論證幾何學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lúnzhèngjīhéxué]
論證幾何學 英文
demonstrative geometry
  • 論 : 論名詞（記錄孔子及其門徒的言行的「論語」） the analects of confucius
  • 證 : Ⅰ動詞（證明） prove; verify; demonstrate Ⅱ名詞1 （證據） evidence; proof; testimony; witness 2 （...
  • 幾 : 幾代詞1. （多少, 用於詢問數量和時間） how many 2. （表示不定的少數目） a few; several; some
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 論證 : 1 （論述過程） demonstration; proof 2 （論述並證明） expound and prove [verify]3 （論據） argumen...
  1. All voluntary acts in civil society has a common and indispensable fac tor : willenserlaerung ( declaration of intention ), hence all acts can be conclude in " juristic act ". the following chapter argues that civil law can not substitute the principle of private autonomy for freedom of contracts and sets forth the foundation of private autonomy, such as kantism, civil society. personal knowledge and governmentality

    第4章和第5章從法學方法角度揭示了法律行為的兩個理論資源，一是浪漫主義和德國精神科學對「意義」的追尋；二是理性法學派、幾何學方法的體系化思想；並進一步從民法中的具體行為類型論證歸納法律行為的必要性。
  2. On the basis of theories of physics, geometrical optics and photometry, the optical properties of collimated light beam incident upon single fiber perpendicular to the fiber axis are studied. by exploring the behaviors of reflected light and transmitted light from single fiber, the distribution of the light is described and the proportionalities between the intensity of the reflected, transmitted and scatered light are obtained respectively, and the different laws governing the intensity of diffused light and transmitted light from single fiber between near and far field are discussed. experiments demonstrate that the decrease of projecting light in far field is in direct proportion for the increase of fiber diameter, which serves as the theoretical basis for a series optics equations, as well as for the designment for photoelectric deviccs for detecting fibers

    結合物理學的基本原理和幾何光學的基本規律以及光度學的基礎理論等三方面，研究了單纖維在平行均勻光束垂軸入射時的光學性質.分析了單纖維反光和透光的特徵，光強分佈及反射光、透射光和散射光的相對大小;討論了在近場和遠場條件下，漫反射光和透射光光強的不同規律;通過實驗驗證了遠場時，纖維的漫射光強度與纖維直徑成正比的關系
  3. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  4. The key factors to make the slide is controlled to make the model be similar in geometry, material and fabric with the antetype, then simulate the infection of river, digging of road and so on, measure the data of the distortion of model, analyze the reason of the distortion and factors of the slide

    試驗抓住造成滑坡的主要因素，根據所得的巖石力學參數及結構面參數，在幾何條件、模型材料、結構面條件等方面都基本滿足相似原理的情況下，對模型進行了河流下切、公路開挖等條件的模擬，測量觀察邊坡的卸荷回彈與層面的彎曲變形情況，利用所側數據分析論證滑坡的形成機制和影響因素。
  5. Whereas string theory cannot be tested directly ? it deals with energies that cannot be created in the laboratory ? connes points out that noncommutative geometry makes testable predictions, such as the higgs mass ( 160 billion electron volts ), and he argues that even renormalization can be verified

    例如，弦論無法以實驗來檢驗，因為弦論所涉及的能量太高，物理學家在實驗室中造不出那麼高的能量，但是鞏訥指出非可換幾何所做的預測，譬如希格斯質量（ 1600億電子伏特） ，卻是可以檢驗的，他說甚至重整化也可以證實。
  6. To achieve a reasonable charging construction, by analyzing g. harries ' s mathematics model theoretic and calculating the parameter of explosive construction by using delphi programmable language programming the program. the result analyzing of blasting test approves that optimization of explosive construction can give the economic benefit for mine

    為尋求合理的裝藥結構，對g . harrise數學模型進行了理論分析，採用delphi語言編制計算機程序計算裝藥結構參數，爆破試驗結果分析證實裝藥結構優化可以為礦山帶來經濟效益；根據分形幾何理論，探討了巖石爆破塊度的分形特徵，不同裝藥結構爆破試驗的破碎塊度均顯現出了良好的分形結構。
  7. The method for solving quadratic equation which combined arithmetic solution and geometry demonstration together by al - khw rizm probably is influenced by greek who praised highly geometry, but through analyzing carefully, his geometry seems different from " geometrical algebra " of euclid in essence, but is similar to chinese ancient mathematical method - out - in complementary - like principle

