相對近點 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiāngduìjìndiǎn]
相對近點 英文
relative near points
  • 相 : 相Ⅰ名詞1 （相貌; 外貌） looks; appearance 2 （坐、立等的姿態） bearing; posture 3 [物理學] （相位...
  • 對 : Ⅰ動詞1 （回答） answer; reply 2 （對待; 對付） treat; cope with; counter 3 （朝; 向; 面對） be tr...
  • 近 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （空間或時間距離短） near; close 2 （接近） approaching; approximately; close to 3 （親...
  • 點 : Ⅰ名詞1 （液體的小滴） drop （of liquid） 2 （細小的痕跡） spot; dot; speck 3 （漢字的筆畫「、」）...
  • 相對 : 1. （面對面） opposite; face to face 2. （非絕對的） relative 3. （比較的） relatively; comparatively
  1. The complex nonlinear pursuit - evasion model of two spacecraft in near - earth coplanar orbit is simplified to linear model, the circular region the radius of which is equal to capture radius is defined as target set, capture is achieved when the evader come into the target set and the game is over ; the boundary of useable part ( bup ) is determined, and the analytical form solution of the linear equations is obtained by backward integration of the state variables from the bup, the linear barrier of the pursuit - evasion model and the optimum thrust of the both sides are thus obtained

    本文將近地共面軌道內運動的兩飛行器非線性追逃模型簡化為線性模型，以捕獲半徑的圓域定為目標集，確定目標集邊界上的可用部分，並以此為各狀態變量的起點，對時間進行倒向積分，求得線性方程組的解析解，從而確定了該追逃模型的線性界柵，以及界柵上對策雙方的最優推力，即求得了滿足最優策略時相對運動的軌跡和推力。
  2. A new learning algorithm of the continue wavelet networks parameters is proposed, that is, hybrid parameters learning algorithm. the parameters of wavelet networks are divided into two parts, and different methods are used to training them. compare to the traditional parameters learning method, the new method proposed in this paper has the advantages of rapid convergence speed and high approximation capability

    提出了連續小波網路的混和參數訓練方法，將小波網路參數分為小波系數和網路權值兩部分，對這兩部分參數分別採用不同的方法進行訓練，這一新的訓練方法相對于傳統的小波網路參數訓練方法來說具有收斂速度快，逼近精度高等優點。
  3. The fifth part makes some critical remarks concerning influences of kilpatrick on modern china education, analyzing the causes : both america and china had the same deficits of neglecting children in education, desiring for the new teaching methods, the transformation of china ' s intellectuals minds in the time, the charming force of kilpatrick ' s speech and teaching method, propaganda of his former students in columbia university

    第五部分，作了幾點評析。肯定克伯屈對近現代中國教育產生了相當大的影響。究其原因在於：其時的美國和中國教育中都存在忽視兒童的弊端；二者對新式教學方法都很青睞；中國知識分子觀念的適時轉變；克伯屈本人的教學魅力及克伯屈舊日學生的推波助瀾。
  4. A novel phase - shifted zero - voltage and zero - current switching pwm dc / dc full - bridge converter is presented in this thesis, which is based on the groundwork of summarization of the development of power electronics in recent years and lucubration in theoretical basis of modern high frequency soft switching power convert technique and analysis of operation principle, characteristic of the circuit and inherent drawbacks of the traditional phase - shifted zero - voltage switching pwm dc / dc full - bridge converter

    本文在對近年來電力電子學科的發展高度綜述和對現代高頻軟開關功率變換技術理論基礎深入研究的基礎上，對傳統的移相控制zvspwmdc dc全橋變換器的工作原理、電路特性、存在的缺點進行了分析，在此基礎上提出了一種改進型的移相控制zvzcspwmdc dc全橋變換器。
  5. The primary causes of the regime shortage are the state monopoly and the state control over the education. the primary cause of the structure shortage is that the budgetary appropriations are not in favor of the compulsory education and the underdeveloped district. then this article puts forward some suggestion to alleviant these kinds of educational shortage : to raise the repay of human capital ; to initiate a system of public financial regulation ; to increase the government appropriation for education ; to relax the state control over education ; to improve the form of the financial transference expenditure, and so on

