行為因果管理 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [hángwéiyīnguǒguǎnlǐ]
行為因果管理 英文
benavioural contingency management
  • 行 : 行Ⅰ名詞1 （行列） line; row 2 （排行） seniority among brothers and sisters:你行幾? 我行三。where...
  • 因 : Ⅰ動詞[書面語] （沿襲） follow; carry on Ⅱ介詞1 [書面語] （憑借; 根據） on the basis of; in accord...
  • 果 : Ⅰ名詞1 （果子） fruit 2 （事情的結局; 結果） result ; consequence 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（吃...
  • 管 : Ⅰ名詞1 （管子） pipe; tube 2 （吹奏的樂器） wind musical instrument 3 （形狀似管的電器件） valve;...
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  • 行為 : action; behaviour; conduct; deed
  • 管理 : manage; run; administer; supervise; rule; administration; management; regulation
  1. They are jinfo mountain in nanchuan county ( natural protection section ), wuling mountain in qianjiang county ( national emphases forest demonstration county which forest cover rate is beyond 50 % ) and zhongliang mountain in beibei county ( artificial destruction is very grave ). some main land use patterns i. e. woodland, garden, infield, abandon infield, shrub and grassplot are selected in those three sample sites. four aspects on soil fertility index of karst environment under different land use patterns in these three sample sites, are revealed in this paper, by using the field test, indoor measure and analysis, outdoor experiment and field investigation, and the knowledge and technique of soil, ecology, physics and chemistry etc. they are physical characteristic ( effective soil thickness, organic layer thickness, soil texture, water - stable aggregate and soil water etc. ), chemical fertility ( organism, omni - n, omni - p, omni - k, alkali - nitrogen, available p, available k and rapid available k etc. ), soil animalcule ( bacteria, fungi, actinomyces and their grosses ) and soil - seed - pool ( plant community diversity index ) in karst ecosystem

    本研究以重慶市的南川金佛山（自然保護區） 、黔江武陵山（國家重點退耕還林示範縣，森林覆蓋率50以上）和北碚中梁山（遭人為破壞嚴重）典型巖溶區為對象，選擇了幾種重要的利用方式，包括林地、果園、耕地、棄耕地和灌草坡，採用野外巖溶生態調查和室內試驗測量分析相結合的方法，以不同土地利用方式巖溶土壤肥力為重點，對不同土地利用方式土壤肥力特徵進行量化分析，找出巖溶土壤肥力差異的主要方面及其根本原因，論文主要從土壤剖面物理退化指標（有效土層厚度、有機質層厚度、質地、團聚體、水分含量等） ，化學肥力退化指標（有機質、全n 、全p 、全k 、堿解n 、速效p和速效k等） ，樣地土壤微生物指標（細菌、真菌、放線菌數量及總量）以及樣地土壤種子庫植物群落多樣性等4個方面對重慶典型巖溶區的土壤肥力特徵進行了較為詳細的分析研究，為巖溶地區士壤資源的合理利用及結構的調控管理提供依據。
  2. Based on the previous research on the portal crane administration, one standpoint put forward in this paper is idea that is on the foundation of reliability in this paper, two viewpoints take shape when reason is analyzed, that is fatigue break and appearing the flaw that will extend. what is the fatigue break ? ( this phenomenon is always happen in some place ), the fatigue is that board appears apophysis and concave when the board is pressed. so that the board ability of bearing the weight of load will descend

    本論文建立在已有的港口裝卸機械管理的研究基礎之上，進一步提出了以可靠性為基礎的港口裝卸機械的管理思想，已有的研究表明，港口機械設備破壞主要由於兩個原因，第一是穩定性問題，特別是構件的局部穩定性，所謂穩定性是指：在板的平面內，板受到平行於板面的壓力作用，使板發生隆起、內陷等凹凸不平的結果，從而使板受載能力減弱；第二是結構出現疲勞裂紋及其擴展，這是由於設備長時期運行，而造成設備某些部位出現裂紋並得以擴展，使設備承載能力下降。
  3. It is an important part of modern enterprise management, and is the core of the construction enterprises. in order to survive in intensive competition, some construction enterprises establish a more apposite cost system called target cost management ( tcm ) for cost control

