汽化速率 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [qìhuàsùlǜ]
汽化速率
英文
rate of evaporation-
Long - hole and geometrical proportion type of mixing unit is finally adapted in lpg supply system, and power and torque output of lpg engine are improved by increasing compression ratio, and ignition characteristic is tried to adjusted to satisfy engine performance. meantime emission performance and noise level of lpg engine at full - throttle and other various part - throttle operations are tested and compared with former gasoline engine. ( 3 ) it is verified by engine dyno tests that lpg engine has better synthesized performance at aspects of power and torque, fuel economy, as well as emission than former gasoline engine
選擇了等比例長孔式混合器控制空燃比；通過提高壓縮比來彌補動力性的損失；以動力性為主控目標，對最大功率點、最大扭矩點、中等轉速、最低轉速點所對應的發動機轉速做了點火特性的調節；通過空燃比的合理控制，直接改善發動機的動力性、經濟和排放指標；作為對缸內燃燒過程的理論分析，進行了燃燒特性的實驗測試；對原汽油機和新開發的液化石油氣發動機，進行了外特性和部分負荷特性以及怠速的排放及噪聲對比性測試。The great competition of automobile market has urged the factories to shorten the product development time ; and on the other hand, with the development of turbo, high power and light engine, the researchers have kept their eyes on the intensity more than the past
=汽車市場的激烈競爭，促使生產廠家極大地縮短了產品開發時間；另一方面，發動機朝著增壓、高功率、輕量化方向的迅速發展，又使研究人員更加註重發動機強度問題的研究。However, some markets of the automobile will come into comparative satiation before long according to this increasing currentness coupled with the limitations of the city facilities and the cost. the volume of consumerism will decline, the higher and higher quality demand of the consumers will become more important
但是，照現在的增長勢頭，加上客觀上受到城市基礎設施和使用成本的局限，也許並不需要太長的時間，局部汽車消費市場就會率先進入相對成熟期，汽車消費增長的速度就會放緩，消費者意識將更趨理性化，客戶對于全方位服務的要求也會越來越高。A co2 laser with the optimized resonator is made and to be proved by experiments. this dissertation focus on the following problems : the kinetics process of the cvl and the co2 laser, the rate equations for the laser level population, electron temperature and electron density
本文的重點是：闡述清楚銅蒸汽激光和二氧化碳激光的動力學過程，定量描述激光能級的粒子數速率方程、電子溫度和電子密度等速率方程The stability of electric power system has been being focused for a long time toprevent a power system from losing synchronism after sudden fault ， researchers have done much work and got many accomplishments this paper applied the direct feedback linearization ( dfl ) technique on the power system ， a strong nonlinear system simulation results by matlab proved this method efficiency main works and results are as follows ： this paper compared some existing methods in excitation control ， fast valve control and coordinated control respectively, analyzed the developments and actuality of nonlinear control research in brief, illustrated why ransient stability could be greatly improved by using the fast valve control in chapter 3 ， indicated the importance of coordinated control farther this paper introduced the inverse system theory, based on which ， discussed the dfl theory, pointed out which had consistency with the inverse theory, expanded the dfl theory combined the idiographic model equations ， made which adapt to the model of a single machine - infinite bus power system this paper referenced abundance articles and educed a set of equations ， which could describe the dynamical process of excitation and fast valve control for synchronous generators in the equations ， there were several very important parameters of power system - - rotor angle ( ) ， rotor speed ( ) ， generator q axis voltage ( eq ) ， transient voltage ( e ' q ) ， active power ( pe ) ， mechanical input power ( pm ) ， valve opening ( ) ， generator terminal voltage ( vt ) ， based on the model ， nonlinear coordinated controller and terminal voltage optimal controller have been designed by using the expanded dfl theory and lq optimal control theory the simulation results showed that the controller could keep power system transiently stable under the effects of a symmetrical 3 - phase short circuit fault ， which achieved better postfault regulation compared with another two routine methods ， one is the proportion excitation controller and proportion fast valve controller, the other is the proportion excitation controller and the optimal fast valve controller, which could exert good performance when met 1ittle disturbance either
