案件進行重新審理等。
  4. The civil case judgment direct procedure is a legal procedure that rectifies to produce effect to judge the mistake, although it is not a case to take up necessarily through the procedure, is also not litigant to review the class independently, it developped the positive effect towards protecting the legal rights of the party concerned, guarantee judicatory fairly, because some judgment of now direct procedure provision too principle, or not complete and not reasonable, practice to win to also bring the operational difficulty and not norm, also obstructed the wrong function of the 糾 of the procedure of direct of judgment full to some extent exertive

    民事審判監督程序是糾正生效裁判錯誤的法定程序，雖然它不是案件審理的必經程序，也不是訴訟的獨立審級，但其對保護當事人合法權益，保障司法公正，發揮了積極作用，但由於現在有些審判監督程序規定的過于原則，或不完整不合理，實踐中也帶來操作上的困難和不規范，在一定程度上也阻礙了審判監督程序的糾錯功能的充分發揮。
  5. This paper, takes rli as an object of study, takes property rights relationship and management relationship of rural land as a main clue, takes raising the management benefit into full play of rural land and ensuring rural land sustainable utilization as objective, uses the theory of western institution economics and market economics for reference, adopts the method of study of combining macro analysis with microanalysis and combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, reviews systematically the developing process of rli in china since the founding of our country and the developing tendency of rli in the world, summarizes the influence law of rli to rural land management benefit, analyses the innovative mechanis m. institutive achievement and being faced with difficult position and gauntlet of the present rli in china, and defines the objective and following principles of rli innovation proceeding from the actual conditions of our country. on the basis of these, constructs the innovative models by stages of rural land property rights institution and management institution, which accords with the market economic law and the law by stages of rural economic developing levels and gives consideration to efficiency and fair

    本文以農村土地制度為研究對象，以農村土地的產權關系和經營關系為主線，以農村經濟發展水平（包括農村生產力發展水平和農村工業化、城鎮化水平）和農民的承受能力為依據，以最大限度地提高農地經營效益、確保農地資源的可持續利用為目的，借鑒西方新制度經濟學理論和市場經濟理論，採用宏觀分析與微觀分析、定量分析與定性分析、規范研究與實證研究相結合的研究方法，系統地回顧了建國后我國農地制度的演變過程及世界農地制度的演變趨勢，總結了農地制度對農地經營效益的影響規律，分析了我國現行的家庭承包經營責任制的創新機理、制度績效及其面臨的困境與挑戰，並從我國的實際出發，確定了農地制度創新的目標及應遵循的原則，在此基礎上構建符了符合市場經濟規律和農村經濟發展水平的階段性規律、兼顧效率和社會公平的階段性農地產權制度創新模式及其對應的經營制度創新模式。
  6. Part iiilegal issues upon the reform of toll and tax in countryside this part is concentrated to show six problems that the reform of toll and tax in countryside is to be up against and is to be peremptorily settled as following : the first one, in the confirming of agricultural tax, it is very difficult to protect the farmer ' s rights fairly because of unscientific of the evidence at assessment, highly of tax rate, and the absence of law and statute correlatively ; the second one, on the tax levying, there lack of legal systems that is to supervise and run, especially lack of law and statute which lead to collect agricultural special tax canonically ; the third one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside extrudes unbalance burden among farmers and countries, and lead to unevenly between subject of tax payment, which breaches the legal rule of balanceable tax ; the fourth one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside faces the danger that farmers " burden tends to rebound because of weakly carry through legal rule on tax statutory and absent of law and statute correlatively ; the fifth one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside affects the finance and revenue - expenditure auditing of the grass roots and father affects the grass roots to raise fee upon public construction and education, as a result, there ' s more charge that is out of law, the monocracy of grass roots " finance ought to be carry out ; the sixth one, legal measures connect with the reform of toll and tax in countryside in dire need of to be built, which mainly conclude legal system that adjust country social security, country compulsory education and country debt