    但從實行目標成本管理的效果來看，仍然存在著許多疏漏和弊端，因此有必要對目標成本管理模式、步驟、環節及方法進行更為深入、細致地探討。
  4. After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc

    研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。
  5. This article contains three parts, five chapters. the first part introduces the incentive models of actual bonus stock synoptically, analyses the stock on hand, option shares and stock option, the three kind of important incentive models, on rights and incumbencies, value and the incentive guidance by contrast. the second part discusses the difficulties and influential factors in the design of technical bonus stock, quests for the incentive models of technical bonus stock, analyses superiority and inferior position in action, difference and interosculation between them, discusses the need and significance for the technical bonus stock reanimation in the middle - small technicalfilms. in order to make use of the technical bonus stock distribution mechanism fully, inspire the talent of technologists, encourage their devotion to films, we have some important discussion on the technical bonus stock distribution policy, introduce the distributed models of technical bonus stock, point out the questions in the excutive course, and offer the solution correspondingly. in the third part, we discuss the technical stock option design on middle - small technical films, and consider the logical thoughtfulness in the course of reanimation as follows : the more outstanding achievement for the powered man the more increase on special target the lower price on technical option premium the more profit the more effective reanimation. in the parameter, a set of detailed program is designed, which includes establishment of incentive fund, institution of merit system for the plan ' s grantors, award of stock option, determination of premium, so as to reduce random in the incentive course, have a great effect on the mormative management for the

    本文內容共分為五章三大部分，第一部分概括性地介紹了現行股權激勵方式，對現股、期股和期權這三種重要的激勵方式，從權利義務、價值和激勵導向三個方面進行了對比分析；第二部分探討了技術股權設計的難點和影響因素，討論了我國中小科技企業技術股權激勵的方式，分析它們在激勵中的優勢和不足，以及它們之間的區別與聯系，並對中小科技企業實施技術股權激勵的必要性和意義進行了探討。在文中還重點討論了中小科技企業技術股權分配的策略，介紹了技術股權紅利分配方式，指出在技術股權激勵過程中應注意的問題，並提出相應的解決辦法，目的在於充分利用技術股權分配機制，來激發技術人員潛在的創新能力，激勵他們為企業作貢獻；第三部分著重探討了中小科技企業技術股份期權的方案設計，在激勵方面，按照技術期權獲受人的業績越突出特定的指標增長越快行權價越低獲利越多激勵效果越好的邏輯思路進行考慮；在參數設計方面，對技術期權計劃中激勵基金、授予和考核、行權價格等參數進行了詳細地分析設計，旨在減少技術期權激勵過程中的隨意性，為中小科技企業的規范化管理起到一定的指導和借鑒作用。
  6. In this thesis, the methods of comparison research, the combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, the combination of positive philosophy and standardized research, the theories of economics and management are used to make systematic and comprehensive analysis. at the same time, using the data that reflects the present situation of the safety and safety management in construction industry, the author analyses the problems existing in the present safety management mode, and then points out the key factor in the new systems of safety management is the agency

    在文章中，作者採用了比較研究、定性分析和定量分析相結合、實證研究和規范研究相結合的方法，綜合運用國內外專家學者的研究成果，以大量的事實和數據為依據，分析了我國建築業安全生產管理的現狀和存在的問題，進而提出在中國建築行業建立安全生產體系的具體模式和該模式運行機制的關鍵因素? ?即中介機構在安全生產管理體系中所處的地位和重要因素。
  7. Hoop - stove chimney in the bao - steel incorporated company steel pipe factory regarded as the specifiable object the paper makes systemic studies including investigation and inspection of the reinforced concrete chimney and reliable assess method. some studies performed and results achieved mainly include : synthetical investigation method of the reinforced concrete chimney usage condition is put forward and real usage condition of the hoop - stove chimney in the bao - steel incorporated company steel pipe factory is handled by means of entirely investigation and inspection ; the mostly reason for impairment and defect of chimney locating in steel pipe factory hoop stove is revealed through result analysis of investigation and inspection ; to meet practical requirements that corporations manage industrial building all alone the paper presents condition appraisal method on reliability of the reinforced concrete chimney and assesses the reliability of hoop - stove chimney in the bao - steel incorporated company steel pipe factory

