common law action 中文意思是什麼
common law action
解釋
普通法訴訟-
There was no immediate action on the lawsuit filed in hamilton county common pleas court. the group claims the law is unconstitutional and hopes to get a restraining order
漢密爾頓市民事訴訟法院並未就該訴訟馬上起初起訴。協會聲稱禁煙令違反憲法，並希望獲得禁止令。 -
Secondly, does public interest and general interest are the same things ? at last, the author draw a conclusion that public interest is not an abstract conception, and although there has something in common between public interest and general interest, there has also difference between two of them. the last part is a comment on the principle ' s significance and function, the author begins all of this with a case, discussing when we will need to use this principle directly, the author concludes that, if there is no law in writing to use, judges can use this principle directly, and, in some case, if the specific law ' s use may lead to unfair or cause an unmoral " s action objectively, judges can also prevent this result by use of this principle
針對第一個問題，筆者認為公共利益具有客觀性和社會共享性兩大特徵，但這並不是說公共利益就是一個完全抽象的概念，公共物品和公共服務是公共利益的現實的物質表現形式，在此，筆者又對公共物品作了一個簡要的劃分;針對第二個問題，筆者首先從英文字面的角度對共同利益的概念進行了辨析，認為共同利益實際上指代兩種關系，一種是指代共同體利益，一種指的是利益關系的產物，作為共同體利益，共同利益的性質取決于共同體的性質，作為利益關系的產物，共同利益的性質取決于原構利益主體的性質以及雙方的目的。 -
Common law takes the view that the actor should take responsibility of what has done with the precondition of a valid contract. even analyzing the consideration theory of commom law, the unauthorized disposition wont lead to the lack of consideration then make the contract invalid the international demonstration law, representing the development trend of world law, even expresses the theory that unauthorized disposition had nothing to do with validation of contract in a more explicit way in their legislation. hence the countries with advanced civil law all think or tend to mink mat unauthorized disposition contract should n ' t be invalid just only because of the action of unauthorized. china civil law should also follow the trend
英美法系則認為處分人應負權利擔保責任，而這一責任承擔的前提應是合同有效。即使從英美法系的約因理論分析，處分人無處分權也並不會造成缺乏約因，不會導致合同無效。代表了世界法律發展趨勢的國際示範法則更為明確地表達了處分人無處分權與合同效力沒有關系的思想。 -
Second chapter is the judge ’ s right of interpretation and civil action model for judge, and who has introduced the different models the circumstances of the judge ’ s right of interpretation, and the civil lawsystem model has clearly and definitely to stipulate, and the value is laid special emphasis on fai ; and the system of common law has similar judge, that the value is laid special emphasis on in the efficiency
第二部分為法官釋明權與民事訴訟模式，介紹了不同模式的法官釋明權的情況，大陸型當事人主義模式對釋明權有明確規定，價值側重於公平;英美型當事人主義模式中有類似法官釋明權規定，價值側重於效率。 -
The rules of action in rem of britain, which are characteristic of the common law countries, also exerts great influence. the maritime procedure law has adopted many specific rules of action in rem, which have been proved correct in theory and feasible in practice
英國的對物訴訟制度對我國扣船制度影響重大，對物訴訟的諸多程序和實體性的優點，為海訴法所吸收，大大地發展和完善了我國的扣船制度。 -
And the rules of action reconciliation, one of its core and critical contents in the litigation contract, have been taken great heed of by the countries of the civil law system and the common law ones
訴訟和解制度作為訴訟契約的一項核心內容受到大陸法系國家和英美法系國家的普遍重視。我國也屬於市場經濟國家，當事人在訴訟中達成和解的比比皆是。 -
First, the author, after discussing the foundation of theory of giving evidence by witness, thinks that giving evidence by witness in not only the legal obligation, but the realization of his own will ; not only the external coerciveness of the law, but the internal needs of safeguarding common interests of the society and an insurance for the interests of the witness in litigation field. moreover, it fully conforms to the principle of litigation economy ; for it not only reduces the investment of the party and state in litigation, but enhance the efficiency of action
首先對證人作證的理論基礎進行了探討，認為證人出庭作證，既是其履行法定義務，又是其自身意志的實現；證人出庭作證，不是法律的外在強制，而是維護社會共同利益的內在需要，是證人對自身利益在訴訟領域的「投保」 ；證人出庭作證，可以減少當事人和國家對訴訟的投入，從而提高訴訟效率，完全符合訴訟經濟原則。 -
And so without artificially analysing all the converging planes of the cone and ranks of the army or classes or ranks of any department whatever, or public undertaking, from lower to higher, a law comes into existence, by which men always combine together for the performance of common action in such relation that the more directly they take part in the action, the less they command, and the greater their numbers ; and the less direct the part they take in the common action, the more they command, and the fewer they are in number ; passing in that way from the lower strata up to a single man at the top, who takes least direct share in the action, and devotes his energy more than all the rest to giving commands
因此，不用特意分解連成一體的圓錐體的各個部分一支軍隊的所有官職，或任何行政機關或公共事業中由最低級到最高級的職稱和職位，我們就可以看出一種法則，根據這種法則，採取聯合行動的人們結成下面的關系：愈多地直接參與行動的人，他們的指揮權就愈小，他們的人數就愈多而愈少地直接參與行動的人，他們的指揮權就愈大，他們的人數也就愈少照這樣從底層上升到最後那個人，那個人最少地直接參與行動，最多地發號施令。
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