責任分界點 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zérènfēnjièdiǎn]
責任分界點 英文
responsibility transfer point
  • 責 : Ⅰ名詞（責任） duty; responsibility Ⅱ動詞1 （要求做成某事或行事達到一定標準） demand; ask for; req...
  • 任 : 任名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 分 : 分Ⅰ名詞1. （成分） component 2. （職責和權利的限度） what is within one's duty or rights Ⅱ同 「份」Ⅲ動詞[書面語] （料想） judge
  • 界 : 名詞1 （相交的地方; 劃分的界限） boundary 2 （一定的范圍） scope; extent 3 （按職業、工作或性別等...
  • 點 : Ⅰ名詞1 （液體的小滴） drop （of liquid） 2 （細小的痕跡） spot; dot; speck 3 （漢字的筆畫「、」）...
  • 責任 : 1. （應做的事） duty; responsibility 2. （應承擔的過失） responsibility for a fault or wrong; blame
  1. There are comprehensive research and discuss on the constitute of result - aggravated crime and classify of it, and on uncompleted - pattern of it and coacting offence, foundation of criminal responsibility, punishment principle in chinese and foreign criminal law academe, and advancing various points of view in various aspects. there are very intensive theoretical disputes

    中外刑法學界對結果加重犯的構成、分類、未遂問題、共同犯罪問題、刑事責任根據、處罰原則等問題進行了廣泛的研究和探討，提出了結果加重犯各個方面的不同觀點，理論爭議較為激烈。
  2. This text takes civi 1 responsibil ity of securities fraud as objective of study, and legislative and judicial experiences of other developed countries and regions as references. combined with the present situation of domestic securities market, via the comparison and analysis of the systems of civil responsibility of anti - securities fraud between domestic and abroad, and through the classified study of five typical civil responsibilities of securities fraud practices, we have precisely discussed the fundamental theory and the key points of civil responsibility of securities fraud, concluded essential formations of civil responsibility of securities fraud, and in the end, it proposes the legislative orientation, principles for civil responsibility of securities fraud, as well as suggestions for system improvement

    本文以證券欺詐民事責任為研究對象，借鑒世界證券市場發達國家和地區的立法和司法經驗，結合我國證券市場的現實，通過對中外各國反證券欺詐民事責任制度的比較分析，對五種典型的證券欺詐行為民事責任的分類研究，深入探討了證券欺詐民事責任的基本理論和難點問題，歸納論述了證券欺詐民事責任的構成要件，最後提出了我國證券欺詐民事責任制度的立法定位、立法原則及完善相關制度的幾點構想。
  3. The first part : the general description of promoter ' s civil liability this part generally describes some problems including the conception of promoter the features of promoter ' s liability etc. as to some controversial issues such as the conception of promoter, corporation de facto, the author promotes personal viewpoints and makes preparations for the whole passage, on the basis of the introduction of academic attitudes

    文章分為四部分。第一部分：發起人民事責任概述該部分主要概述發起人民事責任的概念、特點等。對于發起人概念的界定以及發起人存在載體?設立中公司法律地位等問題，筆者在介紹學界的觀點的基礎上提出自己的意見並闡述了理由，為下文所涉及的概念術語及相關前沿理論問題作了必要的鋪墊。
  4. The minor crime become a very serious social problem all over the world in 21st century. . some people considered the minor crime is as intractable as environment pollution and freak - out. the minor crime is also a big deal in our country, more and more people is focus on it. i choose the duty of law, of the main part of minor crime to open out my research in order to prevent the minor crime and bring forword reasonalized advice to family education, moral construction in schools and the environment that minors grow - up in.

    21世紀，未成年人犯罪成為當今世界各國十分重視的社會問題，有人將未成年人犯罪與環境污染、販毒吸毒並列為世界三大公害。在我國，未成年人犯罪同樣是一個比較嚴重的社會問題，成為人們關注的焦點。為預防未成年人犯罪，給當前家庭教育、學校未成年人思想道德建設、未成年人成長的社會環境提出合理化建議，我選擇了未成年人犯罪的法律責任主體專題開展了研究。
  5. From published articles about news tort, participants in news circle pay more attention to supervision and priority of liberty value of news but others to importance of protecting legal rights of citizens and legal person. on the whole, the research in tort act law is in beginning and there are so many problems in the stage of imploration and discussion. therefore, that brings about certain difficulty to authorities so as to use different value standard in different courts, which is disadvantageous to seriousness of law and to active function of news medium just as for question about compensation for spiritual harm