    花拉子米討論一元二次方程時所採用的算術解法與幾何論證相結合的方法似乎是受希臘人推崇幾何學的觀念的影響，但經過仔細分析，認為他的幾何證明本質上區別于歐幾里得的「幾何代數」 ，而與中國古代的「出入相補原理」更相像。
  8. The creator of geometry, he wrote a seminal math textbook in which he proved theorems by logical deduction, the backbone of all mathematics

    歐幾里德是幾何學的創始人，他帶給我們第一本數學課本，在課本中，他通過邏輯推論證明了各種定理，他是我們所有數學的「基石」 。
  9. The models of the stock price fluctuation is a mathematics model discribing the fluctuation of the stock price, it is all along the question financial scholars research over a long period of time, the models existing at present are mainly the model of randonm walk and the model of lognormal distribution etc. economists analyse the two models by authentic proof, which indicates that this two models do not fully qualify the actual stock market. in view of the above - mentioned facts, at the time some scholar have studied a new model of the stock price that even conforms to the actual stock market - that is the model of lognormal distribution

    股票價格波動模型是用於描述股票價格波動的數學模型，一直是金融學者們長期研究的問題。目前存在的模型主要有隨機遊走模型、對數正態模型等，鑒于股價波動的隨機遊走模型和對數正態模型均經過實證分析，表明不完全符合現實的股票市場，目前理論研究者提出一種更符合實際股票市場的股價模型-股價波動源模型（文[ 5 ]的作者將股價異常變化帶來的短期收益率函數附加在幾何brown運動上，推廣了對數正態模型）及研究出了另一種混合形式下（見文[ 15 ] ）的期權定價方程。
  10. Four parameters for determining the type of circuit of spherical four - bar linkage are defined. according to the relationship of these parameters, three types of circuit of spherical four - bar linkage are found, which is proved in view of geometry point. base on the theory of sphere triangle, an approach of identifying the circuit and branch defect of spherical four - bar linkage is proposed

    首先提出了四個迴路類型判斷參數，根西安理工大學博士學位論文據這些參數之間的關系，將球面4r機構迴路分為三種類型，並從幾何的觀點進行了證明;然後基於球面三角理論，提出了球面4r機構迴路及分支缺陷識別的轉角符號法，而由空間第一組機構與其等效球面4r機構迴路特性的等效性，此方法對空間第一組機構的迴路和分支缺陷的識別同樣有效。
  11. Based on the analyses on all kinds of structure and principle of hydraulic mounts, math mechanics model of hydraulic mount is set up by applying the theory of hydro - structure coupling, the mass parameters and geometry position parameters of each component in this model is imported into the software adams by entity data model established by three - dimension cad soft unigraphics. and dynamic analyse model of mount system is set up, simulation calculation is made on hydraulic mount component and mount system by using the software adams, the influence of model parameters on dynamic characteristics of hydraulic mount is analyzed and compared with experiment results, the correctness of hydraulic mount model is validated

    本文在分析各種液壓懸置結構和原理的基礎上，利用流體結構耦合理論建立了液壓懸置的數學力學模型，模型各構件的質量參數、幾何位置參數通過三維cad軟體unigraphics所創建的實體數模導入到動力學模擬軟體adams中，建立懸置系統的動力學分析模型，並運用adams軟體對液壓懸置元件及懸置系統進行了模擬計算，分析了模型參數對液壓懸置動特性的影響，並且與試驗結果作了比較分析，驗證了液壓懸置模型的正確性。
  12. As the yardstick changes of crack face is following self - similarity physics law, this paper prosecuted several deep researches on the crack face in rock mass as follows : 1 ) the fractal geometry theory is used to study the characteristic of crack face number in rock mass and a research method about three - dimension fractal distribution to crack face in rock mass was brought forward. we calculate the number of crack when the position of the crack face distribution is random and the crack face ' s slant angle and azimuth angle is certain by numeral experiment, and verify that the crack face number in rock mass comforming three - dimension fractal distribution law is correct

    1 ）應用分形幾何學理論對裂縫面數量分形分佈進行了研究，提出了巖體裂縫面數量的三維分形分佈研究方法；在巖體裂縫面隨機分佈和裂縫面分組的情況下，用數值試驗方法，分別計算各種剖面不同尺度裂縫跡線條數，證明了「巖體裂縫面數量服從三維分形分佈規律」這一巖體力學的重要物理結論。
  13. At the meantime, the rock mass may alternate between loading and unloading and it exists in certain kind of liquid, such as surface water, unconfined water, confined water etc for its intrinsic crannies. the practical rock mass concerned project must solve the key stability pr oblem after the understanding of the complicated mechanical characteristic and the deformation trends to guide the following project design and construction for the demand of security, economy, feasibility and validity. however, the intrinsic nonlinearness and complexity of the engineering rock mass become the main difficulty to predict the stability and deformation, the corresponding structure design must ensure enough safety with all the determinate or random force combination, so a model without the geometry distortion and constitutive equation warp is necessary to be built for the quantificational analysis of practical structure ' s stress, for the simulation of the real process and for the determinate evaluation system and optimization

