資本還原成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zīběnháiyuánchéngběn]
資本還原成本 英文
capital recovery costs
  • 資 : Ⅰ名詞1 （錢財; 費用） money; wealth; expenses 2 （資質） intelligence; endowment 3 （資格） quali...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 還 : 還副詞1 （表示現象繼續存在或動作繼續進行; 仍舊） still; yet 2 （表示在某種程度之上有所增加） even...
  • 原 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （最初的; 原來的） primary; original; former 2 （沒有加工的） unprocessed; raw Ⅱ動詞（原...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 資本 : 1 （經營工商業的本錢） capital 2 （牟取利益的憑借） what is capitalized on; sth used to one s own...
  • 還原 : 1 （恢復原狀） return to the original condition or shape; restore2 [化學] （還原作用） reduction;...
  1. Considering that the enterprise cannot research the " customer - enterprise " value deeply, on the basis of that, the paper puts forward evaluating system of customer value in the enterprise according to value contribution, applies ahp to analyze weight of the indexes in consultation with marketing management and selling personnel of the enterprise and relevant experts and then exert clustering analysis and sas software to classify the customers according to the current value and potential value, provide the strategies of the customer classification management. in addition, any resource is exiguity, including economical resource. this paper defines economical resource, puts forward the model of optimum distributing resource and utilizes the method of linear regress equation to get result, which to grope for a new method about calculating marketing expenditure

    本文首先界定了客戶和客戶價值的含義，同時闡述了關系營銷中客戶價值的理論以及客戶價值的影響因素，針對目前「客戶?企業」價值的研究還不成熟的研究現狀，以及現實中還沒有定量分析客戶價值大小的方法，本文提出了一套具有可操作性的客戶價值評價的指標體系，對客戶可以進行比較全面的、多角度的評價，同時採用ahp法對這個評價體系中的各指標因子賦以合理的權重，然後運用聚類分析法和sas統計軟體對客戶群進行了科學地細分，在此基礎上幫助企業制定出不同細分客戶群組的營銷策略；除此之外，考慮到目前企業對于營銷資源的合理分配問題還沒有進行過深入地討論，本著企業經營的根本目的是盈利的原則，論文結合經濟學原理以及計量經濟學中的多元線性回歸分析提出了實現利潤最大化的營銷資源配置的優化模型，旨在探索一種銷售費用最優配置的方法。
  2. On the methodological bases of simpatico comprehension and positive rational criticism, this thesis combs and explains liang shuming ' s ideas of ultimate concern from multi - dimensions, especially from the three perspectives of confucianism, buddhism and taoism, analyzing his related practical activities and investigating the reasons for forming his ideas such as the influences of families, times, and social cultural traditions. thus, the ideas of ultimate concern of " the last confucian " and his latent worrying mentality are showed clearly, and his hard train of thought for pursuing for the confucian ideas, that is, the inside integrated personality and the outside activities reforming society, was returned to original condition

    本文以同情的理解和（積極意義上）理性的批判為方法論依據，對梁漱溟終極關懷思想，特別是從儒釋道三方面資源進行了多角度梳理和闡釋，並系統分析了他的關實踐活動，考察了其思想形成的原因? ?包括家庭、時代、社會文化傳統等方面的影響，從而凸顯出這位「最後的儒家」的終極關懷及隱藏在背後的憂患意識，還原了他追求儒家「內聖外王」的艱難心路歷程。
  3. In this paper, the newest empirical test of efficient market hypothesis ( emh ) was done in terms of the empirical test of capital asset pricing model ( capm ). because of the logical relationship between emh and capm, we tried to use a new method to find whether the emh theory is available in china ' s stock market. we did our research on the basis of emh ( efficient market hypothesis )

    本文從資本資產定價模型出發，首先回顧了有效市場假說的理論以及國內學者在這一領域中的研究成果，其次用實證研究的方法檢驗了該模型在中國的適用性，得到的結論認為在目前階段中國股票市場還不適合用資本資產定價模型來確定資產價格，最後對中國股票市場效率不足的原因進行分析並提出政策性建議。
  4. Comparing with the stockjobbers outside, although we can also enjoy the same treatment with others, we are still too weak even from the capital size capital strength managerial mechanism managerial efficiency to the stuff of talented person along with entering the wto, our stock market will completely be opened, abroad stockjobbers will threaten our stockjobbers seriously when they are familiar with the operations of our lacal ones, however, we can also obtain more and more opportunities at the same time : the market of our local stockjobbers will become wider from local to international capital market, it can advanced the speed of our local securities industry to improve the system conditions, to renovate manage system, to ameliorate the technic measures, to enrich the xervice breeds ; besides, it can also drive us to adjust the economica l structure, optimize the station of resource, transform the manage mechanism, all of these will provide a wider space for the local stockjobbers after entering the wto, the main develop trends of local stockjobbers are express at : invest - banking operations will become more important, the broking competition will be more fury, the property management will become the rising point of new profits of us