    總量性短缺的成因主要是我國人口多、經濟發展水平低，教育投資資本邊際效率遞減趨勢、教育投資預期收益相對偏低等；財政性短缺的主要成因是在國家加快推進工業化特別是優先發展重工業的戰略下，政府財政支出的重點必然傾向物質生產部門，而近二十年的財政制度創新都因利益格局的剛性只能作有限突破等；體制性短缺的成因主要是政府壟斷阻礙各類要素往教育領域的流入等；結構性短缺的成因主要是分級分權撥款體制無法保證教育投資的公平等。
  6. Backed up by the soplat theory based on particle kinematics, the second chapter of this paper presents with analysis and simulation of several single observer passive measurement models, which uses such relative movement parameters as bearings changing rates and centrifugal acceleration information on the basis of bearings measurements. in the third chapter, the observability of location respectively using bearings and its changing rates information and centrifugal acceleration information is analyzed, and its observable condition is got. the fourth chapter puts forward the modified covariance extended kalman filtering ( mvekf ) against the defect of traditional extended kalman filtering ( ekf ), whose performance is simultaneously compared in the chapter with the performance of ususal tracking algorithm such as ekf, mgekf, iekf by computer simulation

    在近年來提出的基於質點運動學原理的單站無源定位理論基礎上，本文第二章提出了幾種在角度測量的基礎上增加角度變化率及相對運動的離心加速度等運動學參數的單站無源測量模型，並對它們進行了分析和模擬；第三章分別對利用角度及其變化率信息定位和利用離心加速度信息定位的可觀測性進行分析並得到了相應的可觀測條件；第四章針對傳統擴展卡爾曼（ ekf ）方法的缺點，提出了一種修正協方差的擴展卡爾曼濾波（ mvefk ）方法，並將其和ekf 、 mgekf 、 iekf等常用的單站無源定位濾波方法進行了性能模擬比較；第五章通過引入雷達機動目標跟蹤方法和模型，提出了利用角度及其變化率對機動輻射源跟蹤的多級噪聲自適應方法和imm方法；第六章主要對角度變化率和離心加速度參數的獲取技術進行了研究，提出了幾種高精度測量脈沖序列多普勒頻率變化率的方法。
  7. The incident wave height h1 / 3 is in the range from 0. 1m to 0. 25m, and the peak period tp in the range from 1. 0s to 2. 0s. the ratio of s / h1 / 3, which refers to the subface level of wharf deck ( s ) to the incident wave height ( h1 / 3 ), is between - 0. 1 and 0. 7. three different shore connecting types : open - piled, permeable slope with armored 1ayer of dolosse b locks and impermeable slope with armored layer of concrete plate, are set in the experiment for the research on the effects of boundary condition with different shore connecting types on the wave impact

    本文的物理模型試驗在大連理工大學海岸和近海工程國家重點實驗室的大波流水槽中進行，試驗中選用的隨機波靶譜為改進的jonswap譜，入射波波高h _ （ 1 / 3 ）范圍為0 . 1m 0 . 25m ，譜峰周期t _ p范圍為1 . 0s 2 . 0s ，碼頭面板的相對凈空（碼頭面板底面距離靜水面的距離s與入射波波高h _ （ 1 / 3 ）的比值）范圍為- 0 . 1 0 . 7 ，其中s / h _ （ 1 / 3 ）為負值時表示碼頭面板底面位於靜水面以下。
  8. It point out that to make breakthrough in curb speculation in the field of pension insurance, scientific, effective and binding pension insurance system should be designed. study is made in light of china ' s actual situation. first, performances and causes analysis of china ’ s pension insurance speculation actual speculative activities in the field of pension insurance are as follows : 1, a large number of units ( enterprises ) don ’ t make the pension insurance registration according to regulations, all - member or part - of - member are out of registration, maliciously evade insurance

