asset measurement 中文意思是什麼

Accounting for contingencies is one important part of uncertainty accounting ， contingencies widespread exist in enterprises ， as a special economic event ， with developments of economic ， financial relations is complex ， the contents of contingencies unceasing extend ， contingencies plays a more and more important role in financial accounting information and operation policy because theoretical and practical research of contingencies is late ， special data is little ， few pay a ~ ention to treatment of contingencies new accounting law points out that enterprises must explain contingencies arising from guarantees provided for the debit of other enterprises and pending litigation this is the first time that the law requests accounting treatment of contingencies accounting standard for business enterprises ： contingencies prescribes the recognition and measurement of contingencies and the disclosure of relevant information ， the standard is the first standard of contingencies ， improves the accounting treatment for contingencies and the disclosure of relevant information the standard will help us improve the quality of information disclosure the article is divided into five parts to discuss the first part is a general introduction of contingencies ， including the history, the classification ， the framework and so on ， all of which would help readers understand the basic concepts in the article the second part introduces recognition of contingencies ， including recognition condition and accounting of some contingencies etc the third part introduces measurement of contingencies ， including measurement principle and selection of measurement attributes the forth part introduces disclosure of contingencies ， including disclosure of contingent asset ， contingent liability etc the fifth part selects some enterprises financial report to analyse ， points out some problems of contingent disclosure ， gives some suggestions about disclosure of contingencies

對于規范我國企業或有事項的會計核算和相關信息的披露問題，提高會計信息披露質量，保護投資者利益，具有重要的現實意義。本文試就或有事項的確認、計量以及信息披露略談一下自己的認識，對準則可能存在的不足之處提出意見和建議，並採用實證方法對上市公司或有事項的披露狀況進行了分析。本文共分五章進行論述，第一章是對或有事項的概括性介紹，包括或有事項的涵義、特徵、或有事項會計的產生、或有事項的分類以及或有事項會計的基本框架等，有助於讀者了解本文的一些基本概念；第二部分介紹了或有事項的確認，介紹了或有事項的確認條件和幾種具體或有事項的會計處理；第三部分介紹了或有事項的計量，包括或有事項的計量原則和計量屬性的選擇等問題；第四部分介紹了或有事項的披露，包括或有資產、或有負債、預計負債等的披露；第五部分選取了部分上市公司的年報進行實證分析，指出了我國上市公司在或有事項披露方面存在的問題，並提出了完善我國上市公司或有事項信息披露的建議。

The said provision shall also be applicable if the hedged item is an inventory of which the subsequent measurement will be made at its cost and realizable net value, whichever is lower, or a financial asset of which the subsequent value will be made at the amortized cost, or a financial asset available for sale

被套期項目為按成本與可變現凈值孰低進行后續計量的存貨、按攤余成本進行后續計量的金融資產或可供出售金融資產的，也應當按此規定處理。

Secondly, this dissertation introduces the operation principles of kmv and creditmetrics models, and emphatically probes into how the models to measure credit risk of assets portfolio, and analyses the applications in credit asset pricing, the investment decision based on var and the supervision by using internal credit risk measurement models, and advances creditmetrics model based on conditions of china ' s commercial banks, and studies fundamental conditions, limited conditions, and how to use moutun ' s pricing model testing results of creditmetrics model

接著對kmv模型和creditmetrics模型的運作原理進行了介紹，並重點探討了模型是如何對信用資產組合的信用風險進行度量，以及對信用資產定價、基於受險價值的投資決策以及利用內部信用風險度量模型進行監管等方面作了分析，提出基於我國商業銀行信用風險實際的creditmetrics模型，分析了該模型運用的基本條件和限制條件以及如何使用默頓定價模型對creditmetrics模型分析結果進行檢驗。

Beta is a measurement of correlation between the price fluctuations of individual security ( or portfolio ) and the average price fluctuations of all securities in the market, that is called " systematic risk coefficient ". beta has not only important implications in finance theory, but also widely used in investment practices such as asset pricing, portfolio management and performance valuation

一方面，系數是正確理解資本市場理論中有關收益?風險關系的關鍵參數，系數的穩定與否對于capm模型在投資決策方面的應用如資產定價、股票收益預測和投資績效評價至關重要;另一方面，資本市場上的許多事件研究也都依賴于系數的穩定性。

Then, this paper empirically tested the validation and predictive accuracy of different var risk management model in the domestic financial market. finally, with the analysis of modem financial risk management development trend and the current domestic financial risk management situation, this paper made a prospect for the application of this model in the construction of domestic financial risk management system. through the analysis, the main conclusions are as follows : ( l ) the traditional mean - variance model is the special example of the portfolio selection based on the var risk management model for the case that the returns of the portfolio are assumed to be normally distributed ; compared with the mean - variance model, the var risk management model is more comprehensive and accurate in the measurement of the portfolio risk, so based on the var model, the investors can allocate the asset more effectively. ( 2 ) the var risk management model can provide the timely and comprehensive risk information for the top risk manager, so it is very helpful to the improvement of total risk management efficiency. ( 3 ) based on the var model, the raroc performance valuation approach can reflect the real performance of the portfolio manager and provide the coherent standard for the allocation of risk limitation and the construction of the incentive compatibility constraint mechanism in the financial instiutions