    雖然按對等原則，我國證券業也可以進入其他締約國金融市場並享受該國資本的同等待遇，但與境外券商相比，境內券商無論是在資產規模、資金實力、管理機制、經營效率，還是人才素質上，都無法與之抗衡。加入wto后，證券市場終將全面開放，國外證券公司在熟悉中國證券市場的操作后，將對國內券商的業務構成嚴重的威脅，以往國內券商發展業務的許多手段都將很快失靈，從而對券商的經營思路和發展戰略產生深刻的影響。然而，加入wto也使我國證券業獲得了更多新的發展機遇：將使國內券商的生存發展空間進一步拓展到國際資本市場的大舞臺；將從外部促使中國證券業向著市場化、規范化和多功能化的國際證券業發展趨勢快速推進，從而使證券業發展的制度環境得以改善；將促使我國券商更新管理體制，提高管理水平，改進和創新技術手段、業務方式和服務品種，提升競爭層次；此外，加入wto還將推動我國的經濟結構調整、資源優化配置和企業經營機制轉換，為券商開拓業務和進行各種創新活動提供了了廣闊的空間。
  5. It is well known that today we are witness to an enormous growth and increasing variety of ways to apply knowledge and technology in continuously changing industrial systems, and high technology is becoming the main driving force of economic growth in the 21st century, however, in china, the level of high technology industrialization is far away from the demands of economic growth, the main reason lies in the lack of support coming from financial capital

    我國目前高科技產業化的水平還遠不能適應經濟發展的需要，科學技術向生產力轉化的進程仍然比較緩慢，高新技術產品產值占社會總產值的比例也遠低於歐美發達國家。除了部分技術確實不符合生產需要或不成熟的原因外，最主要的還是缺乏金融資本的支持。與大型高科技企業相比，中小型高科技企業在發展過程中對融資的依賴關系更強，對于大多數的中小型高科技企業而言，不缺技術和知識產權，缺的主要是資金。
  6. After we have a superficial realization through comparatively studying legislation example of different countries and zones, this thesis begin to probe into me rule ' s principal and theory basis. stability of the decisions and respect the procedure are two principals that must be followed defending stability of the decisions is beneficial to defend stability of law relations that are caused by decision of shareholders, defend the deal safe, promote the efficiency of the companies. respecting the procedure is beneficial to present the value of the procedure, guarantee the rights and interests of shareholders from the procedure. theory basis of deciding grounds of action and dividing the kinds of action make up theory basis of the rule of rescuing laws on decision of shareholders. the final define of grounds of action that breaking the law and the constitution of company is decided by the nature of company law and the nature of constitution of company. on the nature of company law, there are some disputes, include forced law opinion, willfully law opinion and synthetic opinion considering present company law, i think the synthetic opinion is right the nature of constitution of company has two features : self - rule and ruled by law. in general, constitution of company is a kind of self - rule law that partly ruled by law

    此外，本文還討論了確認決議不存在之訴與不當決議取消、變更之訴的存在價值，綜合考慮后，決定保留確認決議不存在之訴，廢除不當決議取消、變更之訴這一弊大於利的訴訟類別。除了總體探尋股東會決議瑕疵救濟制度的理論依據外，考慮到召集制度和決議方法在股東會決議制度上的重要性和二者具體內容的繁雜，本文還重點分析了召集制度上的瑕疵和決議方法上的瑕疵兩大訴由。另外，本文創設了「決議顯著不公正」這一新訴由以防止多數決的濫用，多數決的濫用多年來一直是股東會決議中的一大頑癥，但各國公司法卻一直對其缺乏明確的規制，筆者希冀以多數決的濫用造成決議顯著不公正這一現象作為訴由，並提出具有可操作性的標準，由法官裁量判斷是否構成多數決的濫用，以期彌補股東會表決制度上資本多數決原則的不足。
  7. First, the paper has analyzed the chengdu ’ s housing market situation from the supplies and demand angle, analyzed the chengdu ’ s inhabitant ' s housing purchasing power from the inhabitant ' s revenue and expenditure, deposit and the quantity of durable consumable by inhabitant, and has promulgated the supplies and the demand contradiction ; next, the paper has carried on the discussion to the present chengdu ' s house price, the house price rise reason is : inappropriate supplies structure, increasing commodity apartment cost, unbalanced housing supply and demand, purchase the house for investing, policy strength ; once more, the paper give some proposal to the government to control the real estate market, the government should adjust the housing and land supply structure, control of the passive housing demand

