立法性條約 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lìfǎxìngtiáoyāo]
立法性條約 英文
legislative treaty
  • 立 : 動1 （站） stand; remain in an erect position 2 （使豎立; 使物件的上端向上） erect; stand; set up...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 條 : Ⅰ名詞1 （細長的樹枝） twig 2 （條子） slip; strip 3 （分項目的） item; article 4 （層次; 秩序; 條...
  • 約 : 約動詞[口語] （用秤稱） weigh
  • 立法 : legislation立法程序 legislative process [procedure]; 立法創制權 legislative initiative; 立法調查 ...
  • 條約 : convention; treaty; pact
  1. The other legislation issue of private investment company is whether we need extra regulations for the identified private investment company in china and whether we can make some guidance in order to reduce bargaining cost

    私募基金立法的另一個問題是，對於我們認定的私募基金，在我國目前條件下，除依賴社會信用體系和投資者的自我契約保護，法律是否還需做必要的強行性規定？
  2. In the last part of this paper, the author studies the legal principles of the exemption of fund manager and exemption clauses widely inserted in the trusts contracts. upon the analysis, the author suggests that lawmakers of our country regulate such exemption clauses from the legal points so that the interests of the investors can be better protected

    文章最後，筆者分析了基金管理人免責的法理基礎並進一步對基金實務中廣泛存在的基金契約免責條款出了初步研究，建議立法者應就該種免責條款的有效性從法律上加以規范，從而更好地保護處於弱勢地位的投資人的利益。
  3. ( 2 ) on the one hand because lacks the concrete working instruction which cause the state department fail to supervise judicial department ' s behavior, on the other hand the judicial department specially in local judicial department resists the state department ' s surveillance at the excuse of law independence ( 3 ) in the view of present judicial department ' s management system, organizations, the working routine and the personnel composes, our legal system also has many problems. according to the request from the party to rule a nation by law at fifteenth national congress, the judicial reform should be considered from following aspects. first, the goal judicial reform is to strengthen judicial independence fatherly ; secondly, judicial authority must by emphasized during the judicial reform ; thirdly, judicial unity must be strengthened ; fourthly, consummates the way and procedure of trial ; fifthly, establishes a specialized judicial system, diligently improves judge ' s troop quality roundly

    我國現行的司法制度是在政治上奉行「以階級斗爭為綱」 ，在經濟上實行高度集權的計劃經濟的特定歷史條件下逐步建立和發展起來的，主要存在三大弊端： （一）從司法機關與其他國家機關或組織的關繫上看，司法機關在人、財、物等方面受制於其他國家機關和組織，特別是由於地方司法機關受制於地方政府、地方權力機關和地方黨委，由此導致了司法權的地方化； （二）從對司法機關進行制約與監督的機制上看，一方面由於缺乏具體的操作規程致使根據黨的十五大提出的「依法治國」的要求，司法改革應從以下幾方面考慮:第一，司法改革的目標是進一步增強司法的獨立性;第二，司法改革應當強調司法的權威性;第三，應當強化司法的統一性;第四，完善審判方式和程序;第五，建立法律職業的專業化制度，努力提高法官的整體隊伍素質。
  4. Last part, through analysis the situation of china and the special character of electronic commerce, a few suggestions are made by compare the rules of china with other countries and internationa l conventions

    最後，通過對各國及國際條約的比較研究，結合電子商務的特性及我國的實際情況，本文對我國的電子商務國際管轄權問題，提出了幾點立法建議。
  5. In the united states, international treaties present at least four distinctive forms, and article vi, section ii of the us constitution adopts them wholesale as the supreme law of the land ; nevertheless, since 1829 the courts have come to distinguish the self - executing and non - self - executing treaties, but a large volume of cases and commentaries have controversy and confusion on the differential criteria, which has fallen into four categories in this article : intent, constitutionality, justiciability and private right of action

    首先， 《美國憲法》第六條第二款將在國內至少表現為四種不同形式的國際條約作為整體一攬子采納為全國最高的法律；但自從1829年，其司法實踐中開始區分自動執行與非自動執行兩種類型的條約，前者無須進一步採取立法或行政上的措施就能直接適用，後者反之。大量的案例和評論對於二者的區分標準充滿了爭論與困惑，本文將其分為意圖、合憲性、司法性和私人訴權四類並加以分析和評價。
  6. On the background of globalization of economy, the action of restricting competition is rising increasingly in the world, which severely obstruct liberalization of trade and investment while world trade liberalization pace speed up. in view of authoritative competition regulation which regulate enterprises ’ internationally restricting competition action have not set up yet, most countries adopt the extraterritorial application of anti - monopoly law to prevent international monopoly effectively, with a purpose to protect the domestic market to develop healthily and orderly. by exploring the fundamental problems in extraterritorial application of anti - monopoly law and theoretical and practical experience of all countries in the world, the thesis further discusses the mode of our country in the field