    在分析理論界不同觀點和意見分歧的基礎上，闡述了作者自己的觀點，認為新聞侵權民事責任適用過錯責任歸責原則，其構成要件仍符合傳統侵權行為法意義上的四要件說，但在表現形式上有其特殊之處，體現在:第一，行為人通過大眾傳媒實施了有損特定公民和法人人格權的行為;第二，新聞侵權行為造成了一定的損害事實;第三，行為與損害結果之間有因果關系;第四，新聞侵權行為人有過錯。
  6. History circumstances and theory background of our state - owned enterprise reformation in the stage 1 are described in the first part of the article, it also commented on the important theory argument, and the inquirement of theory circle of this particular period chiefly centered on problems such as the relation between plan and market as well as the quality of enterprise etc. the reformation measure of the state - owned enterprise reforms in the stage 2 is looked back in the second part of this article, and our country state - owned enterprise reforms had transferred form simply endowing enterprise with benefit to many kinds of experimental units existing side by side such as the contract system, the job responsibility system of capital and property management and the share system etc. according to the content of economics circle argument, i divided this stage to

    根據經濟學界爭論的內容，我將這一階段劃分為兩個時期，前一時期（ 1985年? ? 1988年）理論界主要就企業股問題、股份制問題、資產經營承包責任制問題、國有資產的經營管理問題展開討論;后一時期（ 1989年? ? 1997年）討論的焦點有「科斯定理」與我國國有企業改革的關系，產權理論和重塑我國產權制度。文章第三部分描述了1997年以來國有企業改革的情況，在十五大精神指引下，我國國有企業改革繼續向縱深方向發展。這一階段理論界爭論的焦點有「現代企業制度」問題，國有經濟戰略調整問題以及對現實中出現的各種「經理行為」的解析。
  7. We invited thought leaders to share with us their revolutionary ideas on issues critical to business operation ; we created a platform for industry leaders to voice their philosophies of business and management ; we encouraged in - depth discussion on effective management through real - life cases ; and we wrote cover stories to unveil the inside of a man that makes him so successful. through these efforts, we want to make the journal a real link between the school and the alumni, and between the academics and the business world

    我們不僅為校友帶來了菲利浦科特勒亨利明茨伯格等世界級大師的最新聲音，也與大家分享了我們教授的最新觀點和研究成果我們邀請企業領袖做客「管理論壇」 ，探討管理之道我們開展「案例討論」 ，解剖企業成功得失我們引導讀者「時事關注」 ，透析當前社會熱點喚醒企業家的責任與意識我們撰寫「人物故事」 ，討論如何做人做事。
  8. This part, by way of how state - owned railway industry and railway transportation networks relation, analyzes the problems in railway industry on defining the state - owned assets, function establishing, carrying out the responsibility and the dealership, and establishing mordern industry system and inspired system for railway netsworks, also encounter, etc., analyzing characteristics of changsha and other railway industry, to compare with europe, japan and russianjanalyzes what problems are with railway industry and transportation networks in the process of " enterprises independent, financing dividing, staff separating " and are with changsha railway industry in scale, facilities, capitals, quality of staff members and the violently competed environment inside and outside, etc. ; studing substance, special feature, principle, check - up target for railway industry perform capital responsibilities. in railway industry enterprises and manaing, investigates how to classify railway industry and transportation networks ' s managemen t scope - sticking to assets basis establishing market position of railway industry, endowing sufficient and free dealership to enterprises, at the same time, creating effectively supervised confined system ; analyzes chang tie machine - loading mill decline its competion - power can be behaved makes readers better understand some main problems in managing railway industry and why the problems occurs, at last some relevant countermeasures are proposed to solve these problems

