負擔成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fùdānchéngběn]
負擔成本 英文
burdened cost
  • 負 : Ⅰ名詞1 （負擔） burden; load 2 （虧損） loss 3 （失敗） defeat Ⅱ動詞1 [書面語] （背） carry on th...
  • 擔 : 擔動詞1. （用肩膀挑） carry on a shoulder pole 2. （擔負; 承當） take on; undertake
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 負擔 : 1. （承當） bear （a burden）; shoulder 2. （承受的責任） burden; load; encumbrance; freight
  1. Costs incurred for intermediary and agent business or for acting as assignee

    指因居間及代理業務或受委?等所應負擔之成本。
  2. The third part of this article mainly discusses the causal relationship in market manipulation, which is a block of the enforcement of the law against market fraudulences. because market manipulation is a kind of special tort, the author agree on the use of the " proof to the contrary " theory to lighten the proof burden of the damaged party in causal relationship. besides, this part also discusses such issues as how to decide the scope of legal plaintiffs, how to assess the losses of the damaged party

    本文第三部分「操縱市場的因果關系研究」從民法一般的因果關系理論入手，並結合操縱市場的侵權行為中因果關系的特殊性，論述了操縱市場的侵權行為中因果關系是否成立的判斷標準，並主張對因果關系在民事訴訟中舉證責任的分配應突破「法律要件分類說」的要求，適用因果關系舉證責任倒置的做法，即由操縱市場案件中的被告負擔證明責任成立因果關系不成立的舉證責任，否則即推定因果關系成立。
  3. Law experts and sociologists in japan also believe jail capacity would be facing big challenge and lifers would be huge burden for government, once ds is gone

    日本一些法律和社會問題專家也認為，一旦廢除死刑，日本監獄將人滿為患，被終生監禁的犯人將成為政府的巨大負擔。
  4. The simple story is in the world of the animation is an absolute main factor, a complicated story details turns and twists confusing link for see an animation of the audience is a tremendous burden, the market need that is in present the top interest has already replaced a traditional story to spread chen, at this interest in command age how expressed a plot to become the most important topic with the simple story, very clearly, advertise from the film of the way can feel what kind of the topic just is the need of the consumer, passed by high cost to create greatly of the advertisement mode has already not been reseen this several years, take but the generation is a film to have many interests much play, this be the typical simple story description complicated plot, give examples to say : the movie “ shrike ” is a very typical example, pure of save a princess of plot, continuously of pound at audience by the plot of " be contrary with traditional thinking " of thinking mode, i still remember at that time see that slice through behind appear details of hear the public discussion interest continuously, but hear half personal say this drama of story have much good, in fact such manuscript was the best animation manuscript, letting the audience acquire they want of plot but don ' t be pack with complicated story, this just is the animation dramatize of the tallest state, because of would like to spend money to enter into theater or spend money to purchase dvd consumer, all is want to open happy heart ' s appreciating film bear, have no burden, also be spend money to buy happy, want to remind specially of " the writing animation manuscript not is write to personal satisfy own creations desire but is face all appreciate of crowd "

    在動畫的世界里簡單的故事是絕對的要素，一個復雜的故事情節曲折迷離的環節對于看動畫的觀眾是一項極大的負擔，在現今的市場需求上趣味已經取代了傳統的故事鋪陳，在這個趣味掛帥的年代怎麼樣用簡單的故事來表現劇情變成了最重要的課題，很明確地，從影片廣告的方式可以感受到什麼樣的主題才是消費者的需求，過去高成本大製作的廣告模式這幾年已不復見，取而代之的是影片有多趣味多好玩，這就是典型的簡單故事描述復雜的劇情，舉例來說：電影史瑞克就是一個很典型的例子，單純的救公主的劇情，不斷的以「與傳統思維相反」的劇情沖擊著觀眾的思考模式，我還記得當時看完該片后出場不斷的聽到眾人討論趣味的情節，但是卻沒有聽到半個人說這部戲的故事有多棒，其實這樣的劇本就是最好的動畫劇本，讓觀眾獲得他們想要的劇情卻不以復雜的故事包裝，這才是動畫編劇的最高境界，因為願意花錢進到戲院或是花錢購買dvd的消費者，都是想開開心心的觀賞影片沒有負擔、沒有包袱，也就是花錢買開心，特別要提醒的「寫作動畫劇本並不是寫給個人滿足自己的創作慾望而是面對所有欣賞的人群」 。
  5. Fault location techniques are used to pinpoint location of the fault on a tra - nsmission line. transmission line faults must be located accurately to allow maintena - nce crew to arrive at the scene and repair the faulted section as soon as possible, which can relief the burdens of patrol personnel and reduce the revenue losses due to power outage. the accurate fault location alogrithms play an important role in power system safety, economy and reliability. in this paper, diversified fault location algorithms are summarized. according to the principles of algorithms, they can be classified into two categories : impedence based algorithm and traveling wave based algorithm. based on the analysis and comparission of each algorithm, the corresponding merits and app - lication limitations are presented

