灰色文學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [huīshǎiwénxué]
灰色文學 英文
grey literature
  • 灰 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質燃燒后剩下的粉末狀的東西） ash 2 （塵土; 某些粉末狀的東西） dust 3 （特指石灰） lime...
  • 色 : 色名詞[口語] （顏色） colour
  • 文 : Ⅰ名詞1 （字） character; script; writing 2 （文字） language 3 （文章） literary composition; wri...
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 灰色 : 1. （像木柴灰的顏色） gray; ashy 2. （頹廢失望） pessimistic; gloomy 3. （態度暖昧） obscure; ambiguous
  • 文學 : literature
  1. The research of this paper includes three parts : the first, according to the statistical figures about the cargo transport in recent years, it analyzes cargo transport structure and the changing law and the internal reason of cargo transport. at the same time it analyzes and calculates the change of the arriving ships " structure for a systematic and full understand of the transport demands. the second, it make a scientific forecast of the port ' s future cargo capacity making use of the grey forecast system, which provides scientific basis for medium - long term development plan of the port ' s cargo handling capacity

    本文研究的工作主要分三個部分：第一，根據張家港近年來有關貨物運輸的一些統計數據，對貨物運輸的結構和規模演變的規律及內在原因作一剖析，同時對到港船舶的結構變化進行預測，以求對運輸需求有一個系統全面的了解；第二，應用灰色預測系統對張家港港未來港口貨運吞吐量進行科學預測，為張家港港貨物裝卸能力規劃提供科學依據；應用物元分析技術對張家港港口的未來發展前景作出一定程度的分析、研究，找出張家港港口未來發展規劃的零散無序、不成系統的因素，總結前人經驗的基礎上採用綜合評判物元模型進行評判，在預測港口未來發展規劃是否科學實際上具有獨到見解。
  2. Using methods mixed with quantity analysis and quality analysis, such as professional estimation, analytical hierarchy process ( ahp ) and gray correlatively comprehensive appraisal. analyzed factors of the lu - mei group real property for example : politics, economy, financial affairs, infrastructure, technology, legal system, culture, and competition condition. provided the appraisal model and judgments result, which is the basis on the decision of the investor

    本文總結了近年來我國房地產開發投資環境分析的一些方法，運用專家評分法和層次分析法、灰色關聯分析法等定性和定量分析相結合的方法，對魯煤房地產開發公司擬開發的三個房地產地塊的政治、經濟、財務、市場、基礎設施、技術、法制、文化、競爭等條件進行了分析，給出了評價模型和論證結果，為解決類似的問題提供了評判模式，為投資者決策提供了科學的依據。
  3. Secondly, introducing the image analyzing technology with reference to the disadvantages of the traditional ferr - graph analysis technology, and with the combination of characteristic parameter optimizing filtration so as to raise a description method of debris micro - morphologic character. thirdly, with the application of mode recognition method, completing the process of debris auto - recognition based on the collected information of the debris configuration characteristics ; and conducting the diagnosis on the aero - engine wear faults according to the theory of particle tribology. fourthly, introducing information fusion technology to solve the problem that a single method can not collect enough fault premonitory information to conduct the wear fault diagnosis, hence to conduct the research and exploration in the field of comprehensive diagnosis on the aero - engine ' s multi - fault premonitory information

    本文的研究工作主要包括以下五個部分：首先，介紹航空發動機常見的磨損故障類型，研究磨損故障的失效機理，分析磨粒的產生機理、分類以及形態特徵：其次，針對傳統鐵譜分析技術的缺點，引入圖像分析技術，再結合特徵參數優化篩選，形成基於圖像的磨粒顯微形態學特徵描述方法：然後，基於提取到的磨粒形態特徵信息，應用模式識別方法完成磨粒自動識別，並根據顆粒摩擦學的基本原理進行航空發動機磨損故障的診斷與定位：再后，鑒于單一方法不能提取足夠的故障徵兆信息進行磨損故障診斷，本文引入信息融合技術，開展航空發動機多故障徵兆信息綜合診斷方法的研究與探索；最後，基於航空發動機滑油光譜分析與鐵譜分析數據，應用時序模型、灰色模型以及組合模型進行磨損故障的預測方法研究。
  4. Therefore, the article explores related legal issues of grey area measures briefly from different aspects of legal science, history, economy and positive analysis