    我國目前養老保障體制建設尚未健全和完善，養老保險領域投機行為問題已成為不容忽視的重要問題，為治理和防範養老保險領域投機行為問題，本文通過對近年來國家在東北老工業基地社會保險試點工作的改革，尤其是養老金計發辦法的調整，指出治理養老保險領域投機行為的關鍵因素，進一步提出治理養老保險領域投機行為的突破口在於養老保險制度設計的科學性、效益性和約束性，並結合我國實際情況進行相應的對策研究。
  9. Advantages, disadvantages and limits of arm are thoroughly examined using signal processing methods. based on the above, incoherent and coherent two - point - source decoy methods and modified coherent two - point - source decoy methods to deflect arm are brought forward. arm ’ s homing heads are generally of mono - pulse structure, so coherent two - point - source ’ s interference resembles that to mono - pulse radar except that interference to radar belongs to far field scope, but interference to arm varies from far field to near field because relative distance drastically changes between the homing head and the two - point - source with missile ’ s homing head continually approaching the target

    Arm的導引頭一般為單脈沖體制，因此，相干兩點源對導引頭的干擾類同於對單脈沖雷達的干擾，不同的是:對雷達的干擾都是遠場，而導引頭隨著導彈不斷接近目標，兩點源與導引頭的相對位置發生劇烈變化，由遠場變化到近場;導引頭天線口面上的合成場也發生了大的變化，相位波前的畸變產生干擾，這就是相干兩點源誘偏的基本思想。
  10. Private equity groups are clinching deals that have relatively small takeover premiums to their targets ' recent share price highs, a survey will reveal today, adding weight to complaints that investors are being short - changed in leveraged buy - outs

    一項調查今天將顯示，私人股本集團在近來敲定的交易中，只支付了較目標公司近期股價高點相對較低的收購溢價，這為人們的抱怨增加了砝碼，即：投資者在杠桿收購中所得到的好處被打了折扣。
  11. Presents the development of modern signal processing techniques, a new implementation method which realizes quadrature coherent detection by direct sampling of if signal generated during the implementation of traditional quadrature coherent detection with analog elements in the form of two parallel baseband channels where in phase ( i ) and quadrature ( q ) components of ceived if singnal where, the imperfect matching of the separate channels due to the analog elements results in high phase and amplitude which meets the needs for high performance radar signal processing, the elementary principles and the implementation process for each method and concludes from simulation results to compare their features and application conditions that the new approach can satisfy of the requirements of high performance sp

    針對近年來提出的通過直接中頻采樣來實現正交相干檢波的方法，分析了其基本實現原理，並用統一的觀點解釋了迄今為止國內外基於此提出的各種實現方法；對每一實現方法的基本原理和實現過程都作了分析，並給出了計算機模擬結果；在此基礎上比較了各方法的性能指標及適應條件.理論分析和模擬結果證明，這一方法完全可以滿足高性能信號處理的要求
  12. Helan shan is located in the northwest of china, 37. 0 - 3 9. 6 n. and 105. 3 - 106. 8 e. its altitude ranges from 1 600m to 3 556m. the cosmo politan genera and species of higher fungi from helan shan amount to 64. 1 % and 1 9. 8 % respectively. most of them are saprophytic taxa of broad physiological adap tability. the genera belonging to the boreal areal type make up 35. 9 %, and species 52. 7 %, which indicates that the higher fungi flora of the helan shan are dominan ted by boreal elements. no tropical genera and species have been found there. the elements of europe - asia add up to 11. 5 %, while the elements of east asia - north america amount to 9. 9 % which shows close relationship of fungi between the helan shan and the above two regions. the elements of china - japan amount to 3. 1 %, whic h reflects some relations of higher fungi between china and japan. few elements e ndemic to helan shan were found but with further investigation and study, it is p ossible to find some considering its isolated geographic location and varied top ography