在介紹逆系統理論的基礎上，詳細介紹了dfl理論，通過比較闡明了dfl理論其本質是逆系統方法的一類，並結合具體課題推導出的模型方程將dfl理論進行了擴展，使之適應于電力系統這個強非線性對象。通過參考大量的書籍文獻推導出一套實用的可將大型汽輪發電機勵磁與汽門綜合起來進行控制的模型方程，此模型方程涵蓋了電力系統中特別引人注目的幾個量- -轉子角、轉子轉速、發電機q軸電勢eq 、暫態電勢e ' q 、有功功率pe 、機械功率pm 、汽門開度、機端電壓vt ，在此基礎上建立了實用的電力系統簡化的數學模型，並將擴展的dfl理論應用於此模型系統，結合線性二次型最優控制理論設計出大型汽輪發電機的非線性綜合控制器及機端電壓最優控制器，通過模擬實驗與採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁控制器+汽門比例控制及採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁調節器和基於二次型性能指標設計的最優快控汽門（考慮發電機的飽和因素）進行了對比，證實了採用此種控制器可以有效地提高電力系統的暫態穩定性，並且在電力系統遭受小干擾時同樣具有良好的調節性能。An instrument that measures the rate of water evaporation
汽化計，蒸發計測定水蒸發速率的儀器Detailed contrastive simulation tests of four - phase and self - optimalizing abs control have been made and applying effects of self - optimalizing control are discussed, which establish stable principle foundation for self - optimalizing control applying to realistic abs controller. from the simulation results we can find that : automobiles which install self - optimalizing abs apparatus lock on the any road surface only when the vehicle body velocity and wheel velocity arrive at zero approximately, which is better for improving driving stability under braking. it shows anti - lock ability of self - optimalizing ; slip ratio approximates and surround the desired slip, which shows that this abs system uses fully road surface performance and retains large adhesion and braking performance is good ; braking force regulates with varies of road condition, which realizes road self - identification
通過模擬試驗可以看出：在各種路面上，汽車在安裝了自尋優防抱制動裝置后，在車速、輪速接近為0時才抱死，這對提高汽車制動時的操縱穩定性特別有利，顯示了自尋優避免車輪抱死的能力：滑移率的值基本上一直接近並且圍繞著與路面附著系數相對應的滑移率上下變化，說明了該系統充分利用了路面性能，基本上保持了較大的附著力制動，制動性能較好；制動力隨著路面條件的變化而相應做出調整，實現了路面自動識別的功能。Abstract : based on the concept of space migration length of photo - activation species, the analytical expression of the total number n of photo - activation species that can reach a segment on the substrate in the cubic deposition reaction space is derived. the simulation of the relationship of deposition rate and position of substrate is also completed. the simulation result agrees with the experiment data well
文摘:基於光激活物質空間遷移長度的概念，推導出方形反應空間中到達基片上單位面積的光激活物質總數的解析表達式，對光化學汽相沉積中淀積速率和基片位置的關系進行了模擬和分析.模擬結果同實驗結果符合良好Computer fluid dynamics ( cfd ) is adopted to simulate the flow fields of catalytic converter while researching the working process of emission postprocessor. the velocity field and pressure field of exhaust gas are obtained. methods of structural optimization of catalytic converter for improving gas flow and conversion efficiency are proposed
本文在汽車排氣后處理裝置工作過程研究方面，運用計算流體動力學軟體，對催化轉化裝置氣流場開展了模擬，得出了氣體速度場和壓力場的分佈情況，提出了以改善氣體流動和催化轉化效率的催化轉化裝置結構優化的方案。In order to investigate the influence of characteristics parameters on detonation wave in a two - phase pulse detonation engine model. the peak detonation pressures and average velocities of two - phase pulsed detonation wave produced by pde model using gasoline as fuel and air as oxidizer under various ignition frequencies and various mixture ratios are measured systematically, and the relations influencing them are analyzed
為了探索氣-液兩相脈沖爆震發動機模型內特徵參數對產生爆震波的影響規律，系統地測試了以汽油為燃料、以空氣為氧化劑的氣-液兩相脈沖爆震發動機模型在不同點火頻率及不同余氣系數下爆震波的峰值壓力以及平均爆震波速，並對其變化進行了分析。Because the different stiffness match of front and rear suspension is very influencing to the ride comfort, optimal model of ride comfort is developed, regarding the rms of driver ’ s acceleration as the objection, regarding the stiffness of front and back suspension as optimal variable, regarding quiet flexibility 、 dynamic flexibility 、 frequency and dynamic load as nonlinear constraints. by matlab program and using sqp, the optimal match of front and back suspension ’ s stiffness is achieved, this optimal model consider not only request of quiet 、 dynamic flexibility 、 frequency and damp, but also security of run and peace of road, it is closer to the fact than other models which only consider partial restriction
