法輪常轉 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fǎlúnchángzhuǎn]
法輪常轉
英文
the wheel of transmigration turns unceasingly -- a buddist doctrine-
The next morning i began to consider of means to put this resolve in execution, but i was at a great loss about my tools ; i had three large axes and abundance of hatchets, for we carried the hatchets for traffick with the indians but with much chopping and cutting knotty hard wood, they were all full of notches and dull, and tho i had a grindstone, i could not turn it and grind my tools too, this cost me as much thought as a statesman would have bestow d upon a grand point of politicks, or a judge upon the life and death of a man
四月二十二日，今天早上，我開始考慮實施我搬家的計劃，但卻無法解決工具問題。我有三把大斧和許多小斧我們帶了許多小斧，是準備與非洲土人做交易用的，但由於經常用來砍削多節的硬木頭，弄得都是缺口，一點也不快了。磨刀砂輪倒是有一個，但我卻無法轉動磨輪來磨工具。Now some universities and institutes of china have made some samples of the lunar rovers and theirs wheels, but until now the wheel ’ s mechanical performance is seldom researched and tested. this paper will analyze the mechanical performance of the wheel and design a test - bed to test the performance of the lunar rover ’ s wheel. firstly, the mechanical characters of the soil are separated to press - sinkage character and shear character based on bekker ’ s theory, and common press - sinkage and shear models are introduced and the theory of lankine passive earth pressure is also introduced
根據bekker半經驗法的基本思想，將土壤的力學特性分解為水平方向的剪切特性和豎直方向的承壓特性，闡述了地面力學中常見的土壤的承壓、剪切等力學模型，並引入了朗肯被動土壓力理論，為建立車輪在松軟土壤中前進和轉向的力學模型奠定了基礎，同時進行了實驗土壤的剪切實驗，測量了土壤的內聚力和內摩擦角等參數。The stability of electric power system has been being focused for a long time toprevent a power system from losing synchronism after sudden fault ， researchers have done much work and got many accomplishments this paper applied the direct feedback linearization ( dfl ) technique on the power system ， a strong nonlinear system simulation results by matlab proved this method efficiency main works and results are as follows ： this paper compared some existing methods in excitation control ， fast valve control and coordinated control respectively, analyzed the developments and actuality of nonlinear control research in brief, illustrated why ransient stability could be greatly improved by using the fast valve control in chapter 3 ， indicated the importance of coordinated control farther this paper introduced the inverse system theory, based on which ， discussed the dfl theory, pointed out which had consistency with the inverse theory, expanded the dfl theory combined the idiographic model equations ， made which adapt to the model of a single machine - infinite bus power system this paper referenced abundance articles and educed a set of equations ， which could describe the dynamical process of excitation and fast valve control for synchronous generators in the equations ， there were several very important parameters of power system - - rotor angle ( ) ， rotor speed ( ) ， generator q axis voltage ( eq ) ， transient voltage ( e ' q ) ， active power ( pe ) ， mechanical input power ( pm ) ， valve opening ( ) ， generator terminal voltage ( vt ) ， based on the model ， nonlinear coordinated controller and terminal voltage optimal controller have been designed by using the expanded dfl theory and lq optimal control theory the simulation results showed that the controller could keep power system transiently stable under the effects of a symmetrical 3 - phase short circuit fault ， which achieved better postfault regulation compared with another two routine methods ， one is the proportion excitation controller and proportion fast valve controller, the other is the proportion excitation controller and the optimal fast valve controller, which could exert good performance when met 1ittle disturbance either
在介紹逆系統理論的基礎上，詳細介紹了dfl理論，通過比較闡明了dfl理論其本質是逆系統方法的一類，並結合具體課題推導出的模型方程將dfl理論進行了擴展，使之適應于電力系統這個強非線性對象。通過參考大量的書籍文獻推導出一套實用的可將大型汽輪發電機勵磁與汽門綜合起來進行控制的模型方程，此模型方程涵蓋了電力系統中特別引人注目的幾個量- -轉子角、轉子轉速、發電機q軸電勢eq 、暫態電勢e ' q 、有功功率pe 、機械功率pm 、汽門開度、機端電壓vt ，在此基礎上建立了實用的電力系統簡化的數學模型，並將擴展的dfl理論應用於此模型系統，結合線性二次型最優控制理論設計出大型汽輪發電機的非線性綜合控制器及機端電壓最優控制器，通過模擬實驗與採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁控制器+汽門比例控制及採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁調節器和基於二次型性能指標設計的最優快控汽門（考慮發電機的飽和因素）進行了對比，證實了採用此種控制器可以有效地提高電力系統的暫態穩定性，並且在電力系統遭受小干擾時同樣具有良好的調節性能。The transient cfd simulation including the spiral case, stay vane, guide vane, runner vane and draft tube at different operation points is studied fitly, then the result of the pressure distribution on runner blade is provided for the runner transient structural simulation by fluid - structure interaction ( fsi ) method