    本文分四部分對反壟斷法的域外適用問題進行說明:文章首先從反壟斷法域外適用的基本問題入手，介紹反壟斷法域外適用問題的產生及其必然性，簡要描述國際法協會紐約年會上所確認的三種反壟斷法域外適用理論依據的涵義、內容及彼此之間的區別;其次對美國、歐盟在反壟斷法域外適用方面的實踐進行優缺評析，指出設置反壟斷法的域外適用條款已經成為世界反壟斷立法的普遍趨勢;然後論述反壟斷法域外適用過程中產生的沖突及對沖突進行協調的方法;最後對我國反壟斷法域外適用應採用的模式進行探討，說明我國設立反壟斷法域外適用制度的必然性和總體思路，明確我國反壟斷法域外適用制度應包括的內容以及保障域外適用制度順利實施所應建立的配套機構。
  7. The choice of law for bill of lading is quite different from that for charter party. this paper explores the validity of jurisdiction clause and arbitration clause in bill of lading as well as the incorporation of charter party arbitration clause in the bill of lading which are controversial both in legal theory and judicial practice. at the end, the paper points out loopholes in the current maritime legislation and suggests making supplementary regulations in this area

    本文在比較世界各國、國際公約和我國實踐的基礎上，分別對班輪提單管轄權條款的效力、班輪提單仲裁條款的效力和租約仲裁條款併入提單進行了探討，指出我國在這方面立法上的缺漏，建議今後在海事立法時作出補充性的規定，以統一實踐中的做「法，維護法制的統一。
  8. This article has been divided into five chapters, the contents of five chapters respectively are : the contents of the first chapter are about pollution compensation that oil leakage of the ships lead to in " maritime law " ; the contents of the second chapter are about delay delivery of the goods in " maritime law " ; the contents of the third chapter are about the cargo lien that the marine carriers have in " maritime law " ; the contents of the fourth chapter are about the rights that the shippers can change and terminate the contract unilaterally in " maritime law " ; the contents of the fifth chapter are about the limitation of liability for maritime claims system in " maritime law ". the contents of each chapter of this article are about a flaw of " maritime law ". as a result of the limit of article length and the limit of author ability, it is impossible to analyze the article of " maritime law " gradually, the article is only about five quite important flaws of " maritime law " to form five chapters, then we will introduce them gradually

    但是，隨著我國加入wto ，國際貿易和海上運輸迅速的發展， 《海商法》在實施中暴露出很多不足。因此，有必要遵循科學性、適時性和法制統一性等立法的基本原則，對《海商法》及時進行修改。筆者認為，應當認真總結《海商法》成功的經驗和失敗的教訓，從目前和今後一個時期海上和與海相通的內陸水域的運輸和經濟貿易的現實和發展對法律的需要出發，參照和借鑒其他民商立法、國際海事條約、民間規則和合同格式，以及國外先進的立法例，吸收海商法理論研究成果，並考慮國際海事立法的發展趨勢，在船舶油污損害賠償的規定，遲延交付的規定，海上貨物留置權的規定，托運人變更解除合同權利的規定，海事賠償責任限制制度的規定等幾個方面修改現行《海商法》 。
  9. We know that most of the wto members are developing countries, who play a very important role in the disputes settlement process. since developing countries are not as strong and powerful as developed countries, in trade war they will be in a disadvantageous state. while the dsb especially the appellate process provides a good opportunity for developing countries to solve disputes with developed countries on a comparatively fair base

    簡單介紹了上訴機構成員特別是來自發展中國家成員，分析了由於發展中國家的參與，上訴機構成立以來對wto很多法律問題，如條約的解釋、舉證責任、復審標準、私人律師在爭端解決機制中的代表權等程序性問題和實際做法作出了裁決。
  10. In the text, the author discusses the methods and perspective of study on the subject of this paper in detail, then studies the sources of iel and other sources of research on the science of iel individually. in the conclusion, the author makes a conclusion of this paper. the text of this paper is divided into four chapters

