觀標不對稱 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [guānbiāobùduìchèn]
觀標不對稱
英文
asymmetry of object-
Base on reviewing relevant literatures, the author finds that there are some problems existing in studying the determinants of capital structures decision of chinese listed companies. first most researchers hold the hypothesis of information symmetry and don not consider the information asymmetry affecting capital structure choice of chinese listed companies
綜觀相關文獻，國內學者對中國上市公司的資本結構決策影響因素的實證研究存在以下局限（ 1 ）研究保留了mm定理中信息充分的假設，沒有考慮信息不對稱對中國上市公司資本結構決策的影響; （ 2 ）沒有把信息不對稱作為量化指標引入中國上市公司資本結構決策的理論模型中。With high frequency data and the market liquidity depth indicator vnet, the dynamic features and the determinative factors of market liquidity are studied, and the market microstructure theories are verified
摘要使用超高頻數據，並利用流動性深度指標，研究流動性的動態特徵、影響因素以及檢驗市場微觀結構理論，結果支持基於信息不對稱下的市場微觀結構理論。In the second part of this dissertation ( chapter 6 and chapter 7 ), it is demonstrated that in low multiplicity sample, the increase of the fluctuation of event factorial moments with the diminishing of phase space scale, " erraticity ", are dominated by the statistical fluctuations
在非對心碰撞中，初始坐標空間中的方位角不對稱性將導致末態粒子相對于「反應平面」的角依賴性。微觀上講，末態動量空間的大的各向異性來源於碰撞最初階段的大量的再散射。There are two theory of legal explain because the different of comprehend about the aim of legal explain. subjectiveer think that the aim of legal of explain is to find the legislation intent of legislatorial in the statute law, and the impersonality think that the aim of legal of explain is to find the law criterion which hide under the law text that constitute by the legislatorials. each theory have a same on the assumption that there is a objectivity law criterion which can be found by the explainer though the science methods
根據不同的認識可以將民法解釋目標的客觀論分為兩類，一種稱為主觀解釋論，該理論認為法律條文反映的是立法者的立法意圖，法律規范客觀的存在於民法法律條文之中，對民法解釋的目標是通過對法律條文的闡釋，發現立法者的立法意圖;客觀解釋論者認為法律一經制定，立法者的意圖就已經消失，法律規范存在的依據是客觀存在的表現為白紙黑字的法律條文，法律規范就客觀的存在於民法法律條文之中，民法解釋的目標也就是通過解釋民法條文得到該規范。At last, the paper analyses chinese manage system of national defense scientific research, give some advice that weaken the disadvantage influence of asymmetric information : in the aspect of the management direction idea, giving priority to technology and efficiency, other appraisement standard being assistant, to make up of multi - ply appraisement standard system ; to consummate invite public bidding ; to implement the management system of national defense that navy, air force, army unite to implement national defense scientific research ; to carry out the scientific research " s outlay management system of " render an account - drawing " ; to maintain competition of the management of national defense scientific research ; to develop international cooperate of national defense scientific research and commerce, realize civil - military two - using ; to implement law - code of national defense scientific research, strengthen the rule of law idea
最後，文章對我國的國防科研管理體制現狀進行了分析，並對如何減弱信息不對稱的不利影響提出了幾點建議：在國防科研管理指導思想上，以技術和效率為主導，結合其他評價標準，形成多層次的評價標準體系；完善國防科研招標管理體制；實行三軍聯合研究的科研管理體制；實行「報帳提款制」的科研經費管理體制；保持國防科研項目實施過程中一定程度的競爭；開展國際科研合作與貿易，實現軍民兩用；完善國防科研的法律、法規體系建設，增強法治觀念。Objective through measure telomere length ( mean length of telomere restriction fragment, trf ) of dermal and intramuscular, and study it ' s length correlating with the different human " s age. the trf was examined by southern blotting. the formula to age estimating was obtained by regression analysis between the trf and the age
目的應用southern雜交技術，對皮膚、肌肉端粒dna片斷長度（ meanlengthoftelomererestrictionfragment ，簡稱： trf ）進行觀察，測定不同年齡段人群的端粒dna片斷長度值，以期初步探明不同年齡段人群的端粒dna片斷長度的變化規律，繪制出端粒dna片斷長度值隨年齡變化的標準曲線，比較性別、籍貫對端粒dna片斷長度的影響，以期為法醫實踐工作中對無名屍體年齡推斷提供理論依據。It would be presumptuous to attempt or claim to attempt a depth analysis of the aberrations of the contemporary mind, but it seems to me there is a kind of rational madness let loose in the world which delights in manipulation for its own sake, usually, if not always, buttressed by self - justifying, objective principles, a kind of rational madness which understands no theoretical limits to its pursuit of its self - justifying goals and which, worst of all, recognizes none or is blind to all of the possible consequences of its methodological and procedural logic when acted out in real life and among real people
若企圖，或宣稱企圖對當代理智的偏差，作一深入的分析，應屬冒昧放肆的舉動;但，我覺得，有個舉世不拘的理性狂，只喜歡自顧操作;經常（若非總是） ，以自證的客觀原理自持;這是一種，不識追求自證目標的理論極限，的理性狂;且，最壞的，就是，當真在生活與真人之間行動時，他對，方法與程序邏輯，所可能的後果，一無所知，甚至盲然不視It observes the origin of business name, there are different views in the domestic academic circle, the function of business name and the relation between it and the relevant business mark such as trade make, corporation name and commercial goodwill. right of business name and its main contain such as right of formation, right of use, right of assignment and right of licensing
