連帶權利 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [liándàiquánlì]
連帶權利
英文
joint rights-
Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law
再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。Based on these defects, the article put forward some legal countermeasures to perfect the acclp for nine aspects in order to motive the acclp " s successful conduction. the nine aspects are : borrowing the western countries " acclp " s advanced experience ; building up the correct concept of acclp, decentralizing the high - centralized stockholder " s structure, re - distributing the power of company " s institutional framework and establishing the legal proceedings system during the stockholders in order to protect middle and little stockholder " s profits ; joint liability for guarder " s of the board and legal person " s personality deny system ; improving the framework of the board of directors ; perfecting the market mechanism
在此基礎上，本文從借鑒發達國家公司法人治理結構的先進經驗；樹立公司法人治理結構的正確理念；分散高度集中的股權結構；重新配置公司內部權力結構；建立股東代表訴訟制度，保護中小股東的利益；建立監事（會）連帶賠償制度；建立公司法人人格否認制度；改善董事會結構；完善市場機制等九個方面提出了完善我國公司法人治理結構的法律措施，以便推動我國公司法人治理的順利進行。7 the property of the land development corporation owned by it immediately before the commencement of parts ii to viii is transferred to and is owned by the authority subject to any existing claim or liability, and the authority may sue on, recover or enforce a chose in action transferred by this subsection without having to give notice of the transfer to a person bound by the chose in action, and without limitation it is provided that the insurance policies and any benefit of trade marks, copyright and other intellectual property rights held by the land development corporation are transferred to the authority
7土發公司在緊接第ii至viii部生效日期之前所擁有的財產，連同所附帶的任何既有申索或法律責任一併轉歸市建局任何據法權產如是憑藉本款轉歸市建局的，則市建局可就該等據法權產提起訴訟進行追討或採取法律行動，而無須將該等據法權產已轉歸市建局一事通知受該等據法權產約束的人而且在沒有限制下，現規定土發公司所持有的保險單以及商標版權及其他知識產權權利的利益，均轉歸市建局。Civil institution of joint responsibility, as a special responsibility institution, is of a prime significance as to protect the civil rights much more thoroughly
民事連帶責任制度是民法中的特殊責任制度，其根本價值即在於對權利的更為周密的保護。This organization has a distinctive characteristic as described by the following : the general partner provides limited funds to exchange the executive power in the partnership enterprises, meanwhile that has infinity liability to all partner debt. limited partner is responsible for most funds and shares the most profit, which has no executive power on the management but has the limited liability on the basis of the sums
這一合夥形態為大學生、科技人員等智能型人才從事創業投資提供了制度契機，他們可以考慮以科技成果出資，成為有限合伙人，承擔有限責任，既收經營之利，又無需負擔無限連帶責任之累;而財力雄厚的企業家，則以普通合伙人的身份加入合夥組織，普通合伙人以有限的出資，換取合夥企業事務的執行權，但需要對合夥債務承擔無限責任。Article 87. when there are two or more creditors or debtors to a deal, each of the joint creditors shall be entitled to demand that the debtor fulfil his obligations, in accordance with legal provisions or the agreement between the parties ; each of the joint debtors shall be obliged to perform the entire debt, and the debtor who performs the entire debt shall be entitled to ask the other joint debtors to reimburse him for their shares of the debt
第八十七條債權人或者債務人一方人數為二人以上的，依照法律的規定或者當事人的約定，享有連帶權利的每個債權人，都有權要求債務人履行義務負有連帶義務的每個債務人，都負有清償全部債務的義務，履行了義務的人，有權要求其他負有連帶義務的人償付他應當承擔的份額。Article 87 when there are two or more creditors or debtors to a deal, each of the joint creditors shall be entitled to demand that the debtor fulfil his obligations, in accordance with legal provisions or the agreement between the parties ; each of the joint debtors shall be obliged to perform the entire debt, and the debtor who performs the entire debt shall be entitled to ask the other joint debtors to reimburse him for their shares of the debt
第八十七條債權人或者債務人一方人數為二人以上的，依照法律的規定或者當事人的約定，享有連帶權利的每個債權人，都有權要求債務人履行義務；負有連帶義務的每個債務人，都負有清償全部債務的義務，履行了義務的人，有權要求其他負有連帶義務的人償付他應當承擔的份額。Each of the joint creditors
享有連帶權利的每個債權人Where any of the shareholders of a company evades the payment of its debts by abusing the independent status of juridical person or the shareholder ' s limited liabilities, and thus seriously damages the interests of any creditor, it shall bear joint liabilities for the debts of the company
