表面下層流 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [biǎomiànxiàcéngliú]
表面下層流 英文
sub-surface current
  • 表 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面;外表） outside; surface; external 2 （中表親戚） the relationship between the child...
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 下 : 下動詞1. （用在動詞后,表示由高處到低處） 2. （用在動詞后, 表示有空間, 能容納） 3. （用在動詞后, 表示動作的完成或結果）
  • 層 : i 量詞1 （用於重疊、積累的東西 如樓層、階層、地層） storey; tier; stratum 2 （用於可以分項分步的...
  • 流 : Ⅰ動1 （液體移動; 流動） flow 2 （移動不定） drift; move; wander 3 （流傳; 傳播） spread 4 （向壞...
  • 表面 : surface; superficies; boundary; face; rind; sheet; skin; outside; appearance
  1. The global environment consists of the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, and the lithosphere, a mixture of gases extending outward from the surface of the earth, evolved from elements of the earth that were gasified during its formation and the shallow ground water bodies that interflow with the surface water

    全球的環境包括大氣圈、水圈和巖石圈以及從地球表面延伸出來的混合氣體，這種氣體形成時由地球表面的元素氣化或淺層地下水與地表水的交流。
  2. Thirdly, the paper discusses the driver of the peripheral equipment, how to port the uc / os - n and uclinux, h. 323 protocol and the application of the system in the digital speech classroom. also some software and hardware measure are adopted to enhance the system stability. at last, the shortcoming and the something to be improved are given. dsp can be used to realize real - time speech coding algorithm, and after porting ( ac / os - n, arm can manage the keyboard, the lcd and the ethernet peripheral etc. then the embedded network system with specific purpose can be used in others fields, such as pda, set of top, web tv, ect

    在實際設計實現中，為提高系統軟、硬體整體穩定性和可靠性，使用了以下幾種方法： （ 1 ）低電壓復位、抗電源抖動能力、增加時鐘監測電路、抗電磁干擾能力、散熱等技術； （ 2 ）多層pcb設計，線路板結構緊湊，電源部分採用數字5v 、 3 . 3v 、 3v 、 1 . 8v和模擬5v多電源供電； （ 3 ）選用表面貼和bga封裝的器件； （ 4 ）按照軟體工程的要求進行系統分析，規劃系統框圖、流程分析、模塊劃分，減小了不同模塊的相關性，從而最大限度避免了錯誤的發生。
  3. When soil antecedent condition is dry and the initial rainfall intensity is high, peak surface runoff also considerably lag behind that of rainfall, because of the formation of temporary relative impermeable top layer ; b ) surface runoff is controlled primarily by infiltration - excess runoff mechanism under unsaturated condition ; the major fraction of surface runoff are dominated by saturated infiltration - excess runoff response, only a small fraction by return flow mechanism when soil is saturated ; c ) subsurface flow is dominated by saturated runoff mechanism, and the duration of subsurface post the rainfall end is dependent upon rather the soil properties than the rainfall characteristics ; d ) subsurface flow intensity in cultivated soil layer ( 0 ~ 20cm ) is high up to 35mm / h when rainfall intensity is up to 120mm / h, indicating the existing of macropores and pipe flow in cultivated layer

    2 ）耕作制下紫色土的產流主要機制是： 1 ）當雨前土壤含水量未達到飽和狀態時，表面產流起始時間有明顯滯后現象，這與紫色土的快吸水性和較多非毛管孔隙密切相關；當雨前土壤較乾燥，降雨初期雨強較大時，易形成臨時相對不透水表層，表面產流峰也有明顯滯后現象。 2 ）表面徑流的產流方式主要是超滲產流，當土壤達到飽和狀態后，有四川大學博士學位論文小部分回歸流發生，但主要是飽和超滲產流發生，因為紫色土的相對不透水層和其它透水障礙層不明顯。 3 ）壤中流主要是飽和產流，與降雨過程有明顯的滯后，而且雨停后的壤中流產流歷時與降雨特徵無關。
  4. 4. a novel amperometric sensor has been constructed for the determination of h2o2. it was based on catalyzing electroreduction of hydrogen peroxide by metal hexacyanoferrate, which were electrodeposited on gold wire electrodes, under a certain potential

    利用循環伏安法，在金電極表面電化學沉積一層鐵氰酸鎳膜（ nihcf ） ，在一定電位條件下，它能快速催化還原過氧化氫，其響應電流與過氧化氫的濃度呈線性關系。
  5. By means of the study the main results are listed as follows : ( 1 ) the results of flume experiment and simulated rainfall experiment with a fixed intensity indicated that, the influencing degree of rainfall on overland flow velocity had something to do with the runoff discharge above and rainfall intensity

    通過研究取得了如下結論： （ 1 ）水槽放水試驗和定雨強模擬降雨試驗結果表明，降雨對坡面薄層水流流速的作用與放水流量和雨強大小有關。
  6. On the basis of prantel boundary layer idea, wind sand fluid of irreducible rare phase as research object, by the foundation of general equation of wind sand fluid, in the condition of basic hypothesis, the boundary layer equation of car roof surface is set up and the boundary condition the fluid slippage character in solid wall surface is given

