資本勞動比率 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zīběnláodòngbǐlǜ]
資本勞動比率 英文
capital labor ratio
  • 資 : Ⅰ名詞1 （錢財; 費用） money; wealth; expenses 2 （資質） intelligence; endowment 3 （資格） quali...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 勞 : Ⅰ動詞1 （勞動） work; labour 2 （煩勞） put sb to the trouble of; trouble sb with sth : 勞您費心...
  • 比 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較; 較量高下、 長短、距離、好壞等） compare; compete; contrast; match; emulate 2 （比...
  • 率 : 率名詞（比值） rate; ratio; proportion
  • 資本 : 1 （經營工商業的本錢） capital 2 （牟取利益的憑借） what is capitalized on; sth used to one s own...
  • 比率 : ratio; proportion; rate比率計 ratio meter
  1. After the middle period in 1990 ' s, capital - labor ratio accelerates quickly, at the same time the invest efficiency gets worse depravation, the economy growth depends on excessively the fixed as sets investment, early capital deepening begins to affect our country ' s economic further growing

    近年我國的「資本勞動比率」 「資本產出」比率變化情況表明，在20世紀90年代中後期，我國經濟中出現了資本密度加速上升現象。
  2. From the second to the fifth chapter such problems concerning state - owned property right are illustrated respectively as its definition, valuation and price fixing and capital sources of undertaking party and the disposal and use of transfer income. problems are raised with regard to the process of current property right system diversity in state - owned enterprises, such as the disagreement to the definition of state - owned property right, no standard of evaluation, imperfection of price fixing system and relative confusion of transfer income disposal and use. what ' s more, new solutions are offered : the probe into state - owned property right definition " changsha model " is confirmed positively ; two specific ways of quantification - - " the method of average growth rate of state - owned property right " and " the method of average cost of labor in market " ; the concept " present value of earnings " is applied to the property evaluation of receivable accounts, finished goods, invisible assets and so on ; the unjust in price fixing of state - owned property right can be avoided by improving property valuation methods, perfecting capital market especially property right trading market and bettering information publishing system ; as to the guarantee problem of human resources financial contribution, an original key is offered

    第一章運用產權理論對國企產權多元化改革進行經濟學分析；第二章至第五章主要圍繞國有產權的界定問題、評估問題、定價問題、承接方的資金來源問題、轉讓收入的處置運用問題分別進行闡述，指出了當前國企產權多元化過程中存在著國有產權界定不統一、評估不規范、定價機制不完善、處置運用相對混亂等諸多問題，並提出新的解決思路：肯定國有產權界定「長沙模式」的積極探索意義，提出量化職工創造剩餘價值的「國有資產平均增長率法」和「平均市場勞動成本法」 ；將「收益現值」概念運用到對應收賬款、產成品、無形資產等資產評估之中；應從完善資產評估方法、完善資本市場特別是產權交易市場和健全信息公開機制三個方面來解決國有產權定價不公問題；就人力資本出資的擔保問題提出實際債務承擔額（比例）應小於名義出資額（比例）的新思路，並認為人力資本市場上的交易價格應包括絕對出資額和相對出資額兩部分。
  3. From the viewpoint of the interactive relationship between modern pension scheme and productivity, this paper observed the function and prospect of occupational pensions in china within a background consisting of population structure, labor productivity, and finance environment, utilized simulation and scenario analysis in actuarial models to estimate and analyze the effect of occupational pensions in the replacement rate of urban retired employees, then pointed out the magnification effect of occupational pensions in increasing the replacement rate and the higher efficiency in improving retirement income of urban retired employees. it also predicted the size expectation of occupational pensions during 2002 - 2010 in china, described the function of occupational pensions in developing the capital market and improving the labor productivity, especially emphasized the higher probability of occupational pensions to play the role of institutional investors compared with basic pension. in short, this paper proved the positive meaning of developing occupational pensions from micro - level and macro - level respectively, and brought forward corresponding policy suggestions