    本文正是基於這種目的，運用法學的、歷史的、經濟的和實證分析的研究方法，對「灰色區域」措施的有關法律問題進行了初步探討。
  5. The thesis comprehensively deliberates stochastic and fuzzy character of controlling the cost of engineering construction ; it takes quantitative analysis as the dominant factor, takes qualitative analysis as the secondary factor, establishes an comprehensive system of controlling the cost, and make various theories, the basic principles and the methods of engineering maths in the analysis and calculation of controlling the cost of engineering construction, such as effect theory, fuzzy maths, value engineering, grey system and system simulation. it also establishes the simple and effective practical model. on the basis of practical example, it puts forwards the train of thought and method to controls the cost of engineering construction in the different stage

    本論文綜合考慮了工程造價控制的隨機性和模糊性，以定量分析為主，定性分析為輔，構造了造價控制的綜合體系，將效用理論、模糊數學、價值工程、灰色系統、計算機模擬等多種理論及工程數學的基本原理和方法應用到工程項目造價控制的分析和計算中，建立了簡便而有效的實用模型，並結合工程實例，提出來了不同階段工程造價控制的思路和方法，針對不同的情況，綜合應用定性與定量的控制方法，消除了以往工程項目造價控制只停留于項目實施階段的缺陷，提高了量化研究的水平和準確性，為政府建設管理部門進行科學管理及各建設參與單位今後進一步改進自身的項目造價管理工作提供了寶貴的理論依據。
  6. ( 3 ) the idea suggested in this paper of converting flood into utilizable resource 、 attempering flood by engineering means and supervising human behaviors in the flooded area. to overcome the various barriers arising from ideology 、 systems 、 technology and economy which the establishment of risk management system of flood will be confronted with, this paper also suggests a statistical approach to estimate extremum and the concept of gray - uncertainty risk in figuring flood risk and analyses the severe harmfulness of accidents of extremum risk, furthermore, supplements and perfects present quantity - analyzing method of risk loss

    3 、本文提出洪水資源化的觀念，以工程手段對洪水進行調節，以法律、行政、經濟、教育等綜合性的手段對人類在洪泛區中的行為進行管理，是削弱洪水的危害性、減輕洪水風險的有效方式，提高的防洪安全保障需求，實行洪水風險管理是必由之路。洪水風險管理體制的建立必然面臨觀念方面、體制方面、技術方面與經濟方面的重重障礙，並提出洪災風險評價的極值統計學方法和灰色-隨機風險率的概念，建立了其表達形式與計算方法，它完善了現有的風險損失量化方法。
  7. Clothing industry has always been one of the most important industries in china ， among china ’ s whole exports ， the clothing export has been holding the important status from this point of view, and on the basis of analyzing the history and current situation of china ’ s clothing industry, this paper points out the advantages of china ’ s clothing export with using the concerned theories of international trade in general ， china ’ s clothing trade is growing steadily ， but along with the intensify of the world clothing industry ’ s competition ， the superiority of china ’ s clothing export is becoming less and less by analyzing the main counterparts of china ’ s clothing trade ， that is the import features and trend of usa 、 eu 、 japan and hong kong ， this paper gives the main problems that china ’ s clothing industry exists at present with designing the system structure for elements of affecting the clothing requirements ， this paper uses ahp, grey 7heory and fuzzy theory to analyze the elements of affecting the clothing export and put them to order according to the degree of importance ， which scientifically proves that the main elements that affect the clothing export are the green trade barriers 、 brands and styles ， etc to counter these elements this paper supplies detailed suggestions on china ' s clothing trade management strategies these suggestions are practidal and operational ， which must have a constructive role on china ’ s clothing industry entering into the world

