通過有效形式 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tōngguòyǒuxiàoxíngshì]
通過有效形式 英文
w. e. f. with effect from
  • 通 : 通量詞（用於動作）
  • 過 : 過Ⅰ動詞[口語] （超越） go beyond the limit; undue; excessiveⅡ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 式 : 名詞1 （樣式） type; style 2 （格式） pattern; form 3 （儀式; 典禮） ceremony; ritual 4 （自然科...
  • 通過 : 1 （從一端到另一端） pass through; get past; traverse 2 （同意議案） adopt; pass; carry 3 （以人...
  • 有效 : effective; valid; efficacious
  1. Vsp is both a pivotal tache in logistic distribution optimization and indispensable in electronic commerce. it can increase logistic economic benefit and realize logistic rationalization. the systemic study on the theory and method of vsp is the base on the growth of logistic intensivism, the establishment of modem chain of command, the development of its and ec. now, the problem is not only applied to the field of auto transportation, but also to ship avigation communication electricity industry management computer application etc. the algorithm has been applied into many combinatorial optimization problems such as the trainman ' s shift arrangement in avigation the optimization design of cargo arrangement in ship company

    對貨運車輛進行調度優化，可以提高物流經濟效益、實現物流科學化。對貨運車輛調度優化理論與方法進行系統研究是物流集約化發展、建立現代調度指揮系統、發展智能交通運輸系統和開展電子商務的基礎。目前，問題的形式已有很大發展，該問題以不僅僅局限於汽車運輸領域，在水運、航空、通訊、電力、工業管理、計算機應用等領域也有一定的應用，其演算法已用於航空乘務員輪班安排、輪船公司運送貨物經過港口與貨物安排的優化設計、交通車線路安排、生產系統中的計劃與控制等多種組合優化問題。
  2. The point analyses the composition and efficancy of the structure of corporate governance with the modern administration theory. lt systematically sets forth and compares the features and development of the structure of the corporate governance in chinese and western. by analyzing the present situation of our listing companies, it points out : " the internal control " can be considered the inevitable phenomenon, emerged in the period from the socialism planned economy to the market economy in china ' s state - owned enterprises. by the means of gathering a vast amount of data and analying cases and charts, it gives the conclutions : because the enterprise inform is progressed " step by step ", the internal controlling in our country has assumed its own features : the enterprise is in the concussion between the " super - powerful controp ' of external and the " super - weakly control " in internal. those popular phenomenon have been looked as the principle manifestation of " the internal control " which taking the national stock as the ma in part and holding the post of chainman of the board and the chief manager in company to the same man

    本文利用現代管理理論和現代企業理論來剖析公司治理結構的組成和效率體現，對中西方公司治理結構的特徵和歷史發展作了較系統的闡述和比較，並且運用大量的數據對我國上市公司治理結構進行了實證分析，指出： 「內部人控制」是在我國社會主義經濟向市場經濟轉軌時期，國有企業公司治理結構中出現的一種必然現象。本文在闡述公司治理結構特徵和功效的基礎上，通過大量數據的收集、案例分析和圖表處理來分析我國企業治理結構的歷史變遷並揭示出：由於我國企業改革是「漸進式」的， 「內部人控制」表現出其自身的特點：企業處于外部「超強控制」和「超弱控制」的兩極震蕩中。作為最具我國現代企業代表特徵的上市公司，因為以國家股為持股主體，董事長和總經理兩職兼任的現象甚為普遍而成為目前企業事實上的「內部人控制」的主要表現形式。
  3. Adopting rational agent characteristic could add the auditor into corporate contract to educing optimum solution ; opening out the auditor incentive factors in auditing demand theory and the monitor mechanism of auditing. a multi - agent corporate model including the firm owner, the manager and the auditor of the corporate is analyzed in the paper, the conclusions are : educing the optimum solution of model which could prevent the manager and the auditor becoming collusive or skulked ; clarifying the relationship between monitoring of the firm owner and working of the auditor, and illustrating the behavior combination of optimum solution ; further analyzing the relationship among monitoring degree, punishment of auditor and the auditor risk. adapting the model from a single term to serial terms, and adding the non - monetary utility of auditor - - - reputation into the model ; describing behavior of the firm owner in reality and clarifying the necessity of monitoring by the owner and the environment improvements it needs