文中首先對高水頭小負荷的渦帶工況下混流式水輪機內流場進行非定常cfd計算，得到渦帶工況下葉片表面不同時刻的水壓力載荷，並利用流固耦合方法對轉輪進行結構場瞬態特性計算，分析轉輪葉片的動應力特性。Under the conditions of market economy, we must use the market mechanism to protect the environment, cultivate essential environmental market, set up economy inspirit system and mobilize the enthusiasm of principal part of the market. as the legalized economic system, the emission rights trading has been used in developed countries at large, part areas in our country have tried to make experiments. the text points out several basic issues related on emission rights trading, including total amount control, emission license and application of emission rights abroad. combining chinese present problems on applying system of emission rights trading and several cases on emission rights trading in some cites, the thesis explains that it is necessary and promising that emission rights trading is applied in china
本文通過對與排污權交易制度相關的幾個基本問題：總量控制、排污許可證及排污權交易在國外環境領域中的應用的介紹，結合我國目前排污收費制度存在的問題和幾省市進行排污權交易試點的情況，指出排污權交易這一法律化的經濟制度在我國既有應用的必要和前景，也具有相應的運用基礎和條件，並對我國實施排污權交易制度可能遇到的問題及與之相配套的環境立法提出了設想，以期能引起我國學者關于排污權交易制度的大討論，不斷完善排污權交易制度，使其在環境領域中發揮重要作用，成為發展經濟、保護環境這兩個齒輪正常、高速運轉的潤滑劑。By applying the method of reliability technique, according to the eletric equipments reliability evaluate rules, this paper systematically analyzes faults which possibility or usually appear in turbine, generator, speed - adjusting controller in water power station and their reasons and effect factors. meanwhile it also uses the method of fat to study the fmea and preventive fault measures of turbine of zz500 - lh - 1020 and find out the biggest risk from all parts risk in turbine of zz500 - lh - 1020. this paper analyses the technique of reliability management of main equipments
本論文運用可靠性技術中的有關方法，依據《發電設備可靠性評價規程》對機組的可靠性狀態進行分類，系統地分析了水輪機、發電機、調速器等三大機械主設備中可能或經常出現的故障，產生這些故障的原因及其影響因素;同時，使用故障樹分析方法，研究了zz500 - lh - 1020軸流轉漿式水輪機轉輪的故障模式及其影響，同時也分析了預防處理這些故障的措施;通過危害度分析，找出了zz500 - lh - 1020軸流轉漿式轉輪中各個部件的危害性大小與危害性最大的部件。When the loading is constant, the abrasion heat rises as the rotating speed rises
法正常工作如負載不變時，摩擦熱隨著輪轉速的增高而增大，極限情況下甚至The work of this thesis is financially supported by the aero fund project. the main purpose is to study the aerodynamics design technology of counter - turbine, to find the question differing from the aerodynamics design of general turbine, and to provide theoretical basis for development of aeroengine. first, the design method for the counter - turbine meridional flow is developed in the present thesis, and one 1 + 1 type counter - turbine is designed using this method
本論文的工作來源於航空科學基金項目，主要是研究對轉渦輪的氣動設計方法，並通過對對轉渦輪的氣動設計與分析，搞清對轉渦輪設計的關鍵問題、發現區別于常規渦輪設計的特殊性，為今後先進軍用戰斗機發動機燃氣渦輪設計與研製奠定理論基礎。The monitoring sites and the signal types of various common faults are illustrated for early diagnosis, including misalignment or off balance of the rotor, shaft bending, loosing of a part, fluid induced vibration and damages of rolling - bearing or gear, etc
闡述了振動測試點和測量信號類型的選擇方法，給出諸如轉子不平衡、軸彎曲變形、轉子不對中、部件松動、流體誘發振動及滾動軸承、齒輪損傷等常見故障的診斷方法。Piston ring is the important accessory of the engine and turning its contour is the key procedure to ensure the performance of piston ring it has great value in economy and society that we develop the nc machining system for outer circle of piston ring to manufacture the high quality piston ring and to replace the import machine according to piston ring contour data provlded by the cad system ， it can turn the piston ring contour by controlling the displacement of servomechanism which is controlled by the angle of servo motor it uses the theories of velocity closed loop 、 dlsplacement closed loop and feed forward control to improve the control precision of system on the basis of theories of elastic mechanics and mathematics ， the cad system can provide the accurate data required by the nc machine system according to the calculation model and the parameters of piston ring this system integrates the cad cam technology
系統根據活塞環cad系統生成的介面數據，通過伺服電機的轉角位置控制自主研製的高性能微位移進給機構產生給定的位移，以完成活塞環輪廓的仿型加工。系統採用速度、位置閉環控制及前饋控制理論，以提高系統的控制精度。活塞環cad系統以彈性力學和數學方法為基礎，根據常用的計算模型與活塞環參數自動生成數控加工系統所需的精確的介面數據，實現cad / cam一體化。" since then, further testing has been carried out on test rigs back at our base in clermont - ferrand, and at calspan in buffalo, new york, where it is possible to spin tyres at very high speeds while applying specific loadings
「自那時起，我們回到了克萊蒙-費朗德的總部開始在測試平臺上展開進一步的測試，還有布法羅的卡斯潘，紐約，在那裡可以在非常高速的情況下旋轉輪胎同時適用於單位載荷。At present, load - balancing algorithms compose round _ robin, weight round _ robin, lcf, frp and so on. but most of these algorithms are static algorithms, and have n ' t been optimized, so they are n ' t adapted to heterogeneous web server cluster
目前常用負載平衡演算法有roundrobin （輪轉法） 、 weightroundrobin （加權輪轉法） 、 lcf （最少連接法）和frp （最快連接法）等，這些演算法大多屬于靜態演算法，沒有優化的策略，因而並不適合異構webserver集群。分享友人