    本文通過分析中國服裝貿易的主要夥伴，即美國、歐盟、日本和香港的進口特點和趨勢，指出中國服裝行業目前存在的主要問題。通過設計影響服裝需求因素的體系結構，運用層次分析法、灰色模糊理論、模糊數學對影響服裝行業出口的因素進行定量化方法分析排序，科學合理地分析出影響服裝出口的主要因素為綠色貿易壁壘、晶牌和服裝款式等，並針對這些因素詳盡地提出了中國服裝貿易經營戰略的建議。這些戰略性的建議具有可行性和可操作性，必將對中國的服裝行業走向世界起到建設性的作用。
  8. Adopting the actual county - grade database of land use firstly founded in china, combining with the comprehensive influential factors of land use change, using the correlative statistic software and the mathematic analytical methods ( principal component analysis, gray relating analysis, multivariate time series markov chain analysis, multivariate regression analysis, gm ( 1, 1 ) gray model, gray series gm ( 1, n ) model methods etc ), this paper analyses the dynamic change of land use and driving force in jiang ' an county qualitatively and quantitatively. the results indicate : 1 the land resource per capita and the area of single - land - use type in jiang ' an county are not prior to other places in yibing city or sichuan province. however, the terrain is dominant in choosing the way of land use

    本文採用全國首批建立的「縣級土地利用現狀數據庫」的基礎數據，結合影響土地利用變化的經濟、社會、環境等綜合因素，採用相關分析軟體（ dps 、 spss ）和數學分析方法（主成分分析、灰色關聯度分析、多元回歸分析、多元時空序列馬爾柯夫鏈分析、 gm （ 1 ， 1 ）預測模型分析、灰色序列gm （ 1 ， n ）模型分析等方法） ，對江安縣土地利用變化及其驅動力進行定性、定量研究，研究結果表明： 1江安縣人均總的土地資源數量和單一土地利用類型的數量在宜賓或四川省區域內均無優勢；地形對土地利用方式的選擇起著主導作用；土地利用變化的總趨勢是：耕地、林地、交通用地和水域面積不斷減少，居民點及工礦用地和未利用地面積不斷增加；景觀多樣性指數呈現「 」趨勢。
  9. Eco - environment geology system is complicated and its quality has some uncertainty to people ' s acquaintance. so based on the principles of fuzzy mathematics and using exact fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and grey correlative fuzzy evaluation, the quality of eco - environment geology in the upper reaches of minjiang river is assessed in this paper

    由於生態環境地質系統的復雜性，且質量的好壞在人們的認識上具有一定的不確切性，因此，本文根據模糊數學的原理，採用確定型模糊綜合評判方法、灰色關聯模糊評價法對岷江上游生態環境地質質量進行了定量評價。
  10. This paper take comprehensive development project - " enrich farmers through water conservancy ( eftwc project ) " in pinggu district, beijing as an example or research area, to built up indexes system for evaluating such projects based on the analysis of the project ' s functions ; to evaluate the effects of eftwc project on the development of agricultural economy in research area with statistic analysis method, such as the theory of gray system and regression analysis method. the key points of this paper are focused on as following aspects : ( 1 ) the value of eco - environmental benefits of eftwc project in pinggu district is evaluated based on utility value theory and environmental economic methods such as equivalent substitution approach, opportunity cost approach, and replacement cost ap proach ; ( 2 ) the economic effects on investment are appraised with both static and dynamic cost - benefit analysis methods ; and ( 3 ) the effects of the eftwc project on the economy and society sustainability in research area are evaluated synthetically from three aspects : society development ability, economy development ability and resources and environmental capacity

    本文以北京市平谷區水利富民綜合開發工程為例，在分析了水利富民綜合開發工程功能的基礎上，建立了水利富民綜合開發工程效益價值評估的指標體系；用灰色系統理論、回歸分析等統計分析方法進行了水利富民綜合開發工程對平谷區農業經濟發展的影響評價；重點以效用價值論為理論依據，用等效替代法、機會成本法和重置成本法（恢復費用法）等環境經濟學方法，對平谷區水利富民綜合開發工程生態環境效益價值進行了評估；採用靜態和動態費用效益分析法進行了水利富民綜合開發工程投資經濟效果分析；最後從社會發展能力、經濟發展能力和資源環境承載能力3個方面進行了水利富民綜合開發工程對平谷區經濟社會可持續發展能力的綜合影響評價。
  11. This article, regarding m & a as a kind of enterprise ' s investment behavior in property right, systematic analyze and identify of the strategy risk at preparing stage, the information risk at trade stage, and the conformity risk after m & a ; establishes the multi - factors assessing model of m & a risk of enterprise and multi - goals risk deciding model of m & a risk of enterprise based on grey systematic theory, and proposes the related treating view from the angle of analysis and management of investment project risk by adopting basic principles of investment, risk economics, project risk management, strategic management and system engineering