該部分主要考察了商號的起源、國內學術界對商號的不同觀點、商號的四種功能以及商號與相關商業標志如企業名稱、商標、商譽等的關系；界定了商號權的概念及分析了商號權的主要內容如設立權、使用權、轉讓權、許可權等。Chapter 1 is the theoretic base of the thesis, presenting the agency problem and economic result of independent audit. independent audit is a useful tool to resolve modern enterprises agency problem. chapter 2 is an analysis of the information asymmetry, market failure, the economic grounds of regulation on market entry and the advantages and disadvantages of permit control
論文從五個方面運用現代經濟學理論研究中國獨立審計現實問題，第一章是全文的理論基礎，提出了獨立審計是解決現代企業代理問題的有效工具的觀點，闡述了獨立審計的代理問題及經濟後果，論文第二章從獨立審計服務的信息不對稱、市場失靈分析市場準入管制經濟理由，對獨立審計獨立性和專業勝任能力提出符合我國國情具體標準。Results indicated that the teacher in vocational school and high school only differed in their perspectives of environment ; no gender and professional title differences were found in educational perspectives of vocational school teachers, but there were remarkable professional title differences in high school teachers " personal teaching efficacy and their perspectives of personality and cognitive ability ; male teachers and teachers with lower professional title were more likely to educate their students in negative way ; both the vocational school and high school teachers " educational perspectives were strongly related to their teaching styles ; to the teacher in high school, their personal teaching efficacy and perspectives of heredity had better predictive function for teaching style. to the teacher in vocational school, their perspectives of personality and sense of teaching efficacy had better predictive function for teaching style. meanwhile gender and professional title were also significant predictors of the two types of teachers " teaching style
本研究結果表明：兩類教師的總體差異較小，只在環境觀上存在顯著差異；在教育觀念上，職校教師的性別和職稱差異均不顯著，而普中教師的個人效能感和對學生的個性、認知能力的發展期望隨職稱上升明顯增加，在教育方式上，男教師和低職稱教師都有更多地採用消極教育方式的趨向；兩類教師的教育觀念與教育方式之間的關系均很顯著；普中教師的個人效能感、遺傳觀和對學生的認知發展期望是影響其教育方式的主要指標，職校教師的教學效能感和對學生的個性發展期望是影響其教育方式的主要指標，同時，性別和職稱對兩類教師的教育方式也具有影響作用。The braess paradox model is taken as an example to reveal the essence of entropy - maximization and utility - maximization which lies in the unity of the most efficient for the whole and the fairest for local parts and individuals. the internal symmetry of the scaling laws are bring to light based on the dual model of entropy - and utility - maximization. the internal symmetry including translational symmetry, dilation symmetry, and bilateral symmetry originate from relative energy - conservation and information conservation of urban systems reflected by the dual models, and parity conservation of scaling laws
揭示標度律及其等價模型各種對稱性質，發現城市系統具有平移對稱、鏡像對稱和標度對稱等內部對稱性，這些對稱性都對應著城市系統的不可觀測量，其本質在於系統內部隱含的守恆律，包括標度變換的奇偶守恆、能量和信息的相對守恆等。The origin of the fund - management stimulating problem is that the standard of rational agent ’ s activities is utility maximum. but, in the reality, the fund investor and the fund administrator are a kind of consignation and there is information asymmetry. the fund investor ( principle ) wants to make the fund administrator ( agent ) act according to the benefits of the former, but the investor ca n ' t observe the investment activity of the administrator directly and in time. he can only observe other variables which are decided by the administrator ’ s activity and other outside uncertain factors
基金激勵問題產生的根源在於理性人的行動都以自身效用或利益最大化為標準，但在現實中，基金投資者與基金管理者是一種委託代理關系且兩者之間存在著信息不對稱，基金投資者（委託人）想使基金管理人（代理人）按照前者的利益選擇行動，但投資者不能直接及時地觀察管理人的投資行動，他能觀察到的只是另一些指標變量，這些變量由管理人的行動和其他外生隨機因素共同決定。To be fair, even data typing advocates do not claim it does, but they do claim that this added bit of precision gives processing tools the power to do other sorts of reasoning and analysis on the xml instances
客觀地說，即使數據類型化的鼓吹者也不認為達到了目標，但是他們宣稱增加的這一點精確性，使處理工具能夠對xml實例作其他某種形式的推理和分析。And today, corporation is the most common form of business enterprises. however, due to the conflict of interests between the owners and the mangers, and due to the problem of information asymmetry, the resulting so called " moral risk " and " converse choice " inevitably hampers the interests of shareholders. hence it is critical to establish effective internal control mechanism to ensure that managers behave to maximize the benefit of owners, to consummate internal control, to prevent embezzlement and to ensure mutual benefit of the shareholder and the operator
但由於所有者和經營者在利益方面的不一致，加之信息不對稱，容易導致代理人出現「道德風險」或「逆向選擇」而損害委託人的利益，這樣在客觀上需要企業內部建立一種有效的內部控制機制來實現股東財富最大化的目標，而完善內部控制、防範舞弊、保障所有者和經營者的利益就成為企業經營管理中一件至關重要的事情。分享友人