    國際經濟法學的研究資源中的國際經濟法淵源包括國際經濟條約、習慣國際經濟法、具有立法權的國際組織或國際組織機構制定或通過的規范性法律文件;其他的非國際經濟法淵源的國際經濟法學的研究資源則包括國際貿易慣例、各國涉外經濟法、軟法、學說與判例。
  11. By citing cases such as " scottish red grouse ", the relationship of art. 30 and art. 36 of rome conventions was cleared. and proportionality test was specially mentioned

    就歐盟的立法協調和司法協調進行評析，通過「德國酒案」和「蘇格蘭紅松雞案」明確了羅馬條約第30條和第36條的關系，提出了比例性測試方法。
  12. The spirit of civil law concerns more individual benefit, rather than entire increment benefit of society. the law substance of the united states ’ exclusion approval of kyoto protocol is that, it, with the view of it ’ s sustainable increase of increment benefit, acknowledge civil law spirit and negative economy law spirit in international environmental protection domain, regardless of the increment benefit of the whole world ( particularly developing country ) we should permeate the international environmental protection cause with the reinforcement of economic law spirit in the international environment treaty. the several aspects followed are analyzed in the text, the punitive compensation is one kind of economic law duty form of independence, and the system of punitive compensation

    我們要以強化國際環境條約中的經濟法精神滲透來推動國際環境保護事業。本文在以下幾個方面進行了探討，懲罰性賠償是一種獨立的經濟法責任形式，應當將懲罰性賠償制度引入到國際環境條約中。在國際環境條約中賦與法人和自然人起訴權，可以更好的保護法人和自然人的合法權益;另外注重聯合國和國際環境非政府組織的作用，促進國際環境條約的發展，以此來推動國際環境保護事業，保障人類的發展與公平，促進人類整體增量利益的可持續發展。
  13. The paper also conducted cost and benefit analysis that indicates the protection cost is very much higher in ipr protection in agriculture in china as compared with other countries such as the us and other western countries, this is a very important restricting factor for the patent and pvp application in china. besides, the paper also discussed the possibilities of the unified system like pct and upov for ipr applications to minimize the cost of application and maintainence. with support of survey data and developed models, the papers conclude with the priority area for ipr protection in agriculture in order is as follows : pvp, patent, trade secret, and trade marks

    同時，在大量檢索和設計調查問卷的基礎上，對我國農業知識產權保護的成本和效益進行理論分析，在對比其他國家專利和新品種保護成本的基礎上，分析出我國申請農業知識產權保護的成本和被侵權后的司法訴訟成本過高，影響了我國農業知識產權的申請和保護；此外，文章還就建立類似專利合作條約（ pct ）性質的國際植物新品種保護公約，以期在多國專利同時申請方面實現帕累托最優原則進行了理論探討，在此基礎上，文章進一步對比分析實施農業知識產權保護規則對我國農業技術貿易特別是國外直接投資可能帶來的影響進行，結果表明，強化農業知識產權保護，發展中國家會增加農業技術和產品的進口，發展中的大國更是如此；文章在調查問卷的基礎上提出了我國農業知識產權方面存在的問題和今後農業知識產權保護的目標體系和優先領域，農業知識產權保護的優先順序依次為：新品種、專利、商業秘密、商標和原產地。
  14. Chapter i expounds the fundamental theory on the interpretation of treaties, including the definition and classification of the interpretation of treaties, the main doctrines on the interpretation of treaties in international law academic, presents and comments on the relevant provisions regarding the interpretation of treaties of vienna convention on the law of treaties ( 1969 ), analyzes the special significance of the issue of the treaties " interpretation in the wto system, elucidates the system of the interpretation of the wto agreements and analyzes the interrelation between the legislative interpretation and judicial interpretation

    本文主文分四章：第一章闡述了關于國際條約解釋的基本理論，包括條約解釋的概念、分類，國際法學界關于條約解釋的主要學說、學派，對1969年《維也納條約法公約》關于條約解釋的規定作出述評，分析了條約解釋問題在wto體制中的特殊重要性，闡述了wto的條約解釋體制，分析了wto立法解釋和司法解釋之間的相互關系。
  15. Part v demonstrates in detail the issue of coordination of intellectual property law conflict and makes an analysis on the various approaches of conflict laws and substantial laws in country, regional, multilateral / global levels. part vi concludes the trends of coordination on conflict across modern international investment laws. the substantial law approaches should be enhanced