    摘要基於普朗特的邊界層思想，以不可簡化成稀相的風沙流體為研究對象，以風沙流的一般方程為基礎，在基本假設的條件下，建立了高速轎車車身頂部過流表面的邊界層微分方程並給出沙流在近壁表面以滑移為特徵的邊界條件。
  7. The region and the earth surface across this road are mainly water above ground and run - off and the ground water is mostly made up of groundwater and perched water ; the river bed is more obvious ; the overbank is covered by medium sand and gravel ect

    路線所經地帶地面主要為地表水和徑流，地下水主要以潛水和上層滯水為主，河床較明顯，河灘覆蓋中砂、礫石等。地勢低洼地帶地表常年積水，影響路基穩定。
  8. The main work includes : based on biot ' s dynamic consolidation equations, by the method of integral transform and matrix transfer, two - dimensional consolidation of layered saturated soils is studied. then, the general integral solutions of stress ( including pore pressure ) and displacement ( including fluid flow ) of any point were obtained under harmonic vibration loads according to staunch boundary condition. second, a program to verify the correctness of this dissertation is developed

    主要工作有：本文根據biot平面動力固結方程，運用積分變換和矩陣傳遞的方法，研究了成層飽和地基的二維biot固結問題，根據下邊界為不透水基巖的邊界條件，獲得了地基表面作用簡諧振動荷載時，任意點應力（包括孔壓） 、位移（包括流體流量）的一般積分形式解。
  9. Thaw settlement cause negative friction. this paper base on the thought of " initiative cooling ", aim at three problems existing in common concrete pile used in frozen soil, a new type of pile is proposed to overcome the disadvantages of the classical pile used in frozen soil. pile body within active layer is fluted and refilled with porous materials such as gravels and ballasts, convection will be occur and then thermal exchange inside porous material in winter while only heat conduction exists in summer, as a result the soil around flutings will be cooled, so the top line of permafrost will be drive up

    本文基於「主動冷卻」地基的思想，以及針對凍土地區普通混凝土樁存在的三大問題，提出了一種新型樁的設計思路，運用數值模擬試驗手段對其冷卻機理與加固機理進行了系統研究，即在凍融活動層的深度范圍內，在混凝土樁身的表面刻槽，修築完時槽內填充碎石、塊石等多孔介質，通過外界大氣溫度的自然波動下多孔介質在冬季時存在的對流換熱機制，而在夏季只存在熱傳導，來達到主動冷卻樁周凍土和抬升凍土上限的目的。
  10. Result of numerical simulation shows that the grads of continuous phase " s velocities decreases with the presence of microbubble of which the diameter is 100 / / w, the profiles of air volume fraction in the boundary layers is similar to triangle or echelon, affected by interaction among the particle, there is a saturated air fraction, within the scope of saturated air fraction, increasing the air injection ratio can accrete the friction reduction ratio, under the condition of same air injection ratio, the free - steam velocity is larger, the effect of friction reduction is worse

    計算結果表明，直徑為100 m的微氣泡能減小近壁面連續相的速度梯度；微氣泡在邊界層中的濃度分佈近似為三角形或梯形分佈；受粒子間相互作用的影響，存在一飽和濃度；減阻率隨噴氣量的增大而增大，直至飽和噴氣量，此後，增大噴氣量，壁面摩擦阻力變化不大；相同噴氣量下，來流速度越大，減阻率越低。
  11. Subsurface runoff is obviously closely related with soil water movement in the unsaturated soil zone and dynamic change of the groundwater table. there - fore, it is necessary to develop the subsurface runoff model with a physical base associated with recharge on the aquifer and total storage in the reservoir. also a soil model with a dynamic representation of the groundwater table makes it possible and reasonable to represent a more logical subsurface runoff parame - terization

    地下徑流顯然與非飽和土壤層中的水分運動以及地下水位的動態變化密切相關，因而有必要發展考慮土壤含水量與潛水面science in china ser . d earth sciences 376中國科學d輯地球科學第36卷水分通量以及地下水位動態變化的土壤水模型相適應且具有物理意義的地下徑流模型;同時地下水位動態表示的土壤水模型也為發展更為合理的地下徑流模型創造了很好的條件
  12. This model is validated by a subsurface flow separation algorithm for an ex - ample river basin, which shows that the new model can simulate the subsurface flow reasonably. keywords : subsurface runoff parameterization, boussinesq - storage equation, water storage and re - charge. hydrological processes including surface runoff, subsurface runoff, and soil water movement play a great role in land surface processes

    文中基於boussinesq - storage方程建立了同時考慮潛水面水分儲存和非飽和層水分入滲兩方面影響的地下徑流機制，並利用流域水文資料以及地下徑流分離演算法驗證了所建立模型的可靠性，結果表明該模型能夠比較合理地模擬地下徑流的變化情況
  13. As a result, the fermi level at the surface will shift towards the valence band maximum ( vbm ). accordingly the band bending increases, and the surface depletion layer thickness enhances, therefore, the channel thickness reduces. this is the main factor resulting in the decrease of saturated drain - source current