    論文採用所有者經理人審計師多代理人模型為基礎進行分析，主要成果是：得出能夠防止共謀和不努力工作的模型最優解集合；通過因素分析闡明審計師工作努力程度與所有者監控力度之間的直接關系，以及審計合約最優解的行為策略組合及其制定順序；引申分析所有者監控力度與審計風險、審計師懲罰力度之間的關系；成功的將模型從單一期間擴展到多期間情況，並且將審計師聲譽等非現金收入形式的效用影響加入到模型當中；通過分析審計實務中的所有者行為特徵說明所有者對審計師工作實施監控的必要性，以及實現該監控所需的條件。
  4. On the basis of introducing the principle of the tf / ar radar, this paper analyzes the conditions of effectively jamming the tf / ar radar in typical tactical act of hedgehopping, which include the disposition and quantity of electron reconnaissance / jammer, calculates the capability request of equipments in the method of sensor / hand - emplaced jammer, and concludes that it is difficult to jam tf / ar radar at the present time

    摘要在介紹地形跟隨迴避雷達工作原理的基礎上，通過設定典型超低空突防飛機的戰術行動，分析了對雷達實施有效干擾所必須具備的條件，包括偵察干擾機的部署、數量要求等；並計算了在傳感器擺放（投擲）式干擾機模式下對裝備的性能要求，得出了在目前技術條件下，對地形跟隨迴避雷達實施干擾在技術和戰術上都是困難的。
  5. We should use the international formation of construction - product market price for reference, unloose the management of the price of construction product effectively and gradually, form price of construction product by market. we should research relative theory, practice means and legislation procedure etc, which advance construction industry

    指出我們應借鑒國際上建築產品市場價格形成方式，有效的逐步放開建築產品價格，通過市場形成建築產品價格，深入研究相關理論問題、實踐方法和立法程序等，促進建築業的良性發展。
  6. We analyse the dispersion of stock returns and have the tests of serial correlation. the results show that the trading mechanism has a significant effect on a number of characteristics of stock returns. first, the distribution of open - to - open returns has greater variance than that of close - to - close returns. second. the serial correlation pattern is quite different in the two return series. the open - to - open returns have negative autocorrelation coefficient, but the close - to - close returns is positive. further, employing an arma ( 1, 1 ) model we find that in the opening. returns exhibit higher residual noise and stronger dependence on past returns, reflecting stronger deviations from the random - walk form of the market efficiency hypothesis

    主要表現為：一，開盤收益序列比收盤收益序列具有更大的方差。二，兩種收益序列的序列相關形式不同，開盤收益序列表現為負相關，而收盤收益序列表現為正相關。而且我們通過arma （ 1 ， 1 ）模型的進一步檢驗，發現開盤收益序列比收盤收益序列具有更大的殘差，更依賴于過去的收益序列，也更偏離於市場有效的隨機遊走形式的假設。
  7. An improved interactive dynamic multimedia synchronization model ( idsm ) based on tpn is proposed. the new model takes the dynamic synchronization properties and the demands of the priority of key medium and the function of user interaction in the distributed systems into account, introduces the allowed blocking time, backtracking rules and so on to handle the problems caused by random delay, blocking or lost packets, and describes the temporal behavior of multimedia information stream fully, accurately and formally. 4

    提出了一個新的基於tpn網的互動式多媒體動態同步模型idsm ，該模型充分考慮到分散式環境中多媒體的動態同步特性以及關鍵媒體的優先權和人機交互要求，通過引入容許阻塞時間、回溯演算法等有效克服了網路隨機延遲、阻塞和丟包等因素的影響，以形式化的方式完整、準確地描述了多媒體信息流的時間行為。
  8. For a long time, fdi ( foreign direct investment ) acted as a effective form to optimize resource configuration globally via participating in international dividing and cross - border capital transferring, has being adopted by numerous developed and developing countries

    長期以來，對外直接投資（ foreigndirectinvestment . fdi ）作為參與國際分工、通過生產資本的跨國轉移優化資源配置的一種有效形式，被廣大發達國家和越來越多的發展中國家所採用。
  9. Part one : this part introduces the summarization of the abs ( asset - backed securities ), which includes the conception, the basic theory, the features, the categories, the basic running process, and the circumstance of the research and development, etc. part two : the main contents of this part are the necessity and the analysis for the feasibility of the financing of securities depending on the charges of expressways, including the analysis for the feasibility of the financing of securities on the basis of the expressways " charges, the option between the two operation models, and the analysis for the feasibility of the operation of indigenization, etc. part three : this part mainly demonstrates how to design the plan of a company for the financing of securities and indigenization, which consists of the introduction of a company ' s background and the main problems to be confronted, the features of the basic assets and the analysis of the cash currency, the selection of spy, the design of trading structure, the product design of securities, etc. part four : this part discusses the financial evaluation about a company ' s design of the financing of securities and indigenization on the basis of the expressways " charges, the analysis of the risks and the analysis in general