    面對激烈的市場競爭環境，研究工附業企業的經營管理現狀，找出應對措施具有十分重要的意義。本文從鐵路工附業企業與運輸主業的關系，分析了鐵路工附業在國有資產的界定、職能定位、企業經營責任和經營權的落實、鐵路建立現代企業制度、企業如何建立有效的監督機制以及存在的三個不到位等方面的問題；分析了路內和長沙鐵路工附業的特點，比較了歐洲、俄羅斯和日本鐵路經營管理的特點；分析了鐵路工附業企業與運輸主業在「企業分設、財務分賬、人員分開」過程中，長沙鐵路工附業企業在規模、設備、資金、人員素質以及內外部激烈的競爭環境等方面面臨的問題；研究鐵路實行資產經營責任制的內涵和特徵、必須堅持的原則，提出了工附業實行資產經營責任制的考核指標及主要內容。
  9. On the basis of the principal of traditional civil and commercial law, by the way of researching on the related legal systems of different countries and regions and relavant conventions and rules comparatively, using for reference of theories and ideas of the law and economics reasonably, this aticle clarifys the concept of international multimodal transport, making analysis of the legal status of multimodal transport operator, freight forwarder and terminal operator and the legal relationship between them and the cargo party. simultaneously, the paper mainly studies the liability regime of the multimodal transport operator and the uniformity thereof. finally, the paper designs the preliminary legal framework of the liability regime of multimldal transport operator of china and it is hoped to be beneficial to study and improve the liability regime of international multimodal transport operator

    本文從傳統民商法的基本原理出發，對世界各國和地區相關法律制度以及現有公約與規則採用比較分析的方法，同時合理借鑒法律經濟學的相關理論和觀點，對國際貨物多式聯運予以界定，對國際貨物多式聯運經營人與貨運代理人、港站經營人的法律地位，他們之間以及他們與貨物利益方之間的權利義務關系進行分析，並在此基礎上著重對貨物多式聯運的核心法律問題，即多式聯運經營人責任制度進行研究，並對國際貨物多式聯運經營人責任制度的統一進行探討，最後本文提出我國多式聯運經營人責任制度的初步法律框架，希望能對國際以及我國多式聯運經營人責任制度的研究和完善有所助益。
  10. However, according to the bifurcated approach to problems of causation, the scope of damages that defined by the " cause in fact " is provided with the probability of enlargement infinitely and uncertainty, so it is necessary to restrict the scope of damages by some legal means within the meaning of techniques of law. meantime, it is unfair that the risk of transaction is only undertaked by the defaulting party, so it is necessary to make use of some legal means to delimit the reasonable damages for the defaulting party

    首先，筆者提出：根據全部賠償原則，違約方應賠償因其違約行為給合同債權人造成的所有損害，而借用國外學者關于因果關系二分法的觀點，該「事實上的因果關系」所劃定的損害賠償范圍具有無限擴大的可能性和不確定性，因此從法技術講，就有必須要利用一些法律手段對該賠償范圍予以限界；同時，交易活動本身固有的風險單由合同違約方承擔也是不公平的，因此也有必要利用一些法律手段為違約方劃定一個合理的賠償責任范圍。
  11. Located on the common boundary of shanxi, hebei and henan provinces, by the side of provincial standard road and at the northern part of tongye town - - - - a historical famous town, anyang yulong coal coking company is neighboring to many state level key enterprises, such as hongling coal mine, zhujiao coal mine and hebei guangtai coal mine

    安陽縣豫龍煤炭焦化有限責任公司地處晉、冀、豫三省交界處，歷史名鎮銅冶鎮北，緊靠省級公路鶴崗大道，周圍分部著紅嶺煤礦、主焦煤礦，河北觀臺煤礦等國家級重點企業。
  12. The section sums up the main problems and expounds the four focuses : 1. the time for the constitution of the joint crime of kidnapping by force ; 2. the mistakes of the joint crime of kidnapping by force ; 3. the constitution of the discontinuation of the crime for individuals in the joint crime of kidnapping by force ; 4. the criminal liability in the joint crime of kidnapping by force

    本部分集中歸納並論述了綁架罪在司法實務中與共同犯罪的認定有關的四個焦點問題： 1 、綁架罪中成立共同犯罪的時間界點； 2 、綁架共同犯罪中的認識錯誤； 3 、綁架共同犯罪中，對個別共犯人犯罪中止的認定； 4 、綁架犯罪中，共同犯罪人的刑事責任問題。
  13. By studying and contrasting the exclusionary rule of material evidences obtained illegally in some typical nations and districts, this paper firstly revealed the law of emergence and development of the exclusionary rule of material evidences obtained illegally and its theoretical basis. secondly, it evaluated different viewpoints about the rule, proposed and explained that there were two stages in establishing the rule in china. finally, it designed series of operation sequences for the rule, such as start, affirmation, burden of proof and standard of proof, so as to fulfill it successfully