    本文立足於現代社會養老保險制度與生產力之間的互動關系這一視角，把對我國企業年金作用與發展空間的考察置於包括人口結構、勞動生產率、金融環境等諸多因素的經濟大背景下，在精算模型中運用模擬（ simulation ）和情景分析方法，對企業年金對我國退休職工養老保險收入替代率的影響進行了定量分析和預測，指出了企業年金在提高退休職工收入替代率方面的放大作用，以及比基本養老保險在提高退休職工收入方面的更高效率；並對我國企業年金2002年- 2010年的預計發展規模做了預測，闡述了企業年金對我國發展資本市場和提高勞動生產率的意義，著重指出了企業年金較之基本養老保險基金充當資本市場機構投資者的更大可能性。
  4. To investigate the influencing law of technical elements in enterprise production, based on certain assumptions, a three - element ( technology, labor and capital ) output function is defined ; through conceiving and solving an optimization model under the condition of invariable total production cost and maximum output, this paper deduces the optimal proportioning relationship between optimum technical growth rate and conventional production factors - labor and capital, further constructs the optimization model of technical growth rate under total production cost constraint, and design a genetic algorithms program to solve such model

    摘要為了考察企業生產中技術要素的作用、規律，在一定的假設條件下，對其技術要素下了定義，認為其產出函數包括技術、勞動及資本要素；通過構建與求解生產總成本，構建最大條件下的優化模型，推導出技術最優增長率與傳統生產要素勞動與資本的優化配比關系，進一步構造了企業在生產總成本約束下的技術增長率優化模型，並設計了遺傳演算法程序對模型進行求解。
  5. In part one, the general of reclamation of arable land for reforestation : basing on resulting lots of data, author referred to many measures taken by america and china in the reclamation of arable land for reforestation and took the comparison, which concluded the following : china does not take the ways that the developed countries firstly destroyed before protection ; carrying out the reclamation of arable land for reforestation step and step is the important step which improves the reasonlesss utilization of land ; because of the weak economic base in the reclamation of arable land for reforestation of china and the low rate of labor, we should enlarge the content of science and technology, improve per yield of the remaining cultivated land and solve the self - sufficiency of grain, meanwhile the government should strengthen the transfer of remaining labor, adjust the industrial construction and lead the construction of small cities and towns ; the implement of reclamation of arable land for reforestation does not leave the support of the government ; we should carry out the reclamation of arable land for reforestation according to law ; the reclamation of arable land for reforestation does not be seen the effort in the short time, we should insist in a long time. which can have the result

    本論文共分八個部分：第一部分退耕還林概況：筆者在查閱大量資料的基礎上，參閱美國與中國的退耕還林過程中所採取的各項措施並進行比較，得出了以下結論：中國不能重走發達國家先破壞后保護的道路；有計劃、有步驟地實施退耕還林是改善不合理土地利用現象的有力舉措；中國退耕還林經濟基礎較為薄弱，農業勞動生產率低，退耕還林后，必須加大科技含量，提高剩餘耕地的單產，解決糧食自給問題，同時，政府應加強剩餘勞動力轉移，產業結構調整及小城鎮建設的引導；退耕還林的實施仍離不開政府的扶持；依法退耕還林；退耕還林不是在短期內能見到效果的，長期堅持必有成效。該部分最後論述了目前國內退耕還林工程政策、管理方面的現狀及其存在哪些問題尚待改進或繼續深入研究，並需要進一步完善。第二部分退耕還林背景分析：針對我國目前生態環境建設中的退耕還林工程，就其產生的根源從社會經濟背景、生態環境背景及西部大開發三個角度進行了全面、系統的分析。
  6. Especially, during the middle and late period of 1990s, capital - labor ratio rose greatly, at the same time the invest efficiency turn became worse, and the economy growth depended on excessively the fixed assets investment