    賀蘭山高等真菌區系地理成分中，世界性分佈屬佔64 . 1 % 、種佔19 . 5 ，他們多為適應性強的腐生菌類;歐亞北美分佈屬佔35 . 9 % 、種佔52 . 7 % ，未發現熱帶分佈的屬或種，充分顯示出該地區真菌以北溫帶分佈成分為主的特點;歐亞分佈種佔11 . 5 % ，東亞北美分佈種佔9 . 9 % ，表明該地區真菌區系與歐洲、北美洲的密切聯系;中國&日本分佈種佔3 . 1 % ，可見本地區和日本在真菌區繫上也有著聯系;本地區特有成分較少，但從賀蘭山特殊的地理位置、相對孤立的山體和復雜的地形分析，隨研究工作的深入，很可能有一些山的分佈的特有成分被發現.賀蘭山真菌區系成分與鄰近的內蒙古大青山相比較，共有種多達57種，而與地處亞熱帶向熱帶過渡的湖南莽山相比較，共有種僅有12種，更進一步說明本地區深居北溫帶，真菌區系以泛北極成分為主的特色
  13. An algorithm for detecting moving ir point target in complex background is proposed, which is based on the reverse phase feature of neighborhood ( rpfn ) of target in difference between neighbor frame images that two positions of the target in the difference image are near and the gray values of them are close to in absolute value but with inverse sign. firstly, pairs of points with rpfn are detected in the difference image between neighbor frame images, with which a virtual vector graph is made, and then the moving point target can be detected by the vectors ' sequence cumulated in vector graphs. in addition, a theorem for the convergence of detection of target contrail by this algorithm is given and proved so as to afford a solid guarantee for practical applications of the algorithm proposed in this paper. finally, some simulation results with 1000 frames from 10 typical images in complex background show that moving point targets with snr not lower than 1. 5 can be detected effectively

    基於運動點目標在鄰幀差分圖像中所具有的近鄰反相特徵，即運動點目標的兩個位置相鄰近、灰度值一正一負，提出一種在復雜背景下，基於紅外序列圖像的運動點目標檢測演算法.本演算法利用該特徵在鄰幀差分圖像中檢測反相點對，進而構造反相點對矢量圖，最後依據累積反相點對矢量圖中多矢量首位相接的連續性檢測出運動的點目標.文中給出並證明應用本演算法能以概率1檢測到運動點目標的收斂性定理.對典型復雜背景下10幅1000幀圖像的模擬結果表明，當信噪比大於或等於1 . 5時，可以有效檢測出運動點目標
  14. In the final part we concern with the convergence rates of ergodic limits and approximation for k - regularized resolvent families for a linear volterra integral equation. we give the ergodicty for k - regularized resolvent operator families at 0 and we also prove their basic properties by means of k - functional and relative completion. finally, we obtain some results of the convergence rates of ergodic limits and approximation for k - regularized resolvent families

    第四章我們主要研究了k -正則預解運算元族的遍歷極限的收斂率和逼近。藉助于k -泛函和相對完備化，給出了k -正則預解運算元族在0點的遍歷性，證明了一些基本性質。我們也證明了k -正則預解運算元族的遍歷極限的收斂率和逼近的一些結果。
  15. Soil springs are used around the pipe including vertical, lateral and axial soil springs to consider the interaction between the pipeline and the surrounding soil. the pipe segment near fault that usually suffers large deformation is modeled with a plastic shell element in order to consider the effect of local buckling and section deformation. to reduce the calculating time of the whole model, an equivalent spring proposed by the author is applied at two ends of the shell model

    為了解決現有的殼單元方法需要大量計算機時的缺點，本論文首次從理論上把離斷層較遠管土之間相對變形較小的管子直線段部分的變形等效為一個非線性彈簧，將此等效邊界引入到有限元模型中，使得模型中的殼單元部分主要用來分析我們所感興趣的在斷層附近發生大變形的管段，從而達到節約計算時間的目的。
  16. In view of the birth of plant tissue culture research institutions in all parts of the country in succession and tissue culture industry investment upsurge in recent years, this paper superficially analysed the application prospects and limitations of the woody plant tissue culture technique in the scientific research and production from the aspects of woody plant tissue culture technique characteristics, present industrialization situation, existing problems and solutions, etc., which provides the references for developing the test - tube fast - propagation technique and studies in the commercial application field in our country better, predicting the benefit of popularization and application of woody plant tissue culture technique in the forestry production as well as avoiding the blind investment risk