    本文將並購視為一種企業產權投資行為，運用投資學、風險經濟學、項目風險管理學、戰略管理學和系統工程理論的基本原理，從投資項目風險分析及管理的角度，對企業並購準備階段的戰略風險、並購交易階段的信息風險和並購之後的文化整合風險等三個主要風險因素進行理論與實證分析；構建企業並購風險多因素評價模型和基於灰色系統理論的企業並購多目標風險決策模型；提出企業並購風險的分類防範建議與處理意見。
  12. The grey system theory is applied to analyze the deformation condition, structure behavior and safety behavior of dams combined mathematics, mechanics and dam engineering knowledge. in this paper, some new effective models and methods are presented. the main contents are described as follows : 1

    本文應用灰色系統理論，並結合數學、力學和壩工知識對大壩的變形狀況、結構性態和安全狀況進行了系統地分析和研究，提出了一些具有實際意義的大壩安全監控方面的新模型和新方法，其主要內容如下： 1
  13. The chinese market is moving towards the internationalization, while facing the competitor swarming forward and the opportunity of going out, chinese enterprises should set up one ' s own strategic alliances as soon as possible, strengthen the national and international competitiveness of our enterprises. of course, one series of scientific, practical method should be carried on as the theory instruct. based on both home and international studies about strategic alliances, the dissertation starts with the basic conception of the relationship management of the strategic alliance, then give an all - round explaining to the relationship management of the strategic alliance and analyze the risk factors of strategic alliance that exist in the relationship management, and then structure the grey correlation and neural network model to appraise the performance of the relationship management, and combine with realistic reasons that lead to the failure of the strategic alliances, finally use the models mentioned above to analysis a real example to distinguish the influence primary and secondary factors to relationship management of the strategic alliances and offer references to boost the rate of successful strategic alliances and improve the strategic alliances " benefit

    中國市場正在走向國際化，而對蜂擁而至的競爭者以及走出中國的新機會，中國企業應該盡快地建立起自己的企業聯盟，增強民族企業在國內外的競爭力，這需要一套科學、實用的方法進行理論指導本文在分析國內外關于戰略聯盟等理論方面的研究成果基礎上，從戰略聯盟關系管理基本概念入手，對戰略聯盟關系管理內容進行全面闡述，剖析戰略聯盟關系管理中存在的風險因素，構建戰略聯盟關系管理績效的灰色關聯評價模型和神經網路模型，並與戰略聯盟失敗的現實原因相結合，運用上述模型進行實證分析，區分了影響戰略聯盟關系管理因素的主次，為提高戰略聯盟的成功率、提高戰略聯盟效益提供了參考。
  14. Finally, the paper combined the case of litan bot project of highway, utilized the model of grey hierarchy evaluation to analyze. the paper find the scientific and feasible result of evaluate. it can provided the gist of decision - making for the project manager

    最後，本文結合了醴潭高速公路bot項目的實例，運用灰色多層次評價模型進行分析，並得出了具有科學性、可行性的評價結果，用來為項目管理者提供決策依據。
  15. After analyzing and studying the characteristics of the sequence generation of grey system theory, this paper proposes the concept of three - dimensional data sequence, extends the grey system theory from one - dimensional data sequence to three - dimensional data sequence and enlarges the application range of the theory in engineering. this paper also proposes a decomposition coefficient selection method and a partial concave - convex characteristic decision method to the preference generation, which can solve the problem that the internal point generated by the original method was inconsistent with the actual system. considering the errors existed in ends generation with step ratio and smooth ratio methods, the author proposes a tendency average generation and improves the quality of the generation greatly