    本文首先通過對某些具有代表性的國家和地區有關非法實物證據排除規則的立法和司法實踐進行了考察、對比，揭示了其產生、發展變化的規律和賴以生存的理論基礎；然後重點評析了我國理論界關于非法實物證據應否排除的各種觀點並提出我國建立非法實物證據排除規則應分二步走的理由和具體設想；最後，為了保證非法實物證據排除規則能在我國真正貫徹落實，本文還對非法實物證據排除程序的啟動、確認、證明責任及其標準等一系列操作程序問題進行了設計。
  14. The article defines the audit report ' s authenticity, accuracy and completeness regulated in the securities law according to the revision of some detailed auditing rules ; defines the cpa ' s ordinary negligence, gross negligence and fraud according to cpa ' s profession characteristics ; classifies the degree of wrongs of cpas and burden of proof : when audit report exists in the prospectus or listing statement, cpa is liable for ordinary negligence ; when it exists in annual report, cpa is liable for gross negligence, these negligence are inferred by law

    由於對注冊會計師的過錯也存在不同看法，本部分根據其職業特點，對其過錯的含義重新界定。根據審計報告所出現的披露文件的影響范圍不同，對注冊會計師承擔責任的過錯程度及舉證進行區分，出現在招股說明書與上市報告書中時，注冊會計師承擔普通過失責任，出現在年度報告中時，承擔重大過失責任，且都由法律推定過失存在，但如果要想讓注冊會計師承擔故意責任時，原告需負舉證責任。
  15. The author combined with the overseas legislation of voluntary surrender system, and that puts emphasis on critical analysis on some viewpoints on the concept, essence and requisite conditions of surrender, furthermore, the author makes a comparatively overall exposition and analysis on surrender identity and criminal responsibility of surrender in special circumstances combined with the general theory of voluntary surrender system, the author also puts forward several ways of improving voluntary surrender system

    本文從自首制度的歷史演變入手，並結合國外自首制度的立法，在著重批判分析刑法學界關于自首概念、本質、構成要件的觀點的同時，結合自首制度的一般理論，對特殊情形下自首的認定以及自首犯的刑事責任問題進行了比較全面的論述和分析。最後，還對自首制度的進一步完善提出了幾個方向。
  16. And on the basis of that, it is of great significance to achieve healthy development of the profession. the dissertation defines the law concepts relative to cpa civil liability firstly, then it focuses on the analysis of the following controversial areas in law : definitive principles for auditing tort liability, the judging criteria of fault etc., and it states the legal status of independent auditing standards from the perspective of law ; further, to complete the law analysis, the dissertation analyzes definitive principles of the cpa ’ s legal liability and the game between the interest of social publics and the interest of cpa from the perspective of economics. then, by reviewing different legal status of generally accepted auditing standards in different historical periods in american, the author studies the legal status of independent auditing standards in china regarding our specific legal and economic environment

    本文首先從注冊會計師民事法律責任相關的法律概念入手，重點對審計侵權責任的歸責原則、過錯判斷標準等一些在法學界存在爭議的關鍵領域展開分析，從法律角度闡述了獨立審計準則法律地位問題;進而從經濟學的視角對注冊會計師民事責任歸責原則和社會公眾與注冊會計師的利益博弈展開了分析，作為對法律分析的輔證;然後在考察借鑒不同歷史時期美國獨立審計準則法律地位的基礎上，結合我國特定的法律和經濟等環境，對我國獨立審計準則的法律地位問題進行了研究，認為:獨立審計準則具有一定的法律地位，應當作為我國注冊會計師法律責任認定的一般原則，但並非判斷注冊會計師執業時是否存在「過失」的唯一基準。
  17. Adopting the analyses including comparative law, positive law, positive jurisprudence, social jurisprudence, economics jurisprudence and the related theories of statistic, institution economics, economics and law, this paper introduces and evaluates the foreign and the domestic relative legislations of manipulation. the concept of manipulation is clearly defined and divided into three types according to the object behavior. this paper deals with the civil liabilities of manipulation from the ways of material law and procedural law