    本文的創新之處在於: （ 1 ）通過對我國《信託法》 、 《公司法》等相關法律、法規的深入研究，提出在國內現行制度框架和市場環境下，以信託方式設立特設目的機構的基本思路，並構架了類附擔保公司債信託型和信託簽發企業銷售型兩種較為滿意的本土化交易結構方案，具有一定的理論創新性; （ 2 ）將資產證券化這一金融創新工具應用到高速公路融資領域，論證了高速公路利用收費證券化融資的必要性和可行性，並提出了一個可供借鑒的操作性方案。本文可能的不足是在證券化產品設計方面由於筆者知識水平的欠缺，深感作得不是很深入，需進一步的完善和細化;另外對各種交易結構模式的設計和分析只是一種理論上的探討，到底是否有效和可行需接受實踐的進一步檢驗。論文分為四個部份:第一部份，資產證券化概述，包括資產證券化的概念、基本理論、特點、基本形式、基本運作流程、國內外研究和發展現狀等。
  10. The software ansys6. 0 is used to analysis the stability of the state after construction of tongwamen bridge, linear method is used in analyzing the finite element model of the bridge, the coeffient of stability of different state after construction is given. on the basis, the effect of different factors such as the arrangement of lateral brace, the sloping angle of arch ribs, the stiffness of bridge deck system, the effect of non - orientedly conservative loadings of the hanger and tie bar etc is discussed. the different coefficients of stability of changing these factors are given, so the factors that are vital to the lateral stability of x - type arches are found, and the rationality of the methods taken to enhance the lateral stability of tongwamen bridge is evaluated

    本文應用有限元分析商業軟體ansys6 . 0 ，採用線彈性方法，通過對該橋的空間有限元模型進行穩定性分析，得出其成橋運營階段各種工況下的穩定安全系數。在此基礎上，本文還通過有限元模型分析，就拱的矢跨比、吊桿（立柱）的非保向力效應、橋面系的剛度、橫撐布置形式、拱肋側傾角等因素對該橋整體穩定性的影響展開探討與研究。文中給出了各因素變化情況下的穩定安全系數，指出了對鋼管混凝土提籃拱橫向穩定性有顯著影響的因素及其合理變化范圍，並對銅瓦門大橋提高橫向穩定性的措施的經濟合理性進行了分析。
  11. Aiming at this problem, the main research issues and achievements in this paper are as follows : bi - directional data transformation between rdb and xml with semantic constraints preserved for most of existing researches on static data transformation between xml and rdb, dtd is taken as the schema description language for xml, and the semantic constraints are often lost during the transformation process. to overcome these disadvantages, the author adopts xml - schema, a standard schema description language proposed by w3c to replace dtd, as the description method owing to its more powerful functions than dtd, and of course with the syntax much more complicated. after analyzing the constraints characteristics in both xml - schema and relational schema, a semantic constraints - preserved algorithm is proposed which can realize the bi - directional schema mapping between rdb and xml through a formalized description of xml based on regular tree and a general expression for relational schema based on direct graph approach

    保留語義約束的xml與rdb雙向靜態數據轉換技術現有研究大多採用dtd （ documenttypedefinition ，文檔類型定義）作為xml的模式描述語言，並且在模式映射過程中丟失語義約束信息，本文分析了xml - schema （ xml - schema採用與dtd完全不同的語法，數據描述能力更強同時也更為復雜，已被w3c確定為替代dtd作為xml模式描述語言的標準）及關系模式的語義約束特徵，通過基於正則樹的xml形式化描述方法以及基於有向圖的一般關系模式表示方法的研究，建立保留語義約束的xml - schema與關系模式的雙向模式映射演算法，實現了xml與rdb的雙向數據轉換，較好地解決了xml與rdb在靜態數據轉換層面的數據集成問題，可有效滿足企業大量rdb數據面向xml的發布以及與日俱增的xml數據存入rdb的應用需求。
  12. Xin mm institute members embraced marxism through various channels, after which they started publications, set up progressive group, established cultural bookstores, established new style schools, and debated with various trends of thoughts opposing marxism, with mersures marxism was spread broadly in hunan, and bloomed, born fruits on the hot piece of soil of hunan, and hunan became the one most effectly propagating marxism with richest youthful spirit that time