    摘要針對近年來全國各地植物組培研究機構的相繼誕生和組培產業投資熱潮，從木本植物組培技術特點、產業化現狀、存在的問題及解決的方法等方面，淺析木本植物組織培養技術在科研與生產中的應用前景與局限，為廣大科技工作者更好地發展我國試管快繁技術和商業應用領域的研究，客觀正確預測木本植物組培技術在林業生產中推廣應用的效益及避免盲目投資風險提供參考。
  17. From the research of ijf - oqpsk, we draw the conclusion that, compared with bpsk, qpsk and msk modems, in the band - limited and non - linear channel, it has nearly constant envelope, less spectral spreading, better pe performance and the less interference of the adjacent channel, et. so, it is more suitable for the satellite communication channel

    通過對ijf ? oqpsk的分析研究可知，它相對于傳統的bpsk和qpsk調制方式，在帶限非線性通道下，具有包絡近似恆定，頻譜擴展小， eb no惡化小，對鄰道產生干擾弱等優點，因而它更適合於衛星通道。
  18. An optimizing arithmetic for calculating the best - fit sphere is also proposed, the result shows better accuracy is reached comparing to " three points method ", from 107. 8umrms to 25. 66umrms. during interferometric optics test with null lens, " nonlinear errors " of the testing coordinates will be introduced. a method based on ray - tracing, nonlinear fitting and coordinate transferring is proposed to eliminate these errors

    在ccos控制模型及理論計算方面，提出了一種適用於高次離軸非球面最接近球面計算的優化演算法，經計算，某矩形離軸非球面最接近球面半徑的求解精度較傳統的「三點法」有了較大的提高，理論加工余量由原來的107 . 8umrms降低到25 . 66umrms ；提出一種基於磨頭與工件的相對位移量的控制模型，並且開發了阻尼卷積迭代演算法，引入「虛擬加工」的概念進行迭代求解和參數評價。
  19. First, the basic theory of the competitiveness is analyzed, evaluating indexes which conclude relative and absolute indexes basic on the last literatures are set up. second, because the data are too many and computing time is too long, the competitiveness of science and technology of 30 areas are clustered using fuzzy clustering model, the areas of the whole nation are clustered several kinds and we can draw some conclusions of same kind. evaluating the competitiveness using single model can produce white noise, so combinational models which concluding neural network, fuzzy theory and genetic algorithm are brought forward to evaluate the competitiveness of areas which are in the same kind with fujian province in the test

    本文首先分析科技競爭力的基本理論，並根據以往研究科技競爭力文獻，建立包含絕對指標和相對指標的評價科技競爭力評價指標體系，其次，針對評價福建省科技競爭力在全國范圍內的排名情況數據較多，計算時間較長的具體情況，利用模糊神經網路模型對全國30個省市自治區科技競爭力水平進行聚類分析，將科技競爭力水平接近的地區聚為一類，得出科技競爭力水平相近地區情況，而後，針對已有文獻科技競爭力評價只是利用單一模型可能產生噪聲，影響評價結果，並且主觀性較強的缺點，本文將神經網路、模糊數學、遺傳演算法等智能演算法組合，利用組合評價模型對福建省和與福建省同在一類的其它地區的科技競爭力水平進行橫向、縱向評價，得出福建省在全國范圍內的科技競爭力水平排名。
  20. Phylogenetic relationships among these haplotypes were inferred from a minimum spanning network, which was constructed by the computer software minispnet, and two phylogenetic reconstructions were determined by using maximum likelihood algorithm incorporated in the phylogenetic inference package ( phylip ) version 3. 5c and neighbour joining algorithm incorporated in the software molecular evolution genetic analysis ( mega ) version 2. 0. all these methods exclusively divided the haplotypes into three monophyletic clades corresponding to china mainland, northern japan, and southern japan populations respectively. in these populations, the china mainland population and the southern japan population have a relatively closer affinity than either of them with the northern japan population

    最小跨度網路圖（ minimumspanningnetwork ， msn ）和基於最大似然法（ maximumlikelihood ， ml ）和鄰接法（ neighborjoining ， nj ）的系統發生分析均把單元型聚類為對應于中國大陸、日本南部和日本北部的三個單系，其中中國大陸和日本南部梅花鹿有相對較近的親緣關系，支持日本梅花鹿的祖先通過至少兩個大陸橋從亞洲遷移到日本的觀點。
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