    論文以寶山鋼鐵股份有限公司鋼管廠環形爐煙囪為具體對象，對鋼筋混凝土煙囪的調查檢測和可靠性評定方法進行了系統研究，主要研究內容和成果包括：提出鋼筋混凝土煙囪使用狀況的綜合調查方法，並對鋼管廠環形爐煙囪進行了全面調查和檢測，掌握了煙囪實際的使用狀況；通過對調查檢測結果的分析，揭示了鋼管廠環形爐煙囪損傷和缺陷的主要原因；針對我國企業內部對工業建築管理的實際需要，提出鋼筋混凝土煙囪結構可靠性的狀態評估方法，並鋼管廠環形爐煙囪的可靠性進行了評定。
  8. The fifth chapter : discuss an example of investigation in a watch enterprise, and rise out effective strategy and suggestion according to the analysis result

    第五章，仍然以手錶企業為代表，根據tobit模型的研究結果，對影響企業生產效率的因素以及調整經營管理進行研究，對企業調整經營管理並提高生產效率提出對策。
  9. In order to gain insights into the physical exercise habit of elementary and middle school students in rural areas in shandong province, the authors investigated the factors that affect the physical exercise habit of elementary and middle school students in rural areas in shandong province, and revealed the following findings : physical education teaching, equipment and facilities as well as management conception with respect to elementary and middle schools in rural areas in shandong province were the important factors that affected the physical exercise habit of the students, among which the sports behavior of the teachers and students played the guiding rule, the factor of the students themselves performed a dominating function, while the coordinating role of the factors of family support and community assistance was not remarkable

    摘要為了解山東省農村中小學生體育鍛煉的習慣，對山東省農村部分中小學生體育鍛煉習慣的影響因素進行調查，結果發現山東省農村中小學校體育教學、器材設施和管理理念是影響學生體育鍛煉習慣的重要因素，其中教師與學生的體育行為起導向作用，學生的自身因素佔主導地位，而家庭支持因素和社區協助因素的協調作用不明顯。
  10. The eminent dutch management researcher, greet hofstede, made investigations twice for ibm corporation. he classified four major dimensions in work - related value by means of a statistic analysis of the data collected. basing on hofstede ' s theories and by comparing with those of other researchers, we can possibly identify some of the major dimensions along which cultures differ

    荷蘭著名的管理研究學者霍夫斯泰德（ greethofstede ）為美國通用機器公司（ ibm ）主持的調查共進行了兩次，對搜集的資料進行統計分析，最後分離出價值觀念對比的四個尺度，根據hofstede提出的理論並比較其他學者的成果，得出以下四個重要的對比尺度，即個人主義?集體主義，對權力距離的態度，對不確定因素的迴避程度，以及成就?關系。
  11. In the light of the fundamental method of analysis of the theories concerning enterprise competitiveness, this essay deals with the study on the enterprise competitiveness in lanzhou railway bureau. first, it makes a holistic analysis on the competitive environment and elaborates the status quo of development ; second, it establishes the index system for the assessment of the enterprise competitiveness in lanzhou railway bureau, and makes general and comparative assessment of the enterprise competitiveness, and then a conclusion is drawn ; lastly, it presents the ways and solutions to upgrade enterprise competitiveness in lanzhou railway bureau, based on the analysis of causes for the conclusion. the method of analysis in this essay is valuable in reference for the study of other enterprises in the same industry