由於前後懸架垂直剛度的不同匹配對汽車行駛平順性影響較大，論文建立以駕駛員垂直加速度的均方根值作為汽車行駛平順性優化目標值、以前後懸架垂直剛度作為優化變量的優化設計模型，並輔以靜撓度、動撓度、頻率、動載荷等非線性約束，使用序列二次規劃法，利用matlab編制優化程序，求得前後懸架垂直剛度的最優匹配值;此優化模型不僅包含動靜撓度及頻率和阻尼的限制，還考慮到汽車的行駛安全性和道路友好性，比文獻報道的只考慮部分約束的優化模型更切合實際情況。The company mainly produces high - tension and low - tension electric equipment, thyristors electrical machinery soft starter, automatic regulating silicon piles etc. it developed the technology with own patent adopting sun shape heat tube radiators with steam and water separated, and developed the integrated power module unit including thyristors and rectifiers with the technology. the products organization is novel, and it conducts heat rapidly and has solved the difficult problems of heat dissipation in generator excitation and exchange power
公司主要生產高低壓成套電器低壓動態無功補償裝置晶閘管電機軟啟動自動調壓硅堆等產品。研製開發出了「日」字形汽水分離式熱管散熱，並利用該技術開發了晶閘管整流管一體化功率組件，結構新穎，傳熱迅速，為發電機勵磁交流調功等領域解決了器件散熱難題，產品的各項性能均處于國內外領先水平。In the designing of priority for the transmission ratio, the usage of gear ' s attest on transmission ration should be considered ; the average value is set as the evolution aim of the loss of driving power and the useful effectiveness. a simplified fuel - consumed economically model is used to simulate the fuel consumption while the automobile is in motion
在變速器傳動比優化設計中考慮檔位使用率對變速器傳動比的影響，採用驅動功率損失率和有效效率利用率的加權平均值作為評價指標，用參數樣條函數模擬車速狀態下的燃油消耗量，提出了按變速器傳動比的使用率來確定汽車的加速和等速的比例，並將其作為實際工況來確定汽車的實際燃油消耗率。Kingjime automatic press equipment co., ltd. was established in 1995. the whole staffs actively develop and offer high speed precision press and automatic peripheral equipment to keep pace with rapid development of industry, reduce the cost, improve quality and streng then competitive capacity. the products are widely used in household electric appliance, auto, toys and hardware and so on
金錚自動沖壓設備有限公司成立於1995年，為配合全球工業特別是國內工業的快速發展，同時為了滿足客戶降低經營成本，提高生產效率，提高產品品質及加強產品競爭的需求，本公司全體員工經過長期不斷的積極研發，完全具備了專業提供高速精密沖床及自動化周邊設備的能力，廣泛應用於家電、汽車、玩具、五金等各沖壓行業。Engine operating conditions cold be changed quickly and are very bad sometimes, such as : from suddenly cranking to driving in winter, acceleration to sudden torque demand. in the light of zero emission vehicles, in order to achieve better hot efficiency, maximum power, higher safety and best emission, engine controls become more and more difficult. automotive engines are typical nonlinear, time - delay, time - varying parameter systems
汽車發動機使用環境變化大，使用條件有時非常惡劣，從寒冷的冬天突然啟動進入行駛狀態，行駛過程中的突然加速，急劇的扭矩變化等等，在這樣的條件下，為了使其熱效率、輸出功率、行駛性、安全性和排氣清潔性處于最佳狀態，給汽車發動機的控制帶來了極大的困難，特別是零排放汽車排放標準的提出，對發動機控制提出了更高的要求。This product acquires engine crank corresponding phase signal and rotating speed signal, which after ecu treatment, are used together with signals collected from other load sensor ( such as shutter location sensor ) to achieve electronic control over engine ignition timing. compared with mechanical ignition timing control, this is more precise and reliable, resulting in optimized performance of engine in oil consumption, exhaust, output and torque
Fdw465b型電噴分電器總成採集發動機曲軸相位信號及轉速信號，同其它負荷傳感器（如節氣門傳感器等）採集到的信號，經電控單元ecu計算處理后，實現對發動機點火正時的電子控制，較之機械式點火正時控制更加精確、可靠，使汽車發動機系統的綜合性能得到較大提高，特別是發動機的燃油消耗率、排放、輸出功率、扭矩等方面都得到較大優化。The change of sound velocity with pressure, dryness degree, void - fraction, and phase - transition coefficient are analyzed. some important conclusions are derived
分析了兩相流體中音速隨壓力、干度、汽隙率、相變系數等的變化關系，並從中得出了一些重要的結論。Compared with the internal combustion engine vehicle ( icev ), fcev is not restricted by thermal mechanism and carnot cycle and has a higher energy conversion efficiency and a better working condition. at the same time, the fcev can also keep the same dynamic performance, top speed, long driving distance, driving security and comfort. it is considered as the first choice as a kind of clean and high efficient vehicle
與傳統內燃機汽車相比， fcev不通過熱機過程，不受卡諾循環的限制，具有能量轉化效率高、環境友好等內燃機汽車不可比擬的優點，同時仍然可以保持傳統內燃機汽車的加速性能、高速度、長距離行駛和安全、舒適等性能，被認為是21世紀首選的潔凈、高效運輸工具。The catalysts exhibited good adaptability to feedstock at high carbon space velocity, with higher conversion, little pressure drop over the bed, good tolerance to steam hydration, poisoning and coke formation, and good regeneratibility
結果表明，該催化劑對原料的適應性較強，使用空速高，轉化率高，床層阻力降小，抗蒸汽水合氧化能力、抗毒物能力和抗積炭能力較強，催化劑可還原再生，燒炭速率快。The results show that the data measured in laboratory have the same tendence with those measured in thermal power plant and the annual corrosion rate and polarization resistance and the anticorrosion performance of brass tubes can be evaluated effectively with ac impedance
結果表明，實驗室數據與現場測試數據基本吻合，交流阻抗法可以提供凝汽器黃銅管在循環冷卻水系統中的年腐蝕速率和極化電阻，幫助現場工作人員及時了解凝汽器黃銅管的腐蝕狀況。分享友人