    第三部分? ?農村稅費改革的法律課題集中展示了農村稅費改革所面臨且亟待解決的六大法律問題。即：其一，在確定農業稅上，計稅依據不科學、稅率偏高、相關法律規范缺失，無法平等保護農民的合法權益；其二，在農村稅收的徵收上，缺乏行之有效的法律監督和運行機制，尤其是農業特產稅的徵收缺乏保障據實徵收的法律規范;其三，稅費改革凸顯農民之間、農村之間的負擔不均，使納稅主體的權利義務失衡，有悖稅負均衡的法律原則;其四，由於稅收法定主義沒有得到有效貫徹，規制農民負擔反彈方面的法律法規缺位，致使農村稅費改革潛伏著農民負擔反彈的風險;其五，稅費改革影響基層組織的財政收支，進而影響鄉村公益事業建設及教育經費的籌措，引發稅外亂收費沉渣泛起，基層財政體製法治化勢在必行;其六，與稅費改革相關的配套法律措施巫待構建，主要是農村社會保障法律體系、鄉村義務教育和鄉村債務疏導的法律支撐魚待構建與完善。第四部分一一農村稅費改革與相關法律制度的構建基於上一部分提出的法律問題，力圖構築農村稅費改革的法律框架並提出相應對策。
  7. In west developed countries, the national credit management system played a very important role in normalizing the credit trade. it is made up of opening credit rating data and the development of credit management industry, establishing and enforcing of credit management law system, supervising and managing over credit trade and credit management industry by government, developing of the education and research on credit management

    發達國家信用管理體系在規范信用交易方面發揮了非常重要的作用，大概由以下幾個部分組成：第一，徵信數據的開放和信用管理行業的發展；第二，信用管理法律體系的建立和執行；第三，政府對信用交易和信用管理行業的監督和管理，包括信用管理民間機構的建立；第四，信用管理正規教育和研究的發展。
  8. It highlights as well how in most cases such a form of social agency is later thwarted by the patrilineal rule of marital house hold as well as the strict immigration regulation concerning their citizen ' s rights

    這篇論文引用深度訪談和參與觀察的田野調查資料，試圖說明年輕一代的大陸新娘多基於渴望現代性的想像故而與臺籍配偶結縭，但此想像初受挫在臺婚姻家戶的父系傳承規范，復因國家有關這些女性的公民身分規定，故而強化了剝削她們社會能動性的合法性。
  9. In china the practice of constitutional norm effect outstrips the theory, and its implementation in court of law outstrips the constitutional experience of other countries with suspicion of deviation from constitutionalist theories

    憲法規范在公法領域的效力是絕對的，公民基本權利對抗國家的效力是無限制的，但憲法規范在私法領域的效力則是很有限的。
  10. On the suitableness of civil law ' s standard for administrative law

    論民法規范在行政法中的適用
  11. In ancient roman " creditor " first means " the one who lends money to the others ", is the loaner of loan for consumption, and then " point those to accept the others to implement the compulsory person according to various reason ", is its extending meaning

    古中國是一個存在著大量的契約原件，但是缺少成文民法規范的國家;古羅馬是一個有著成熟、縝密的民事法律規范，但是沒有遺留下來足夠多契約原件的國家。
  12. Civil law regulates basic human - social relations involving ownership of property, titles to land, making and enforcement of contracts, organization of business enterprises, employment of labor, buying and selling goods, marriage and divorce, inheritance of estates, etc

    民事法規范基本的人與社會的關系，涉及財產的歸屬，土地的歸屬，加強合同的效力，組織商業企業，勞動的雇傭，買賣商品，結婚離婚，繼承財產等等
  13. The changes and practices of the policies of the new era private education are division to three stages : the stage of agrees people to set up schools, the stage of encourage and the stage of criterion by law

    新時期民辦教育政策的變化及實踐大致可以分為三個階段：肯定群眾辦學階段，鼓勵支持、引導管理階段和制度管理、依法規范階段。每個階段政策的發展變化不僅與中國教育事業的發展密不可分，也與中國改革開放的進程密不可分。
  14. Focusing on the provisions of protecting private property rights in the fourth constitutional amendment, the thesis points out six defects : private property in the market competition has n ' t acquired the same legal status as the public property ; property rights should belong to the basic right of citizenship not economic system ; reflections on the public interests, compensation principle and compensation procedure brought by the requisition and compensation articles ; the lack of property check article in the constitution ; the defect of word of " legal " as a modifier of the private property rights in the constitution ; the application of property rights subject finally, the thesis provides some individual suggestion to perfect the protection system of private property rights in china ' s constitution