    首先，對蘭州鐵路局競爭環境進行了宏觀環境分析和競爭環境分析，認為在現階段蘭州鐵路局擁有良好發展環境，同時也面臨著替代性運輸方式、潛在競爭對手和現代物流發展的強大威脅；其次，對蘭州鐵路局的發展現狀進行了闡述，從運輸生產、經營管理、市場競爭等不同角度進行了深入分析，認為現階段蘭州鐵路局在西北運輸市場仍然佔有一定優勢；第三，運用企業競爭力評價理論建立了蘭州鐵路局競爭力評價的指標體系，並採用模糊數學和dea評價方法對蘭州鐵路局競爭力進行了總體評價和比較評價，得出了蘭州鐵路局競爭力不強的結論，並針對評價結果進行了原因分析；最後，提出了蘭州鐵路局競爭力提升的思路和對策。
  12. It ’ s done several tasks concretely as followed : 1 ) analyze and research mrm and its training curriculum ‘ s background and development ; conclude the principle of mrm, content and its thinking methods systematically ; summarize foreign scholars ’ research fruits on the performance examination of mrm. 2 ) research maintenance human factors and come up with a frame of maintenance human errors analysis and its categories. in the mean time, point out that people need to look upon mrm as a conprehensial measure to reduce human errors in mrm ’ s research and practice3 ) relatively deeply and meaningfully research on how to introduce and execute mrm in our country ’ s aviation circle ; put forward researching results on introducing mrm as well as key jobs we need to do in the future in our country

    具體做了以下幾個方面的研究工作:一是分析研究了維修資源管理及其訓練課程的產生發展及其背景，系統地歸納了維修資源管理的原理內容及其思想方法，總結了國外學者對維修資源管理績效考核的研究成果;二是對維修人為因素做了相關研究，提出了維修差錯原因分析及維修差錯分類框架，指出在對維修人為因素的研究和實踐中，需要更多地採取維修資源管理及其訓練這樣的綜合性措施去減少維修人為差錯;三是對國內航空界引進並實行維修資源管理做出了相對深入並有實際意義的研究與探索，對國內引進並實施維修資源管理及其訓練課程以及將來的重點工作，提出了研究結論。
  13. The basic way of thinking is as follows : analyzing the foreign capital into a share stock - market theoretically, its results will be used to study the problem ; reviewing the experiences of the foreign capital into a share stock - market in some developing countries or areas and the regulations of qfii in china, their identities and differences will be laid out ; analyzing their coming effects in order to show their great significance ; then studying the problems faced up by us after the foreign capital entry into a share stock - market and the reasons in order to reveal the present situation in the domestic securities market and foreign exchanging management. at last, putting forward the relative counter - measures

    本論文是關于境外金融資本入市的研究，研究的基本思路是：對境外金融資本入市進行理論分析，以理論分析的結果作為研究境外金融資本入市的基礎；考察了一些發展中國家或地區允許境外金融資本入市的經驗與我國的qfii制度，並分析其異同之處：分析境外金融資本入市的影響，以說明為什麼要境外金融資本入市；指出境外金融資本入市所面臨的問題及原因，以展示國內證券市場、外匯管理等方面的現狀；最後提出了相應的對策。
  14. In britain the collapse of northern rock was also largely the result of inadequate national supervision, an outdated system of deposit insurance and the lack of teamwork between britain ' s financial super - regulator, the financial services authority, the bank of england and the treasury

    英國抵押銀行的倒閉很大程度上也是缺乏國家監管的惡果，原因還應包括存款保證系統的陳舊，作為高層監管機構的英國金融服務管理局、英國銀行與英國財政部之間缺乏團隊合作精神。
  15. Aim to analyze the problems in the course of the exploitation and utilization of water resources and offer some references to the sustainable utilization of water resources in baoji city, shaanxi, china in the future. methods beginning with the restrained factors that affects the sustainable exploitation of water resources, the main problems is systematically analyzed that exposed in the course of the exploitation and utilization of water resources : utilization ratio of water resources is low, water waste is serious ; groundwater is exploited excessively, water level drops continuously ; water pollution is serious, water quality worsens obviously ; management system of water resources is imperfect, the facilities of irrigation works wear out seriously. results it is suggested that pursue saving water all - round to build a water - saving society, and perfect the paid - use system of water resources to implement the industrial management of water resources, and strengthen the protecting consciousness of water resources together with controlling groundwater exploitation strictly, and increase the fund investments to enhance the irrigation works abilities of adjusting, holding and preventing the flood, and strengthen the network management of water resources besides improving the official specialized quality. conclusion the reasonable exploitation and utilization of water resources plays a key role in the sustainable development of economy and society in baoji city, shaanxi, china