    本篇論文首先從供給和需求角度分析了成都住房市場現狀，從居民收支、儲蓄和耐用品擁有量分析了成都居民的住房購買力，並揭示了當前成都住房市場上存在的供給與需求間的矛盾;其次，論文對成都的房價進行了探討，論述了成都房價歷史和現狀，結合居民收入，論文認為成都房價雖高，但還在居民承受范圍內;然後，論文分析了成都住房價格上漲的原因，認為市場供應結構不合理、商品房成本增加、住房供求總量失衡、投資性購房增長過快、政策力量等因素造成了房價的上漲;再次，論文對政府宏觀調控房地產市場提出了幾點建議，認為政府應該調整和改善住房供應結構、加大土地供應調控力度和控制被動性住房需求來穩定房價。
  8. The integrated system of smelting reduction ironmaking - gasolinesynthesis - electric - ity generation, in which the coal gas produced inthe ironmaking module is first cleaned and then used as the fuel for theelectricity generation module or raw material of the gasoline synthesismodule, can resolve the problem of utilization of tail gas in thesmelting reduction ironmaking and the large investment of gasificationin the integrated gasification combined cycle and gasoline synthesis. taking efficiency, scale and product structure into consideration, the processes of the two - stage smelting reduction ironmaking - combined cycleelectricity generation with coal gas, the two - stage smeltingreduction ironmaking - steam cycle electricity generation with coal gas, the one - stage smelting reduction ironmaking - combined cycleelectricity generation with coal gas, and the one - stagesmelting reduction ironmaking - gasoline synthesis with coal gas - steamcycle electricity generation with tail gas are techno - economicallyfeasible and have the promise of being industrialized

    將熔態還原煉鐵產生的煤氣在凈化后發電或經改質后合成汽油的集成系統可以解決熔態還原煉鐵的尾氣利用問題及聯合循環發電和煤基汽油合成造氣投資成本高的問題.從效率、規模和產品結構各方面考慮，過程模擬結果顯示:二段法熔態還原煉鐵-煤氣聯合循環發電、二段法熔態還原煉鐵-煤氣蒸汽發電、一段法熔態還原煉鐵-煤氣聯合循環發電、一段法熔態還原煉鐵-煤氣合成汽油-尾氣蒸汽發電流程，有實現產業化的可能
  9. Third, after analysis of chinese human capital situations, the paper points out four problems : although having abundant labor capital, the amount of human capital is still at a low level owing to poor investment ; there is large difference among different area, industry and different ownership economy because of serious imbalance on economic developments ; misallocation of human capital leads to the low utilizing efficiency of quite a amount of it, and the main reasons come as follows : cognition problem, populations, insufficient investment, low efficiency and lack of mobility

    第三，通過分析中國人力資本現狀，找出了存在的問題在於，一是雖然勞動力資源十分豐富，但是由於人力資本投資不足，總體存量還處于較低的水平上；二是由於經濟發展水平的嚴重不平衡，人力資本在不同地區、產業和所有制經濟中的狀況呈現出較大的差異；三是由於人力資本配置不合理造成現有的相當部分的人力資本利用效率不高。並分析了上述問題形成的原因主要來自於認識問題、人口因素、投資不足、效率不高、缺乏流動五個方面。
  10. Xuzhou city city social stratification impetus from three main sources : market economy caused by industrialization and marketization of social stratification is an important driving force, the human capital element is the primary factor. redistribution economy holistic " embedded " market economy effects of social stratification, it is the main power, and because of the historical demand of the market economy, was restored as a market economy to market forces

    徐州市城區社會分層動力有三大來源:市場經濟所造成的工業化與市場化是社會分層的重要動力，人力資本因素是其中的首要因素;再分配經濟整體性「嵌入」市場經濟影響社會分層，是分層的主要動力來源，並因為市場經濟的歷史要求，被市場經濟還原為一種市場力量。
  11. The paper also conducted cost and benefit analysis that indicates the protection cost is very much higher in ipr protection in agriculture in china as compared with other countries such as the us and other western countries, this is a very important restricting factor for the patent and pvp application in china. besides, the paper also discussed the possibilities of the unified system like pct and upov for ipr applications to minimize the cost of application and maintainence. with support of survey data and developed models, the papers conclude with the priority area for ipr protection in agriculture in order is as follows : pvp, patent, trade secret, and trade marks