    精確的故障定位為現場巡線工作人員及時提供準確、可靠的信息，減輕人工巡線的負擔，同時加快線路的恢復供電，減少因停電造成的綜合經濟損失，為提高電力系統運行的安全性、經濟性和可靠性發揮重要的作用。本文總結了現有的各種測距方法，根據測距的原理將其分為阻抗法和行波法兩大類，對各種演算法的優缺點及適用范圍進行了分析，在此基礎上提出了一種組合的測距方案，並對演算法進行了模擬分析。
  6. The author believe that copper cable will be replaced by fiber as the development of network, but now most fiber lan use a switch with fiber interface to get full - duplex operation, and the most important obstacle in deploying fiber lan is the high price of the switch. only some big company can afford the fiber switch and the switches often work in man. in order to lower the costs of gigabit optical lan, this paper presents a workgroup optical network base on passive star coupler ( psc )

    作者堅信，隨著網路技術的發展，光纖一定會代替銅纜成為網路的主流傳輸介質，目前光纖本身的價格也可以為客戶所接受；但是影響光纖介質的局域網推廣普及的一個重要因素，就是目前市面上的光網路都採用了全雙工交換機，而光纖介面的交換機尤其是千兆位的交換機價格很高，多用於校園網或城域網；只有極少數大型企業能夠負擔，影響了光纖網路的部署。
  7. This development has put filmmaking within the means of many more independent producers, who no longer have to pay for film stock and processing ( which are often among the biggest expenses of a low - budget movie )

    這項發展讓更多獨立製片人得以拍片，因為他們不再需要負擔底片費與沖印費（這兩項費用向來是低成本電影最大的開銷） 。
  8. I will borrow terms as " external finance premium ", " net worth ", " coverage ratio " and " financial accelerator ", etc. to demonstrate the transmission mechanism and process of different channels in context of asymmetric information and credit market imperfections. the sizes of firms and their alternative funding sources, which may significantly influence the transmission process

    本文將借用「企業外部融資成本」 、企業可抵押資產「凈價值」 、 「利息負擔率」 、 「財務加速器」等概念，詳細闡述信息不對稱及信貸市場存在缺陷條件下各種貨幣政策傳導渠道發揮作用的機理和傳導過程，同時，強調企業規模及其外部融資渠道的多少對貨幣政策傳導的影響。
  9. In china, during the planned economy era, the government held the planned price regulation model, the price of municipal public utilities production was on or under the brim of marginal cost to reflect the strategy of commonweal, the government undertaked the deficit of municipal public utilities enterprise

    建國以來，在計劃經濟思想的指導下，國家一直對城市公用事業採取指令性價格的規制管理模式。出於公益性的考慮，城市公用事業產品的價格一直以低於平均成本甚至低於邊際成本的價格提供給消費者，企業經營所造成的虧損全部由國家負擔。
  10. Put forward my proposal about the reformation of the taxation system, as well as the complementary measures, it is the surface that farmers " burden is caused by the primary government who charge farmers excessively, the deep reason is the unbalance developing strategy for national ecnomic and the difference between the city and the rural earea. link theory with the prctising program interal and external, i put forward my proposal to abolish agricultural tax, practice the same taxation, set up land rent system