    由於實際工程巖體其固有的非線性和復雜性，使得求解對應的諸如其穩定性、變形等問題面臨較大的困難，而有關的工程結構的設計必須保證該結構在外來因素的作用下具有足夠的安全度、經濟性和合理性，這必然要求對巖體及其工程結構的受力與變形有一套量化評判體系和優化技術，抓住實際工程問題的本質特徵並建立可行的符合幾何模擬、本構模擬、受力模擬、過程模擬四原則的求解模型，通過該模型的數值模擬成果來指導巖體工程的設計、施工及運營、管理；而巖體結構面的存在使得基於傳統連續介質力學理論的理論分析和數值模擬面臨巨大的挑戰，物理模擬的試驗周期和成本也大大增加，而巖土體工程問題則成為典型的數據有限、了解程度有限類問題，這類問題的解決需要綜合應用理論分析、經驗判斷、物理模擬和數值模擬等方法，數值模擬可以完成目前許多技術手段無法完成的實驗，如參數控制，復雜條件下的邊界條件的處理，同時數值模擬具有高可重復性，且數值模擬的成本和人力開銷等遠低於物理模擬，因此研究巖土體工程問題的流形元數值模擬方法是一項具有理論和實際工程應用價值的重要課題。
  14. This paper utilizes the software matlab to program the each working volume. it helps to analyze the volume change curve. at the same time, comparison with combination profile compressor and single circle compressor is presented, with the result that combination profile compressor has the advantages of high efficiency, little leakage and high quotient of volume using

    論文運用matlab數學軟體對新型組合曲線渦旋壓縮機的各個壓縮腔的容積進行了編程運算，對各個壓縮腔容積的變化規律給出了幾何直觀的描述，並且對組合曲線壓縮機和圓漸開線的壓縮機進行了性能對比分析，證明組合曲線渦旋壓縮機具有效率高、體積利用系數大等優點。
  15. The problem has been studied from two sides, firstly, from the viewpoint of applicability, based on the development strategic objectives of the oil company, with the aim to unify the exploration and extraction decisions of the resources in an integrated framework, and integrate the macro economic and technical objectives with micro economic and technical models of an oil well, an integrated non - linear dynamic optimal control model has been constructed, the objective is the benefit maximum of the exploration and extraction of the resources, and the optimal strategies are obtained by changing the problem into a non - linear mathematical programming problem, on the other hand, from the more macro level, based on the analysis of the characteristics of the exploration and extraction activities of oil and gas resources, a conclusion is easily deduced that the procedure is full of randomicity, then discovering procedure of oil deposit is proved to be a poisson process, and the reserves process is a supermartingale process, so the model of exploration discovery rate and the reserves model could be constructed

    本文從兩個側面對此問題進行了研究，首先從實用性出發，以公司層次的戰略性規劃目標為基礎，將勘探階段與開發階段的工程技術及經濟方面的決策整合在一個模型框架內，同時將宏觀層次的經濟技術目標與單個油氣井生產的微觀技術經濟模型相結合，以油氣資源勘探與開發的經營效益最大化為目標，建立了一個非線性確定型綜合動態優化模型，通過將原非線性最優控制問題轉化為一非線性數學規劃問題進行了求解。其次從相對更宏觀的層次上，通過對油氣資源勘探與開發的特點分析，認為具有很強的隨機性，證明了勘探活動發現油氣藏的過程為一泊松過程，所發現的油氣藏儲量為一上鞅過程，在此基礎上，建立了油氣藏勘探發現率模型及儲量模型，在油氣價格服從幾何布朗運動條件下，以油氣開採收益最大化為目標，建立了一個油氣資源勘探與開發的隨機最優控制模型，採用動態規劃方法得到了值函數的hjb方程，並針對方程的特點，以及方程及其變量所對應的經濟學意義，對最優策略的求解進行了一些討論。
  16. In order to study the regeneration mechanism of dpf in detail, we still need a mathematical model of the channel unit, which present temperature field and the soot reaction rate of the channel. finally, it points out the influences of various factors to the regeneration process by computing the numerical solution of model under different boundary conditions and geometry parameters, such as the initial temperature, the gas flow rate, the oxygen concentration, the sediment quantity and the wall thickness of the filters, and so on. in this way, the paper provides theoretical guidance for optimization design of the dpf