通過研究分析，本文主要得出如下結論： （ 1 ）傳統的markowitz均值? ?方差模型僅僅是在資產組合收益率正態分佈假設條件下基於var風險管理模型進行資產組合選擇的特例，與均值? ?方差模型中的方差風險度量方法相比， var風險管理模型能夠更全面、更貼切地衡量資產組合的風險，且基於此模型能夠更有效地進行資產配置決策； （ 2 ） var風險管理模型能夠滿足更高層次風險管理者對風險信息的需求，有助於整體風險管理效率的提高； （ 3 ）基於var風險管理模型的raroc績效評價能夠反映資產組合管理人的真實業績，從而為金融機構風險限額的分配和激勵約束機制的制定提供統一的標準； （ 4 ）國內證券市場資產組合收益率服從正態分佈的假設明顯不成立，實證檢驗表明基於資產組合收益率正態分佈假設條件下的方差? ?協方差模型對國內資產組合風險的預測存在較大的偏差，由於文中證明在收益率正態分佈假設條件下基於方差? ?協方差模型進行資產組合選擇的結果等價于markowitz的均值? ?方差模型，因此，均值? ?方差模型對國內資產組合風險的預測同樣會存在著較大的偏差，而半參數var風險管理模型則能夠取得較好的預測衡量效果； （ 5 ） var風險管理模型符合未來金融風險管理的發展趨勢，基於var風險管理模型建立內容提要風險限額內控體系、風險信息披露體系和業績評價體系，並進行金融監管，將有助於國內金融機構內部風險管理方法和外部監管技術跟上國際金融風險管理的發展潮流。

Eecept for exordium this paper is divided into four parts : firstly, this thesis introduces the basic concept and connotation of risk and market risk. it illustrates the basic process of market risk management over all which consists of the discrimination of market risk, the measurement of market risk, the sensitivity analysis of market risk, extreme value analysis of market risk, the treatment and the inspection of market risk. afterwards it analyzes the necessity that the asset management department of security company carries out market risk management and it also analyzes the current situation of market risk management of management department of security company

從文章結構來看，除緒論以外，本文共分四部分：本文首先介紹了風險和市場風險及市場風險管理的基本概念和內涵，並從總體上給出了市場風險管理的基本過程，其包括市場風險的辨識、市場風險的測量、市場風險的靈敏度分析、市場風險的極值分析、市場風險的處理和市場風險的監管等，然後分析了我，國券商資產管理業務進行市場風險管理的必要性，及目前市場風險管理的現狀。

Article 18 the measurement of deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities shall reflect the effect of the expected asset recovery or liability settlement method on the balance sheet day on the income taxes, i. e. the tax rate and tax base, which is adopted at the time of measurement of the deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities and shall be identical with those of expected asset recovery or liability settlement method

第十八條遞延所得稅資產和遞延所得稅負債的計量，應當反映資產負債表日企業預期收回資產或清償負債方式的所得稅影響，即在計量遞延所得稅資產和遞延所得稅負債時，應當採用與收回資產或清償債務的預期方式相一致的稅率和計稅基礎。

In the first place, this paper researched the theory basis of asset impairment. then analyzed and compared sfas no. 144 " accounting for the impairment or disposal of long - lived assets " and ias no. 36 " impairment of assets ", and paid attention to recognition and measurement. there were many worthy points to be reference by us

然後比較分析了sfasno . 144 《長期資產減值和處置的會計處理》和iasno . 36 《資產減值》中有關長期資產減值的規定，重點分析了兩者在資產減值確認和計量上採取的不同方法和原因，其中有很多值得我國會計制度借鑒之處。

The most interesting problem is the measurement of loan, which is the biggest part in the bank asset. which measurement base is better, historical cost or fair value or anything else ? this paper wants to weight the advantages and disadvantages of these measurement bases and have a tentative conclusion

為此，本文從會計計量屬性入手對于使用最多的計量屬性? ?歷史成本與公允價值進行了分析，分析了它們各自的優缺點以及計算方法，並對公允價值在金融工具中的使用現狀進行了一個回顧。

When identifying the basis of apportion charges, administrate office should judge and recognize from the whole company and individual branches. the identification and measurement of segment asset and owes include two aspects : the direct ones and which need to distribute on the quantitative basis

分部資產和分部負債的確認和計量主要包括兩個方面：首先確認可直接歸屬該分部的項目數額，其次確認可按合理基礎分配給該分部的項目數額。

The fixed assets play a key role in waterway transportation, but compared with its role, the research on it in theory is insufficient. the paper will probe into the recognition, measurement, depreciation of waterway fixed assets based on the property of fixed asset and its depreciation

然而，理論界對其的研究相對於它的作用而言尚顯不足，本文從固定資產及其折舊的性質著手，就水運固定資產的確認、計價、修理、折舊等問題進行具體、深入的探討。