    尤其是在20世紀90年代中後期，資本勞動比率加速上升，資本的過早深化開始影響我國經濟的進一步增長，投資效率加劇惡化，經濟增長過分依賴固定資產投資的拉動。
  7. In chaper3, the author provides empirical evidence in binzhou, which is a typical north china area and presents the average level of agricultural and rural economic status of china, to expound definition, calculation method and influence factors of total factor productivity ( tfp )

    農業全要素生產率（ tfp ）是農業部分要素生產率（土地生產率、勞動生產率和資本生產率）的綜合，能比較全面地反映農業經濟效益；濱州市農業具有一定的代表性，其農業全要素生產率和農業部分要素生產率的定性分析，有助於發現影響農業經濟效益的深層因素，為提高農業經濟效益提供有益的指導。
  8. For example, they do not have the advantages of production technology and productivity ; they do not have the advantages of the capital size, also

    比如，生產技術和勞動生產率上的優勢;再比如資本規模上的優勢。
  9. In chapter two, uses cobb - douglas production function model to estimate about two kinds of ownership efficiency in guangdong, finds that public - owned economy compared with non - public economy lacks vigor generally. on this basis, puts forward some views on the adjustment of the ownership economic structure of guangdong : expediting the reforming of the public owned enterprises, especially the state owned enterprises ; ameliorating the allocating of the capital and labor ; enlarging the investment in science and technology

    在第二章，借用cobb ? douglas生產函數模型對廣東兩種性質所有制效率進行估計，發現公有制經濟與非公有制經濟相比總體上缺乏活力，在此基礎上，對廣東所有制結構的調整提出了一些看法：加快公有制改革，特別是國有企業改革步伐；合理配置資本投入和勞動力投入；加大科技投入。
  10. Aging population will affect economics on many aspects, such as labour deficiencies, decrease in output efficiency, private savings decline and lack of capital. it can also play a negative role in trade and investment and will put significant upward pressure on total government spending stemming from increased demands for health care services and higher public pension payments

    人口老齡化會造成勞動力缺乏；在某些行業造成生產效率的下降；導致儲蓄額下降，進而減少資本形成，影響貿易和投資；養老金數額比例隨之增大，醫療和保健開支增多，使財政承受越來越大的壓力。
  11. Labor intensive industries adapting to local situation should be developed and enhanced, such as township enterprises, for providing off - farm opportunities to on - spot labor transferring, along with the rural industrialization and urbanization. at the same time, relevant departments should pay more attention on human resources investment, through enhancing farmers education and their quality for improving the capacities of farmers to choose and find jobs. another important solution is to organize the labor transferring, from transferring without plan and purposes to transferring with confirmed purposes, to increase the transferring efficient and transferring ratio

    在以上分析的基礎上，提出本文的建議：應該大力發展和鞏固適應農村特點的勞動密集型二、三產業，尤其是鄉鎮企業，在推進農村工業化和城鎮化的同時，增加大量非農就業機會，促進勞動力的就地轉移；同時，從人力資本投資角度出發，通過多種多樣的形式，加強農民的教育，逐步提高農民的素質，幫助他們掌握一技之長，增強農村勞動力自主擇業和從業的能力；同樣重要的是，加強農村勞動力轉移的組織，從嘗試盲目的轉移到有目的的轉移，提高農村勞動力的轉移效率，從而促進轉移比例的提高；對于不同的社區，推進勞動力轉移的進程中，要注意對一些特殊群體? ?比如女性勞動力的轉移採取一系列的促進工作。
  12. Indeed, wages have been rising at double - digit rates for a decade with no harmful impact on growth, because higher labour productivity has actually reduced wage costs ( see chart 3 )

    事實上，在過去10年中，工資的上漲已持續以兩位數的比率上升，但這並沒有影響經濟的增長，因為高勞動生產率實際上已降低了工資成本（見圖表3 ） 。
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