    灰色建模與逆向工程兩者有其十分相似的內在關系，本文通過學科交叉，深入研究兩種不同學科理論，在繼承灰色系統理論這一我國原創性理論思想的基礎上，補充和豐富了新的內涵並將其滲透到逆向工程中的數據測量與數據處理技術的應用之中，使機械工程中甚少應用的這一灰色系統理論得到了進一步的拓展，主要成果如下: 1 .分析研究了灰色系統理論中序列生成的特點，提出了三維數據序列的概念，將灰理論的一維數據序列拓展到三維數據序列，拓寬了灰理論在工程中的應用范圍;提出了有偏生成演算法中生成系數分解選取方法和數據序列點局部凹凸特性決定生成系數的方法，解決了原有方法生成內點與實際系統不一致的現象;針對級比和光滑比用於生成端點有較大誤差的情況，提出了趨勢均值生成演算法，大大提高了端點生成的精度。
  16. It provides a scientific basis for long - run forecast of nationwide and provincial land use in the future. next, it makes relevancy analysis among cultivated land per capita, food per capita and gdp per capita and determines the relevancy by using grey mathematical method. finally, it undertakes systematical assessment of land use present situation so as to show the regional difference of land use present situation and analyzes the compartment achievement

    論文在對省區土地利用差異的理性思考的基礎上，在全國和省區層次進行土地利用的多因素分析，構建了相關的數學模型，為未來時期有關全國和省區土地利用遠景預測提供科學依據；應用灰色數學方法進行人均耕地和人均糧食佔有量與人均gdp之間關聯分析，確定其關聯度；最後進行省區土地利用現狀系統評價，顯化土地利用現狀的區域差異，並對區劃成果進行分析。
  17. And multidisciplinary design optimization ( mdo ), a new theory about complex engineering system design, is chosen as the optimization method for such a large engineering system. the main points in this paper are as follows : ( 1 ) based on the system effectiveness model from wseiac, this paper studies the corresponding factors of torpedo weapon system, and gives both its model and analysis architecture. every effectiveness index is studied and given corresponding ways of analysis

    本文的主要研究內容和成果如下： （ 1 ）運用wseiac模型，結合魚雷武器系統的作戰過程和武器系統組成的具體實際，給出了魚雷武器系統作戰效能的數學模型，構造了作戰效能分析的指標體系，並對各個作戰效能指標進行了詳細的分析和討論，給出了相應的分析和研究方法；綜合應用模糊數學和灰色理論，提出了兩種用於作戰效能評判的灰色模糊綜合評判方法；為了考慮作戰過程中的不確定因素，設計了一種作戰效能的模擬方法。
  18. In consideration of the particular structures of concrete dams and their influence on the deformation behavior of the dams, the mathematical and mechanical knowledge, such as gray system theory, fuzzy mathematics, viscoelastic plastic theory, together with the knowledge of dam engineering and structural analysis methods, are introduced into this dissertation, which performs relatively detailed study on the mathematical monitoring model of deformation, the inverse analysis of mechanical parameters of dam concrete and rock foundation, deformation procedure, abnormal symbols and the comprehensive appraisal methods of the deformation behavior of concrete dams with particular structures

    本文針對特殊結構混凝土壩的特殊結構對大壩變形的影響，應用灰色系統、模糊數學、粘彈塑性力學等理論，結合壩工理論和結構分析方法，對特殊結構混凝土壩的變形監控模型、參數的反演、變形過程和轉異特徵以及大壩變形性態綜合評價方法等進行了分析研究。
  19. One of the pioneering projects here was one that jim gray at microsoft research did looking at how different databases with astronomical data could be brought together so that a researcher who wanted to pose a theory or explore data patterns about observations of different galaxies could do that without going to each of those individual databases

    一那在這里提倡計畫是他哪一吉姆在研究做看著的微軟變灰色有天文學的數據不同的數據庫可以如何被一起帶來以便一個研究員想要擺姿勢一個理論或者探究數據式樣有關不同的銀河觀察的事可以不去每一個那些個別的數據庫而做那。
  20. The forecast and research of this paper about the port ' s cargo handling capacity, is based on the port ' s production characteristic, it puts grey forecast theory into the port ' s future cargo handling capacity and checks the forecast result. grey forecast theory is more scientific, reasonable and practical in using of historical counting material compare with traditional forecast theory. it avoids man - made influence in practical works

    本文對港口吞吐量的預測研究，是根據港口生產的特點，應用了灰色理論來對吞吐量進行預測，並對預測結果進行檢驗，與傳統的預測方法相比，在應用歷史統計資料上更具有科學性、合理性和實用性，避免了實際工作中的人為因素影響，對張家港港口發展提供有益的參考，具有一定的現實意義。
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