    同時，在大量檢索和設計調查問卷的基礎上，對我國農業知識產權保護的成本和效益進行理論分析，在對比其他國家專利和新品種保護成本的基礎上，分析出我國申請農業知識產權保護的成本和被侵權后的司法訴訟成本過高，影響了我國農業知識產權的申請和保護；此外，文章還就建立類似專利合作條約（ pct ）性質的國際植物新品種保護公約，以期在多國專利同時申請方面實現帕累托最優原則進行了理論探討，在此基礎上，文章進一步對比分析實施農業知識產權保護規則對我國農業技術貿易特別是國外直接投資可能帶來的影響進行，結果表明，強化農業知識產權保護，發展中國家會增加農業技術和產品的進口，發展中的大國更是如此；文章在調查問卷的基礎上提出了我國農業知識產權方面存在的問題和今後農業知識產權保護的目標體系和優先領域，農業知識產權保護的優先順序依次為：新品種、專利、商業秘密、商標和原產地。
  12. There are two keys : one is the profit which reflect the ability of produce, the other is to restore profit to property. there are three concrete valuation methods : profit restoring, remaining and valuing the transferring brands

    這個思路有兩個要點：一是評估的依據為資產收益，它反映的是資產的產出能力；二是對收益進行本金化處理，即根據社會所決定的收益率把收益還原成資產。
  13. This paper analysis the reason in the level of cost and rules, build a model to test the financing cost of capital of listed companies, compare of the cost of equity financing and debt financing directly, prove the cost of equity financing is lower than debt financing in current period. because equity financing should be improving the capital structure of china ' s listed companies, equity financing is the first choice to the listed companies, another reason of the choice is the risk aversion of the manager to the hard constrained control of debt financing, but the soft constrained control of equity financing, hence the intensity of the equity financing

    本文從成本和制度層面對上市公司股權融資偏好的原因進行分析，建立了我國上市公司的融資資本成本核算模型，直觀地比較了股權融資及債權融資的成本，證明在我國現階段股權融資的成本更低，而且由於股權融資可以明顯改善公司資本結構，所以中國上市公司的股權融資偏好是其理性選擇，另外我國上市公司的經營管理層厭惡債權融資還本付息的硬約束，更傾向于股權融資的軟約束，也加強了股權融資偏好的強度。
  14. Raw materials purchase is one of the major part in a company purchasing activities, the determination of purchasing time, price and quantity has directly influence on business output and profit. this article discusses how to make decision on purchase price and time by means of the present value analysis in futures purchase of raw materials, and the numerical example with data obtained from reality is used as an illustration. in addition, the decision on purchase quantity and sensitivity of inventory costs to purchase quantity are also analyzed and discussed based on the economic order quantity model. it is shown that with its logic and applicability the present value analysis method can be applied to raw material futures purchase in practice, rationalizing decision - making and saving costs

    原材料采購是企業采購工作中的主要組成部分，其采購時機、價格、數量的合理確定直接影響企業的產出效益.本文對原材料期貨采購中如何藉助于經濟現值分析方法進行價格決策和確定采購時機進行了討論，並給出了具體實際數據分析和說明.此外，還根據經濟訂購批量模型圍繞采購數量決策以及存貨成本對采購數量的敏感性進行了分析和討論.經濟現值分析方法實用性強，具有科學性，有助於期貨采購決策合理化和節約資金，可供原材料期貨實際采購所借鑒
  15. These include, among other things, the establishment of asset management companies to carve out the bad assets inherited from the days of policy lending. they also include the full introduction of commercial principles and market - based credit policies, and improvements in accounting standards

    改革項目包括成立資產管理公司，以處理過去政策貸款遺留下來的壞資產，還有全面引入商業原則和以市場為本的信貸政策，並改進會計標準。
  16. Secondly, by combining with the whole process of m & a analysis the thesis comprehensively introduces the main contents and methods of business m & a " s value appraisal and detailedly introduces principles of discounted cash flow method, comparable company analysis method, comparable transaction analysis method, as well as the way how to determine the main parameters of them by giving corresponding examples. after that, it analyses the suitable range for use of different appraisal methods and the present situation of our country ' s business value appraisal, point out the problems and puts forward the solutions of them. thirdly, the thesis separately expounds how to choose financing policies and financing channels, how to analyse financing costs, how to determine the unit of financing ways