    表面費米能級向價帶頂移動，能帶彎曲加劇，肖特基勢壘高度增加，表面耗盡層變厚，導電溝道變窄，是導致源漏飽和電流下降的主要因素。
  14. Traditionally, the saturated zone is modeled as a simple lumped continuity equation :, dsitqsdt where t is time, s is the total storage in the reservoir, i is the spatially integrated volume of incoming wa - ter, and q is the discharge subsurface runoff which only depends on the total storage s. this kind of subsurface runoff model has many different parame - terizations 10 12, however it has a very common char - acteristic that the subsurface runoff is just a sin - gle - valued storage - discharge function

    對于大尺度水文模型而言，目前常常採用的是集總式的地下徑流機制，其連續性方程一般可表示為d ， dsitqst ? 1這里t是時間， s表示整個流域潛水面土壤層的飽和區域總的水分儲存量， i t表示t時刻土壤的非飽和區域向整個潛水面的水分補充量， q s表示僅依賴於水分儲存量s的地下徑流量量
  15. The primary study contents as follows : acquire the superhigh strength and excellent duration by adoption of the confecting technique of high performance concrete ; reduce the penetrability of color facing layer and extend the fixed number of serve years of color stamped facing layer to a great extent by the basis of the compound optimum principle of materials and the technique of surface managing and coating ; realize onetime quick construction and tridimensional modeling of facing and foundation by printing principle and mould and by using subtly the flowing - changing characteristic effacing layer

    主要研究內容有以下幾個方面：採用高性能混凝土配製技術獲得彩色飾面層的超高強度和優異的耐久性；根據材料復合優化原理，通過表面處理和罩面技術，降低彩色飾面層的滲透性，大幅度延長彩色印模飾面的使用壽命；借鑒印刷原理和模具造型並巧妙地利用飾面層的流變特性，實現飾面與基體的一次性快速施工和立體造型。論文的主要工作及研究成果包括以下幾個方面。
  16. The second part is a detector which is used to detect the distribution of voltage on the patient ' s brain surface from all different directions. the third is a mixed signal processor ( c8051f020 ) which is used to control the other parts of the system and display some necessary information and convert the voltage signals into digital signals, as well as transmit the acquired data to the computer. the fourth is computer with eit software which is used to analyze and process the received data and construct a picture for the brain edema and haematoma on screen

    32通道電阻抗斷層成像系統由4個部分組成：第一部分是正弦波恆流源，用來產生注入大腦的激勵電流；第二部分是電位信號的提取與轉換，用來提取當激勵電流注入時，在大腦表面形成的電位分佈信號；第三部分是數據採集與控制系統，用來控制激勵電流的頻率，注入方向，注入強度，控制採集大腦表面的電位分佈信號，並且將這些採集的電位分佈數據傳到pc機；第四部分是計算機eit成像軟體，用來接收下位機的電位分佈數據，並且對這些數據進行分析計算，重建電阻抗圖像。
  17. A new method is developed to predict the temperature distribution of cooling - plate with non - uniform heat load on the surfaces, meanwhile, two types of cooling - plate used in the environment control system of airplane are studied experimentally under conditions of different reynolds number of air and surface heat loads

    摘要提出了一種新的冷板簡化數學模型，把翅片摺合成導熱系數?各向異性的等效厚度層實芯板，將冷板與空氣的對流換熱作?等效層的穩態導熱問題，計算了表面熱源非均勻條件下冷板的溫度分佈。
  18. Upon reaching the surface, the heated liquid will spread laterally in all directions until it reaches the edges of the container, where it will be deflected downward to the bottom of the liquid layer, eventually to be drawn back towards the heat source

    一旦達到地幔的上表面，被加熱的流體將在各個方向上橫向擴展，直至達到儲層的邊緣，在這里流體將向下偏轉到流體層的底部，最後向熱源退卻。
  19. Abstract : the effective width model based on the surface topography of natural fracture, which is closely related to the mechanical and hydraulic characteristics, is established on the theories of fluid mechanics and oil / gas flow in porous media. the study aims at improvingformation damage control and temporary plugging technology for fractured reservoir

    文摘:在考慮裂縫表面的實際微觀形態的情況下，採用流體力學與滲流力學相結合的方法，提出了可為裂縫性儲層保護實施暫堵技術提供定量依據的有效寬度數學模型。
  20. The study results showed : ( 1 ) the bigger the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor air, the more obvious and more flux of the drop flow ; ( 2 ) the drop flow influenced the room temperature distribution and could even destroy the indoor temperature delamination ; ( 3 ) the prediction values agreed well with the test values, and the modified model could be utilized completely to predict the air - temperature distribution in a chilled wall room with underfloor system

    研究表明室內外溫差越大，壁面下降流越顯著且流量越大；下降流影響房間內溫度分佈且破壞了地板送風房間的溫度分層特性；預測值與實驗值有著良好的一致性，因此該模型可用來預測具有冷卻壁面的地板送風房間溫度分佈。
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