    目的分析寶雞市水資源開發利用中存在的問題，為今後水資源的可持續利用提供參考依據.方法從影響寶雞市水資源可持續利用的制約性因素入手，系統分析了在水資源開發利用中存在的主要問題:水資源利用率低，浪費嚴重;地下水開采過度，水位持續下降;水污染嚴重，水質明顯惡化;水資源管理體制不健全，水利工程設施老化嚴重.結果提出了相關的解決對策:全面推行節約用水，建立節水型的社會;完善水資源有償使用制度，實現水資源的產業化管理;強化水資源保護意識，嚴格控制地下水開采;加大資金投入力度，提高水利工程的調蓄防洪能力;加強水資源網路化管理，提高管理人員的專業素養.結論水資源的合理開發和利用是實現寶雞市經濟社會可持續發展的關鍵
  16. In a sense, it can be said that the teacher ' s behavior and teacher management system are cause and effect of each other, i. e. like the teacher behavior, like the teacher management system

    在某種意義上可以說，教師的行為與教師管理的制度是互為因果的：有什麼樣的教師行為就會有什麼樣的教師管理制度。
  17. The seperation of owner ' s rights and management ' s rights leads to the economy responsibility. the owners of property need to direct how is going with the economy responsibility by managements. at the same time, managements need to release it, as a result. auditing comes into being. but both the owners and managements are just pursuing maximum effect of themselves. agent cost comes from it. how to deal with the agent cost becomes the most important topic of corporate governance. in fact. auditing is one of methods releasing agent cost. one handjt should be the key point in corporate governances the hand corporate governance will influnce the auditing effect

    由此可見，審計實質是代理成本中的監督成本，是降低代理成本的重要途徑。因此，審計（包括內部審計和外部審計）執行的效果，是公司治理理論和實務中需要研究的重點問題，而公司治理的完善程度也會反過來影響審計的獨立性和審計的效果。伴隨著受託財務責任發展為受託管理責任，與財務審計相對應的管理審計產生了。
  18. Main propulsion equipments have been gradually improved. in addition, some additional systems are provided, such as the power station, deck machinery, refrigeration and air condition plant, freshwater generators, drinking water system, steam generating system, ballast and bilge system, and fire fighting system. the management of ship ' s power plant is also known as the engineering management, which is supervised and controlled by the engine department under the direction of the company ' s engine technology management department of the headquarters. owing to the complexity of power plant, the changeability of navigational conditions, and the seriousness of accident ' s consequences, it is essential to explore how to manage the power plant economically and reduce the occurrence of troubles so as to raise the shipping efficiency

    隨著科學技術的發展，不僅推進設備逐步得到完善，而且還增設了諸如船舶電站、起貨機械、冷藏和空調裝置、制淡水裝置以及飲水、蒸汽、壓縮空氣、壓載、艙底、消防等系統。船舶動力裝置的管理即輪機的管理，是在船公司機務部門指導下由船上輪機部具體負責實施。因為船舶動力裝置的復雜性、船舶航行條件的多變性、發生事故後果的嚴重性，所以探討如何對輪機進行經濟性管理，減少故障，從而提高船舶的營運效率非常重要。
  19. Benavioural contingency management

    行為因果管理
  20. The trade and competition policy are largely serve the same goals in terms of economic objectives, they are also complementary because trade policy eliminates government barriers to international trade, competition policy aims at eliminating private barriers. but there are some inconsistence between trade policy and competition policy

    這種反競爭的行為的存在，實際是國際社會經濟發展不平衡的結果，只要貿易不平衡存在就有這種反競爭的行為，因此消除這種行為是不可能的，關鍵是要對這種行為進行管理和規制。
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