    本文通過融會國內外企業並購相關理論，辨析了企業並購的概念和動機，介紹了企業並購的一般模式及並購方式的選擇；其次結合併購分析的大致過程全面介紹了企業並購的價值評估的主要內容及方法，對其中的現金流量折現法、可比公司分析法、可比交易分析法的原理及主要參數的確定予以了詳細的介紹，並分別附以相應的實例分析，同時還分析了不同評估方法的適用范圍和我國的企業並購價值評估現狀，指出了其中存在的問題，並提出了解決建議；此外，對企業並購的融資政策、融資渠道的選擇、融資成本分析和融資方式的確定單位? ?予以論述；最後，本文分析了企業並購的財務陷阱的成因及其可能造成的損失，並結合實際提出了避免財務陷阱的措施。
  17. However domestic unmature security marbet restrict amc ' s free shares transfer. my opinion is to improve and regulate by law in the course of d - to e. firstly, it is necessary to grasp d to e principle accuratly and construct strict qualification system, secondly, it is important to guarantee amc to enterprise system can keep amc ' s as shareholder control of d to e enterprise, and improve continuously amc ' s management level and efficiency. it is necessary to make special regulation about the duration periods and vavle of amc ' s egutity in legislation to sustain amc benefit, moreover, 13 to e also coordinate with state - owned ' s out - strategy and adjust ownership through social and. private cash input, these also help solve the problem of uvclear state - owned ownership entity ; at the same time, it is necessary to improve security market to widen the ways of share transfer, to be outward transfer as main transfer way, to cultivate institutional investor and reform equity system ; at last it is important to difine correctly bovernment ' s role and play its role. government should be in the nationwide view to organize, coordinate balance support regulate to guarantee d to e ' s performance

    筆者認為，債轉股實施過程中，應依照法律規范予以完善和制約，首先應準確把握其操作原則，特別注意嚴格把好債轉股的準入關;其次，切實發揮金融資產管理公司的職能作用，促使企業轉換經營機制建立現代企業制度，要確保金融資產管理公司作為股東對債轉股企業的最終控制權，不斷提高金融資產管理公司的運作水平和效率，並且在立法上對債轉股中的股權的存續和價值的保護進行特別規定，以維護金融資產管理公司的合法權益;再者，債轉股還要與國有經濟的戰略性退出相結合，進行必要的產權結構調整，通過引入社會資金、民營資本等其他成分徹底解決國企產權主體虛位和產權不明晰的現象;同時，要完善資本市場，積極拓寬股權的退出通道，把對外轉讓作為股權的主要退士方式，培育機構投資者，改革股權制度;最
  18. They argue that the difficulties in supply of rural public goods is formed mainly by lacking of township government foundation, also by the imperfect of current public goods provide institution. this article does microanalysis of village s from specific case and peasants themselves on the basis of research with the positive method. the author thinks that the reason for difficulties of rural public goods supply in village s is a lot deeper, rather than lack of funds and inefficient

    本文在現有研究成果的基礎上，著眼于運用實證調研的方法，從具體農村的個案和農民個體的角度對s類農村進行微觀分析，認為造成稅費改革后s農村公共產品供給困境的原因不僅僅是缺乏資金和公共產品供給制度不健全這么簡單，除此之外，還存在著許多深層次的原因，具體表現為:缺乏提供公共產品的資金來源;農民存在向最後者看齊的特殊公正觀和搭便車行為，缺乏出資生產公共產品的積極性;打工潮導致農民與村莊利益關聯度降低和人際關系的陌生化，合作成本增加。
  19. The thesis then introduces top - to - bottom schemes, which discuss the functional design of hdtv test pattern signal generator according to the tasks and platform of the system, and develops the function of subsystems. the thesis analyses the theory and mathematic model of hdtv test signal, and studies the signal generating scheme called single - fpga and multi - prom, and describes in detail its key modules such as configuration connecting, prom routing, control and switch timing design and so on. the single - fpga and multi - prom scheme increases the number of prom to reduce the degree of fpga demanded, thus

    論文分析了hdtv測試信號的原理及數理模型，提出了一種以單晶元多配置為特色的信號生成方案，並對該方案的配置連接、晶元選路、控制切換時序設計等關鍵模塊進行了詳細敘述，該方案以增加配置晶元數量來降低對主晶元要求，不但降低了產品成本，還使各測試信號的代碼編寫和產生相對獨立，有利於合理使用晶元資源，實現多種復雜的hdtv測試信號，縮短開發周期。
  20. Based on the study of existing evaluation approach of commercial forestland and ecology forestland, this paper used the opportunity cost theory, sample theory, discriminant analysis theory and discounted cash flow analysis to establish the evaluation theory of forestland, which was more suitable for forestland evaluation in ecology - oriented forest project evaluation

    摘要該文在對已有的商品性林地資源價值和公益性林地資源價值評估方法進行研究的基礎上，綜合運用機會成本理論、抽樣和判別分析理論及收益還原理論，建立一種適用於生態公益林建設專案投資評價的林地資源價值評估模型。
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