    最後一部分是結束語，對當代國際投資法律沖突的協調的趨勢進行了總結，提出了對國際投資的法律沖突要加強實體法協調的見解，認為實體法協調應順從全球性多邊統一實體法方法的大趨勢，但又指出這是一個漸進的過程，而且在建立全球綜合性多邊投資條約的過程中應特別注意達到南北利益的平衡。
  16. To standardize thi s means of psc inspection and to increase its vitality and to fulfill the purpose of protecting the life at sea & preventing the sea pollution and also to pursue the value of the relative laws of the port state and the international conventions, the thesis made the following research and study : the stardy on the conventions and resolutions of the international maritime organizations, and choosing the relative clauses and content from the convention which is related to the port state control ; summing up the laws and the procedures on which the port state control was based ; conparison on the application and the limitations of the conwentions in deferent port state ; analysis on the technical specifications of the psc inspection ; discussion on the questions met carrying out the psc inspection ; the duties and the rights of the relative parties under the present psc legal systerm ; discussion on the urgency and necessity of the legislation

    本文通過對國際海事組織相關的公約和決議的學習，擇取公約中與港口國監督相關的條款和內容；綜合港口國監督的法律依據，港口國監督的程序；比較各公約在港口國監督實施的適用情況、制約性；分析港口國監督檢查的技術規范；探討研究在實施港口國監督過程中遇到的問題；討論目前港口國監督法律體系相關利益群體的權利和義務；論述港口國監督立法的緊迫性和必要性；以期規范這種監督手段，增強生命力，真廳達到保障海人命安全和聽止海洋污染的l ； l的，追求港！囚監督法規及公約等國際法規的價值。
  17. The teachers are still statutory employed by the education department at the country level or above. the traditional civil service relationship between the teachers and the state were not altered but were given some new characteristics with a view to encouraging secondary and primary school teachers to do better and more creative work. the teacher contracts are more like administrative or public contracts than labor contracts or civil contracts

    在法理上，縣級以上教育行政機關聘任教師並由國家負擔教師工資、確保教師福利待遇實際上是保留了教師與國家的公務關系；教師與教育行政機關在合意的基礎上締結聘任合同，約定除教育教學等國家立法規定之外的工作條件，這類合同具有行政合同的性質而非勞動合同或民事合同。
  18. The purpose of this manual is to provide authoritative guidance to military personnel on the customary and treaty law applicable to the conduct of warfare on land and to relationships between belligerents and neutral states

    本手冊之目的在提供交戰雙方與中立國軍事人員基於慣例法與條約，適用於海戰與空戰之戰爭行為威權性之指引。
  19. China ' s current legislation on the act of investigation has flaws such as rough provisions, unripe techniques, imperfect structure, and current laws of china entrust investigative organs strong power of investigation which has not been necessarily, reasonably and effectively restricted. as a result, investigative organs are at random in implementing the act of investigation and constantly encroach on the legal interests of the criminal suspects and other interested people. the procedure of investigation has become the most dangerou s stage to criminal suspects

    而我國現有的關于偵查行為的立法則存在著法條過于粗疏，技術不夠成熟，制度不夠完善等缺陷，尤其在「偵查中心主義」的訴訟構造下，我國現有立法賦予了偵查機關強大的偵查權，並且缺乏必要的、合理的、有效的制約，以至於實踐中，偵查機關實施偵查行為時，隨意性很大，侵犯犯罪嫌疑人和其它利害關系人合法權益的現象屢有發生，偵查程序成為犯罪嫌疑人在訴訟中最為危險的階段。
  20. By the means of concluding, deducting, analogy and reasoning, this paper exposes some basic legal attributes of domain names and brands, it also analyses the represent forms, the primary causes of the right conflict and the idea of conflict resolution. furthermore, from the angle of theory, practice, legislation and unusual cases, this paper goes deep into the optimum frame pattern of conflict resolution in order that we can use some international usual methods, mature theories and treaties for reference, combining judicial practices in our country and others to establish the theories to protect the knowledge property right in the internet space. therefore, we can improve the disadvantage status of the lag of lawmaking and accelerate a more perfect knowledge property right law

    通過歸納、演繹、類推、論證等方式，揭示了域名與商標的一些基本法律屬性，分析研討了域名與商標權沖突的表現形式，沖突的主要原因及解決沖突的理念分析，並從理論、實踐、立法、特例等角度深入研究論證了構築解決沖突的最佳框架模式，目的在於借鑒國外與國際通行的作法與較成熟的理論和國際條約之規定，結合國內外司法實踐，以期構建我國保護internet網路空間知識產權的理論，改善我國此方面立法相對滯后的不利現狀，促進我國知識產權法的更加成熟與完善。
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