    針對第四次憲法修正案關于私有財產保護的條款，指出了其中存在的六點不足：在市場競爭中私有財產尚未獲得與公有財產平等的法律地位；財產權應當歸屬于公民基本權利而不是經濟制度；徵用補償條款引發的關于公共利益、補償原則和補償程序的思考；憲法文本中財產制約條款的缺失；作為私有財產權限定語的「合法的」在憲法規范中的缺陷；財產權主體的適用范圍，從而為完善我國憲法對私有財產的保護制度提出個人的一些建議。
  15. China ' s economic reforms have contributed significantly to the expansion of multiple economic elements in the market economy, particularly the private sector, and have changed people ' s mindset on education investment, which, coupled with china ' s long - term severe inadequacy in education spending, has created an enormous education market. all these have facilitated the resurgence of non - governmental education, which will undergo three basic phases : initial resurgence, rapid development, and legal standardization

    我國經濟改革促進了市場經濟中多種經濟成份的發展特別是私營經濟的壯大，改變了人們的教育投資意識，加上我國長期以來教育投入的嚴重不足形成了巨大的教育市場空間，這一切促成了民辦教育的復興，其過程大體上可以分為恢復起步、迅速發展、依法規范三個階段。
  16. Judicatory actualization of constitution includes two aspects : first, judicature censor to law, statute and decision, order of sanction at larger which infracting the constitution ; second, on the condition of lacking common law and of people " s basic right be infracted, applying constitution criterion to judge

    憲法司法化具體包括兩方面內涵：一是對法律、法規以及具有普遍約束力的決定和命令進行違憲的司法審查；二是在公民基本權利受到侵害而普通法律缺位的情況下提起憲法訴訟，並在具體案件中適用憲法規范作判決。
  17. For example, the property right is not clear, the educational legislation lags behind, qualified teachers are deficient, educational quality is not guaranteed, graduates find them very difficult to get jobs, the contradiction between high educational fee and limited payment is widespread. the mode of state - owned - but - privately - run secondary college is only one form of college - running modes. due to its weakness, this article puts forth the following optimizing countermeasures : it must rely on well - facilitated provincial universities, we must implement the true innovation, it must identify its own position, we must make amendments to legislation and it must regard educational quality as its life

    國有民辦二級學院僅是眾多辦學模式中的一種，本文對國有民辦二級學院的辦學提出如下優化對策：我國國有民辦二級學院必須以辦學條件較好的省屬高校為依託；只有真正進行制度創新，國有民辦二級學院才能獲得發展空間；國有民辦二級學院必須明確自身的定位；健全國有民辦二級學院的立法，規范政府職能；國有民辦二級學院必須以好的教學質量為其發展的生命線。
  18. Hence, be living to carry forward in the villager ' s sell - government process, have to strengthen the countryside primary level party organizition is in power the capability building, perseveres in uphold against hour completely moves forward, continuously innovation countryside primary level party organizition leadership means with is in power ; persevere in uphold being in power to people, continuously tamp the real masses base that the countryside primary level party organizition was in power ; speed up development, heighten the economic basis that the countryside primary level party organizition was in power earnest ; in conformity with legal provisions be in power, persevere in uphold political party leadership 、 that villager is master in house with in conformity with legal provisions the norm organic unitary

    因此，在推進村民自治的過程中，必須加強農村基層黨組織執政能力建設，堅持與時俱進，不斷創新農村基層黨組織的領導和執政方式；堅持執政為民，不斷夯實農村基層黨組織執政的群眾基礎；加快發展，切實增強農村基層黨組織執政的經濟基礎；依法執政，堅持黨的領導、村民當家作主和依法規范的有機統一。
  19. I think our country ’ s property expropriation should cover the traditional expropriation theory, the theory that involves tax and administrative charge, expropriation theory in constitutional norms and the special public law obligation in citizens ` property right

    筆者認為我國的財產徵收理論應該涵蓋傳統意義上的行政徵收? ?征稅和收費和憲法規范中的徵收以及對公民財產權課以特別公法義務的行為。
  20. Part 2 discusses that the main function of the constitutional iitigation is to guarantce the basic rights of a citizen, starting with the nuclear position of citizens " rights in constitutional reguiations

    第二部分從公民基本權利在憲法規范中的核心地位入手，論述了憲法訴訟的基本功能在於保障公民的基本權利。
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