航程海圖 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [hángchénghǎitú]
航程海圖
英文
mileage chart-
In this paper, the main research works are as follows : 1 ) survey and analysis previous work in auv navigation and summarize : as the cumulate error, the dead - reckoning and inertial navigation systems ca n ' t be used without other modified system ; the acoustic navigation system is used only in small range, and is very expensive. 2 ) two important approaches in geophysical navigation techniques are summarized, one is terrain contour based navigation, this approach is investigated keystone today ; the other is image based navigation, due to no perfect image sensors and image seabed map, this approach has seldom been practised. 3 ) two important terrain contour based navigation algorithms has been applied to auv, one is match algorithm - based terrain contour match ( tercom ) ; the other is kalman filter - based sandia inertia terrain - aided navigation ( sitan )
主要研究內容包括：一、總結分析了當前水下導航的常用方法和不足之處，指出基於航位推算的導航方法，存在著最大的問題就是導航誤差的積累問題，如果沒有修正系統，這種方法很難滿足使用要求；其次指出基於聲學的導航方法，造價昂貴，導航范圍有限，難以滿足自主水下航行器大范圍導航的需求；二、總結了當前水下地形輔助導航的主要技術路線，一是基於地形高程的匹配方法，這是當前研究的重點；二是基於地形圖像的匹配方法，由於缺乏良好的圖像傳感器，和可用的海底圖像地圖，目前這種方法還有待研究發展；三、將兩種地形高程匹配的常用方法應用到自主水下航行器上：以相關演算法為前提的地形輪廓匹配（ tercom ）方法和以卡爾曼濾波為基礎的桑迪亞慣性地形輔助導航（ sitan ）方法，前者演算法簡單可靠，但是導航精度不高，後者雖然精度比較高，但存在著演算法較為復雜、有可能發散和出現奇異值等問題。Hf radar can measure the sea surface parameters. on oceanography, hf radar can be used in researching the property of ocean wave, supervising the sea status timely, getting offshore wind field picture as well
它在海洋學上可用於研究海浪性質，能實時監測海況而服務于航海業、海洋工程、海洋警戒、海洋漁業和海洋平臺作業等，還能獲取氣象預報中所需要的海面風場圖。The content of the thesis include many scientific fields, such as nautical mathematics, apparatus, ship navigate, communication, artificial intelligence, computer graphic, graphic management and so on. the function of route planning and advanced navigation in the system is based on electronic nautical chart. it bring forward the grid model in route planning, during the course of route planning, it provide ways to settle all kinds of instance ; it figures out the best head bearing of the ship with the real time transfer data from navigation apparatus to the system, accomplish the advanced navigation function in ecdis
該系統是在電子海圖基礎平臺上來完成航線設計和最優航法功能的，提出了在電子海圖中利用網格模型來進行航線設計的方法，在求取最優航線的過程中，全面綜合地考慮了各種可能出現的情況，並逐一解決；最優航行方法中採用實時獲取船舶導航儀器傳入到系統中的數據，並根據這些數據進行計算，給出船舶當前最佳船艏向，實現基於電子海圖顯示與信息系統的最優航法。Chapter one mainly formulates whether the nature of sailing date notice is quotation or invitation to quotation, whether booking is confirmation or quotation based on that the process of concluding a contract in the " law on contracts ", i. e., quotation and confirmation enlightens the marine transportation contract conclusion ; through analyzing the process of concluding liner transportation contract and voyage chartering contract, tries to find out the concluding rules to marine goods transportation contract so as to supply theoretical and legal evidences to better understand the effect of concluding marine transportation contract ; determines the contractual rights and obligations of both parties in the marine goods transportation contract through analyzing the rescission and suspension of marine goods transportation contract
第一章從《合同法》中關于合同訂立過程（即要約與承諾）對海上貨物運輸合同訂立的啟示，主要論述船期公告的性質是要約還是要約邀請，訂艙是承諾還是要約，通過對班輪運輸合同和航次租船合同訂立過程的分析，試圖找出海上貨物運輸合同的訂立規則，為更好地理解海上貨物運輸合同成立的效力提供理論和法律依據。通過對海上貨物運輸合同解除和中止的分析，來確定海上貨物運輸合同中合同雙方的契約權利和義務。Studying on general law principle, up - date views in maritime circle as well as the shipping practice, the article is written to research the possibility and reality of the second shipper and offers own opinion on its role in contract of carriage of goods by sea, trying to achieve better understanding on law application towards this issue, hoping to find out the true profile of law which could smooth the practice
本文通過一般法律原則，現有的海商法理論以及航運業務的實踐來論證第二種托運人現象的可能性和現實性，並就此提出了自己的看法，著重解決第二種托運人的法律適用問題，分析了法律適用時必須在航運業務中予以澄清的若干問題。試圖通過這一思考過程，能對《海商法》的定義有更清晰的認識，並希望以此減少一些在實際業務中對相關問題的困惑。Ecdis. maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems - electronic chart display and information system - operational and performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results
海上導航和無線電通信設備和系統.電子流程圖展示和信息系統Chapter 3 explains the principle and realization of the route planning algorithm, bring out the excellent store mode of the enc data
第3章航線自動生成演算法的設計原理和實現過程，並提出優良的電子海圖空間數據存儲模式。In the course of practical research, it has summarized out the rational visual scene data base modeling flow, and put forward the three - dimensional real sense topographical modeling method based on simple electronic sea chart contour information and three - dimensional object producing method, including three - dimensional building on the bank, assisting navigation marks, foundations of shipping model and the processing method of light quality data
在實際研究過程中，總結出了一套科學合理的視景數據庫建模流程。並提出了基於簡易電子海圖等高線信息的三維真實感地形建模方法，以及三維物體模型生成方法，包括三維岸上建築、助航標志和船舶模型的建立，其中還介紹了燈質數據處理方法。The municipal sector division is responsible for the operation and maintenance of air - conditioning, building services, electrical, mechanical and electronics equipment at postal centres, ferry terminals, cultural complexes, parks, games halls, library and market complexes etc. the major clients of the division are the food and environmental hygiene department, the marine department, the hong kong post office and the civil aviation department
市政工程部負責為郵務中心、渡輪碼頭、文娛場館、公園、室內運動場、圖書館、街市大樓等的空調設備、屋宇裝備、電機、機械及電子設備，提供操作及維修服務。該部的主要客戶為食物環境衛生署、海事處、郵政署及民航處。分享友人