    過分地掘取農業剩餘的同時，還實行重城輕鄉的公共產品分配政策，造成農村財政呈「缺血」狀態，不得已實行「三提五統」收費制來解決農村公共產品的提供問題，制定製度出發點的錯誤以及制度本身的不完善，造成「三亂」久治不愈；其次，由於行政管理體制改革滯后，機構臃腫，冗員過多；再加上農民反負成本高，反負意識差和農村制度供給的路徑依賴性，造成農民負擔越發沉重，並成為中國許多問題的根源。
  11. Especially in the west, christmas is now characterised ( sadly ) by commercialisation and materialism, imposing a significant cost burden particularly on families

    尤其是在西方，耶誕節現在的特色（很遺憾地）為商品化與物質化，因而增加了許多成本負擔，特別是在家庭上，這是否值得？
  12. Specific measure is social insurance device unite to enterprise and worker according to fixed computational cardinal number and extraction scale collect emeritus fee, form the emeritus fund that consolidates management by social insurance device, extend according to the real need of emeritus charge again retired worker, in order to change emeritus charge complete by the practice of this company load, solve company load thereby the problem of emeritus charge attach too much weight to this and too little weight to that, the equal competition that is an enterprise creates a condition

    具體辦法是社會保險機構按照一定的計算基數與提取比例向企業和職工統一徵收退休費用，形成由社會保險機構統一治理的退休基金，再按照退休費用的實際需要發放給退休職工，以改變退休費用完全由本企業負擔的做法，從而解決企業負擔退休費用畸輕畸重的問題，為企業的平等競爭創造條件。
  13. This study thoroughly analyzes the farmers " over - burden and the reason of gradual cryptic and complicated at all points, such as macroinstitution system background, the disadvantage of traditional distribution system, the externality of farmers " burden, the cost of farmers " cooperation and objection, the substitutive mechanism of agricultural tax and the collection cost of burden above tax

    本研究從宏觀制度背景、傳統分配體制積弊、農民負擔的外部性、農民合作及反對成本、農業稅收替代機制、稅外負擔的徵收成本等方面對農民負擔過重並日漸隱性化、復雜化的原因進行了深入剖析。
  14. As a grass - roots unit of petroleum production, the oil production crew has two major tasks : extraction and productive cost control

    採油隊作為原油生產的基層單位，擔負著原油生產任務和生產成本控制兩項重任。
  15. Users of the resource centre materials shall indemnify the centre against any losses, damages or expenses incurred to the centre arising from a breach of these guidelines

    倘因違反本守則而造成館藏資料遺失損毀，或招致本館負擔額外的開支，使用者均須作出賠償。
  16. Actually, we have been charged more cost of the german trainer, and we really are unable to afford

    由於目前整個供應商因為越來越難拿不斷漲價，我們實在是無法再負擔成本，希望大家可以諒解!
  17. This policy allows a ? exible profitallocation between the members in the chain. it also put the supplier and theretailer to accept the coordination

    而且，我們所研究的機制，在供應鏈各成員間的負擔成本具有相當的靈活性。
  18. Chapter iii : the cost analysis about the rural public goods burden in our country. the rural public goods burden on farmers is a broad meaning of " peasant burden ". it includes all the related public goods cost and shared fee on peasants

    第三章:我國農村居民公共產品負擔成本分析我國農村居民負擔的公共產品成本實質上是廣義的「農民負擔」 ，包括所有與農民有關的公共產品成本和費用分攤。
  19. Li added that the deployable capital of private corporations and the savings of the public now amounted to four trillion dollars. he suggested that the government adopt the mode of private investment in collaborating with private corporations in implementing large - scale infrastructural developments. in this way, it could make use of existing resources in society to invest in the future and let the future users share the costs

    李家祥亦指，目前私人企業可動用資金及市民儲蓄共達四萬億元，建議政府可以透過私人投資方式，與私人企業合作推行大型基建，可借用現有社會資源去投資未來，由將來的享用者負擔成本。
  20. Changing demographics and growing wealth are driving the demand for quality health care among urban dwellers, at the same time as soe reform is leaving many with reduced access and higher personal costs. systemic problems have left many rural dwellers with significantly diminished access to affordable basic health care

    與此同時，國有企業的改革卻增加了許多人的個人就醫成本，降低了他們獲得醫療衛生服務的能力。體制方面所存在的問題也使許多農村居民負擔基本醫療衛生服務的能力大為降低。
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