    首先研究了干凈壁流式過濾體的加熱特性，然後在加熱和燃燒理論的基礎上建立了微粒捕集器再生過程的數學模型，並對模型進行了數值計算，得到了捕集器內部的三維溫度場分佈以及溫度梯度分佈，結果與實驗值吻合較好，驗證了模型的正確性;為了詳細的研究微粒捕集器的再生機理，建立了孔道單元數學模型，得到了孔道內的溫度場分佈和微粒反應速率分佈;最後，通過求解模型在不同邊界條件和不同幾何參數下的數值解，分析了各種因素對再生過程的影響，如過濾體初始溫度、過濾體內氣流的流動速率、氧濃度、微粒沉積量以及過濾體壁面厚度，為微粒捕集器的優化設計提供理論指導。
  17. This dissertation presents a concrete deduce for factoring the 3d image - warping equation ; confirmed the correctness and robustness of id warp and reconstruction ; realizes the whole modeling procedure after sampling six depth images around the model ' s bounding box

    本文在理論上詳細推導了3dwarp等式的數學分解；實踐上系統論證了圖像一維warp變換的正確性和健壯性；實現了采樣幾何模型6個面的深度圖像后按包圍盒方式重新繪制模型的具體過程。
  18. Based on adaptive control theory, respectively study the system consisting of non - redundant robots and the system made up of redduant robots, proposing classes of adaptive control strategies for trajectory tracking and internal force tracking of robot manipulators with uncertainties. though the controller for the system consisting of nonredduant robots dot not satisfy the condition persistent - exciting, it guarantees the system be stable ; for the system consisting of redduant robots, firstly we derive a new dynamic equation based on the manifold embedding theory in geometry, then design a controller without solving the represser of the system

    對于非冗餘的具有參數不確定性的多個機器人系統，給出了一種自適應控制器的設計法，此控制器保證即使系統不滿足pe條件，系統的內力軌跡仍漸進穩定；對于冗餘的機器人系統，利用微分幾何中的流形嵌入理論推導出一種新的機器人動力學方程，利用此方程設計出一種無須求系統回歸矩陣的控制器，從而提高了系統的運算速度。
  19. It should be emphasized that the experiment was designed to test the influence of a specific training technique based on schema theory for the students " english reading comprehension, but it was not to intended to test the schema theory per se. there are five parts in this thesis. the first part stated the purpose and significance of the experiment ; the second part was about literature review ; the third part illustrated the correlations between the schema theory and english reading comprehension and how the teacher helped the students activate the schemata stored in the minds ; the fourth part was our experimental design ; the fifth part was our conclusion, that is, the experimental methodology had a significant effect on improving the students " english reading

    文章包括以下幾部分：第一部分闡述了做這項實驗的目的，意義；第二部分回顧了近年來對一語和二語或外語理論或模式的研究和實踐；第三部分著重研究了圖式理論和外語閱讀的關系及其教師如何幫助學生激活相關圖式以提高其外語閱讀理解能力；第四部分通過實驗調查來證實圖式理論對學生外語閱讀理解能力的影響；第五部分通過用社會學統計軟體包（簡稱spss ）對實驗結果的數據進行分析，得出了這樣的結論：圖式理論對提高學生的外語閱讀理解能力有很大的影響。
  20. In practical level, the paper puts forward some proposes, such as " using dynamic geometry software ", " extending curriculum ' s extent ", " integrating visual geometry ", " using pattern in algebraic teaching ", " popularizing shape calculator ", " turning teacher ' s teaching concept ", and so on. in theoretical level, the paper puts forward " one base, two bases, four emphases " for our country ' s mathematics curriculum reform. namely, the reform should be based on dialectical materialism, carrying forward the fine traditions of " two bases " and " basic ability ", paying attention to students " emotion and discovering process, integration of technology, the contact between mathematics study and life a, pluralistic evaluate

    在操作層面，關于「空間與圖形」內容標準提出「動態幾何軟體的應用」 、 「擴大課程的廣度」和「直觀幾何的整合」的建議，關于「數與代數」標準提出「模式的引入」和「圖形計算器的推廣」的建議，關于「統計與概率」標準提出「數學分支的整合」 、 「轉變教師的教學觀念」和「計算工具的使用」的建議；在理論探索層面，提出「一個基礎，兩個基本點，四個注重」的改革思路，即：以辯證唯物主義為哲學基礎，發揚「雙基」和「基本能力」培養的傳統優勢，注重學生的情感體驗和發現過程，注重技術與數學教學的整合，注重數學學習與學生生活空間的聯系，注重評價方式的多元化。
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