公司股東濫用公司法人獨立地位和股東有限責任，逃避債務，嚴重損害公司債權人利益的，應當對公司債務承擔連帶責任。Where a party has effected division after it entered into a contract, unless otherwise agreed by the obligee and obligor thereunder, the legal persons or other organizations resulting from the division jointly and severally assume the rights and obligations thereunder
當事人訂立合同後分立的，除債權人和債務人另有約定的以外，由分立的法人或者其他組織對合同的權利和義務享有連帶債權，承擔連帶債務。Article 72 rights enjoyed by conciliating creditors to the guarantor of the debtor and other joint debtors will not be affected by the conciliation agreement
第七十二條和解債權人對于債務人的保證人和其他連帶債務人所享有的權利，不因和解協議的成立而受影響。Article 129 where one or more joint debtors are declared bankrupt and the other joint debtor has paid off debts for the bankrupt person, it may exercise its right to recourse as the bankruptcy obligatory right
第一百二十九條連帶債務人一人或者數人受破產宣告的，其他連帶債務人已經代替破產人清償債務的，可以其求償權作為破產債權行使權利。Article 128 where one or more joint debtors are declared bankrupt, the creditor may take the total amount of its obligatory rights at the time of bankruptcy declaration as bankruptcy obligatory rights and exercise rights separately to each bankrupt person
第一百二十八條連帶債務人一人或者數人受破產宣告的，債權人可以其在破產宣告時的債權全額作為破產債權，對各破產人行使權利。Where one or more joint debtors are declared bankrupt, other joint debtor may exercise its future right to recourse, when paying off debts for the bankrupt person, as the bankruptcy obligatory right, except that the creditors have already exercised the total amount of the obligatory rights
連帶債務人一人或者數人受破產宣告的，其他連帶債務人可以其代替破產人清償債務的將來求償權，作為破產債權行使權利。但是，債權人已就其債權全額行使權利的，不在此限。The joint liability stipulations in the decrees of all countries are aimed to ensure the interests of the creditors who are obliged to be paid back by affordable debtors
各國法律規定連帶之債，其立法精神就是確保債權人的利益，使其能向最具償付能力的債務人請求給付。The main theory of social security system includes the following : the idea of exist right, the idea of social equality, the idea of social solidarity
社會保障制度建立的理論主要包括生存權思想、社會公平思想、社會連帶責任思想以及凱恩斯的國家干預論和庇古的福利經濟理論。Joint and several obligation is a important regulation to protect the right. it is a helpful weapon to protect the right of citizens and to keep away the business risk
連帶債務制度是對權利保護的一項重要制度，其根本價值在於對債權人的利益的作了更為周密的保護，最大限度地防範交易風險。Through reasonable disposal of financial rights among different organizations, the financial rights - based enterprise budget management mode clarifies the duties, rights and liabilities of each related party. moreover, it supervises and controls the exertion of financial rights and evaluates the results in the process of budget management connected by financial rights. this mode is a circular control system including the whole process of beforehand, during and afterwards control
以財權為基礎的企業預算管理通過財權在組織間的合理配置，明確各個責任主體的責、權、利，並在預算管理的過程中對財權的運用實行監控，對財權運用結果進行考評，即通過財權這一紐帶將預算管理的整個過程連接起來，是一個包括事前、事中和事後控制的全過程的循環控制系統。The creditor of a joint obligation is entitled to demand total or partial performance from anyone of the debtors, or from several or all of them, simultaneously or successive
第四部分論述連帶債務的內外效力，是本文的重點。連帶債務的外部效力重在體現連帶債務制度的效率價值，側重於對債權人利益的保護。When the corporate cont ribution is above the statutory minimum requirement, but below the registered capital amount filed with the registration authority, and is insufficient to satisfy the minimum capital requirement demanded by the potential business risks accrued to specific industry or size of the corporation, serious under capitalization shall be deemed to exist. in this case, the doctrine of piercing corporate veil shall be applied, and the shareholders shall be held liable for the debt of the corporation. when other circumstances of insufficient contribution made by the shareholders occur, the creditors may demand such shareholders to make up the contribution to the extent of the difference between the amount of the capital already made by the shareholders and the amount of the capital the shareholder subscribed
在股東出資瑕疵而使公司資本低於法律規定的最低資本額時，屬于設立瑕疵，宣布公司設立無效或撤銷公司登記，全面、永久、徹底否認公司人格，股東承擔無限連帶責任；公司資本已經達到法律規定的最低資本額但與在登記機關實際登記的資本不相符，並且不能滿足公司所從事的行業或規模對經營風險的最低要求時，則認定公司資本顯著不足，適用公司法人格否認法理，在個案中責成股東承擔無限連帶責任;在股東出資瑕疵的其他情形下，賦予債權人越過公司直接向股東追繳出資的權利，但債權人行使請求權的范圍為股東已經繳納的出資額和其認購的資本領之差額。分享友人