    本文試圖以一個新的視角，運用比較分析、實證分析、法社會學分析、法經濟學分析方法，藉助統計學、制度經濟學、經濟學和法學的相關理論，對其概念進行了界定，分析了國內外操縱市場行為的特點和立法的利弊，並結合我國「股權分置」改革和「全流通」的背景，從實體法和程序法兩個層面對操縱市場的民事責任的相關制度進行了探索。
  18. Shifting the burden of proof of is the special provision and exception of the principle of burden of proof, during drafting " civil evidence code ", divergences about how to regulate the burden of proof appear, jurists have diffirent opinions on it, this paper set out from those divergences and disputes, discussing in detail with six sections : the disputes on the shifting the burden of proof, reasonable define the conception about shifting the burden of proof, the relation of shifting the burden of proof and deduction, shifting the burden of proof in present law and regulations, the function of shifting the burden of proof and the civil cases suitable for this regulation, legislative proposition. this artical elabrates the theoretical and realistic foundation of shifting the burden of proof. moreover, shifting the burden of proof is a phenomenon of proceeding and other regulations of solution to disputation, it is not confined to those laws and regulations of procedure, but also exist in substantial law

    舉證責任倒置是舉證責任分配規則中的特殊與例外，在民事證據法的草擬過程中對舉證責任倒置的存廢與否產生了分歧，法學界對此的觀點也呈現出百花齊放的態勢，本文從舉證責任倒置爭議與分歧的觀點出發，基於舉證責任倒置存在與否的爭議、舉證責任倒置概念的合理界定、舉證責任倒置與推定的關系、舉證責任倒置在我國現行法律中的體現、舉證責任倒置的功能及可適用民事案件的具體類型、舉證責任倒置立法完善的構想共六個部分具體闡述，從理論角度、司法實踐及立法構想三個不同的視角分析舉證責任倒置在我國的存在的理論意義、現實意義與立法前景，表明舉證責任倒置不僅在我國具有立法基礎而且有實踐環境，闡述舉證責任倒置雖然是出現于訴訟或是解決爭議的其他程序中的一個現象，但它又不局限於訴訟及其他解決爭議的程序規范，從現有的法律規范及法律實踐來看，舉證責任倒置與實體法是「同呼吸，共命運」的，用句老話說就是「皮之不存，毛將焉附? 」
  19. But in recent years along with enterprise interior personnel structure change, postal service enterprise in salary system aspect contradiction day by day prominent, the wage level and the market price position come apart, the position wages cannot reflect the position value, the achievements system of examining and assessment lacked may operational, the assignment way still quite sole, different had the contradiction as a result of the staff status which the same labor different reward phenomenon initiated to be very prominent, neglects the different post to undertake the difference which the different work responsibility produced, still continued to use the tradition in the achievements inspection, take experiences judges as the main body achievements inspection method, the staff individual income and the contribution size is not close, the varying degree has the egalitarianism,

    薪酬設計中既兼顧影響薪酬的各種因素，又突出重點。優化后的薪酬體系，以工作評價和工作分析為基礎，通過對每一個崗位的職責、任職資格、工作成果進行清晰地界定，並確定與該職位相匹配的價值和報酬體系，為從事不同類屬工作的員工設計相應的職業發展通道，同時根據員工業績評估周期，將員工的薪酬與個人績效和企業的持續發展緊密地聯系在一起，體現了多勞多得的分配原則，實現同工同酬;建立一個能夠激勵員工不斷奮發向上的心理環境;使員工能夠與組織同分享因組織成長所帶來收益。
  20. The nature of guaranty liability this dissertation analyzes different viewpoints of the academic field, absorbing some acceptable viewpoints and hold the viewpoint that guaranty liability is a unilateral liability ( a compensated liability without consideration ), a compensatory liability ( general liability having right of plea for preference claims ), a secondary liability, a probable liability ( not a necessary liability ), a paying liability for others

    關于保證責任性質文章針對當今學術界不同的觀點進行分析、羅列，本著「擇其善者而從之」的方法，不人云亦云，認為保證責任性質是單方性責任， （而非對價的有償責任） ;是補充性責任（一般保證有先訴抗辯權） ;是從屬性責任;是或然性責任， （而非必然性責任） ;是代償性責任等。
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