    新民學會的會員們通過各種渠道接受馬克思主義后，通過創辦刊物、成立進步團體、開辦文化書社、創辦新式學堂，以及與各種反馬克思主義思潮論戰等形式，將馬克思主義在湖南傳播開去，使馬克思主義在湖南這片熱土上紮下根，開花結果，使湖南成為當時宣傳馬克思主義最有成效、也最富有朝氣的省分。
  13. A few days ago, i arranged for a group of expert accountants on public finances to meet and exchange views with the secretary for the treasury, on ways to enhance, through the use of accrual accounting, the transparency and accuracy of public sector accounts. it is hoped that, by such initiatives, we can work together at finding new ways of allocating and managing public funds so that efficiency and accountability can be improved

    在本人的安排之下，一批業內的公共財務專家，亦已和庫務司作了初步接觸，就如何通過以應計會計（ accrualaccounting ）的形式，來增加公共賬目的透明度和準確性，交流了一些有用的意見，希望最終可以集思廣益，提高分配和管理公帑的效率和問責性。
  14. Fatigue is a complicated problem. nowadays, there isn ’ t an efficacious mathematical model of fatigue established. we can only get credible data of fatigue performance through fatigue test by fatigue testing machines

    疲勞破壞是機械結構最主要的失效形式，而疲勞是一個復雜的問題，至今還未能建立起明確的數學模型，只有通過疲勞試驗機進行的疲勞性能測試才能得到比較可靠的疲勞性能數據。
  15. The numerical algorithm of solving the adjoint equations for different design cases have been developed by using finite volume methodology which is usually used to solve the flow governed equation. it includes the some important aspects, such as flux formulation, wall and far - field boundary treatment methodology, dissipative term formulation, etc. after the solution of the adjoint equations is obtained, the derivatives of the cost function with respect to all the design variables can be evaluated with the same operation. this can yields a significant saving over the other gradient - based techniques when there are many design variables

    （ 3 ）進行了應用控制理論和三維歐拉方程的機翼氣動反設計研究，以及有升力約束情形下機翼跨音速減阻問題研究，分別推導了相應的共軛方程及邊界條件數學表達形式，研究與發展了三維共軛方程的有限體積數值求解方法，及相應梯度公式的數值求解方法，通過對計算網格生成、流場計算、共軛方程數值求解、梯度求解和優化演算法等多方面的有效結合，成功發展了三維機翼的氣動反設計和跨音速減阻優化設計程序，成功地進行了多個設計算例研究。
  16. Hence analysis and design of nonlinear sampled - data systems has been, in recent years, a subject of growing interest in the international community of control research. when a continuous - time plant is controlled using a digitally implemented controller, it is often faced that a continuous - time plant is transformed into its equivalent discrete - time model. a digital controller is usually designed on the base of approximate discrete - time models of the continuous - time nonlinear systems because it is difficult to obtain the closed form of the exact discrete - time model for nonlinear control systems

    利用計算機等一類離散控制裝置來控制連續時間的受控對象時，都會遇到把連續時間系統化為等價的離散時間系統的問題，通過采樣器和保持器來實現離散時間的采樣控制，對于非線性連續受控系統，由於連續系統的時間離散化后一般得不到其等價的精確離散化模型表示的有限形式，實際上由其近似離散化模型代替來設計控制器，而近似會引起信號失真，那麼基於近似離散化模型上設計的采樣控制器，它是否同樣對原連續受控系統有效
  17. There is much opportunity of business in the course of solving environmental problems, for example, environmental insurance. the environmental liability insuranceis one of the effectual methods to solve the compensations about environmental impairment

    環境責任保險是以被保險人因污染環境而應承擔的損害賠償和治理責任為標的的責任保險形式，是通過責任風險社會化解決環境污染損害賠償問題的有效方式之一。
  18. It is effective to synthesis a controller to satisfy the constrains with the forms of or - logic based on colored petri nets. however there is usually an assumption in the reported literatures that the transitions in the net are not concurrent

    在已有的文獻中，通過有色petri網來實現具有或邏輯形式約束條件的petri網控制器是非常有效的，但以往的文獻通常假設petri網中的變遷是不能並發的。
  19. These years in order to improve the product quality, our corporation has made and improved the management rules. through many pathways : pur corporation improved a reliable quality control system, all these ensured and improned the quality honor and the coefficent

    近年來，經過深化改革與改制，公司不斷提高產品質量，建立和完善了各項質量管理制度，通過多種形式，加強質量教育，強化質量意識，完善質量體系，並重點加強了從市場調研、產品開發設計、生產製造到安裝調試、售後服務全過程的質量管理，有力地保證和促進了企業質量信譽和經濟效益。
  20. Scanning methods can be extended by nvs plugins. and the scanning results of nvs give suggestion for attack

    Nvs漏洞掃描方法庫的擴充是通過插件形式實現的，漏洞掃描結果對實施攻擊提出有效建議。
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