developing temperature 中文意思是什麼
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This dissert aims at developing the high - speed temperature - measuring instrument for the application of high energy density heating
本課題針對高能量密度加熱過程中高速測溫的需要進行專用測溫儀的研製。 -
The imported transparent glaze fired at lower temperature was analysed semi - quantitatively by adopting emission spectroscope. the stripping of lead and cadmium from this transparent glaze fired at lower temperature in ceramic product was determined by atomic absorption spectroscope. the effect of chemical composition on the stripping of lead and cadmium was analysed. upon the author s opinion, the overproof lead stripping from the imported transparent glaze fired at lower temperature can only be settled by adopting lead - free glaze instead of adopting low - lead prescription. the author succeeded in developing an excellent lead - free transparent glaze fired at the lower temperature of 1000 1050. the success is based on an inquiry into the feasibility of using such new agents of fusion as li2o and sro in replacement of pbo ; and on a study of the effects of the contents of sio2 ， al2o3 ， b2o3and other metallic oxides on such performances of glaze as coefficient of linear expansion, fusion temperature and transparency. it is also based on an analysis of coefficient of linear expansion of blank and glaze on an analysis of coefficient of linear expansion of blank and glaze on their correlation ; and on a study of technology for preparing glaze
採用發射光譜儀對進口低溫透明釉進行半定量分析，並用原子吸收光譜儀測定其陶瓷製品的鉛、鎘的溶出量，分析化學成分對鉛、鎘溶出量的影響.結果表明，進口低溫透明釉採用低鉛配方不能解決鉛溶出量的超標問題，只有採用無鉛釉才能解決.探討用氧化鋰和氧化鍶等新型熔劑完全代替氧化鉛的工藝，研究釉料中氧化硅、氧化鋁、氧化硼和各種金屬氧化物的含量，對釉的線膨脹系數、熔融溫度和透明度等性能的影響.分析坯料、釉料的線膨脹系數及其相互關系和釉料制備的工藝，研製出優質的1000 1050低溫無鉛透明釉 -
This text divides into five chapters altogether : chapter one in the introduction, have introduced the common sensor of displacement, has pointed out the fine characteristic of hall ' s sensor, put forward the basic task ; chapter two have introduced the basic operation principle of hall ' s component ; chapter three introduce hall temperature performance, electromagnetic characteristic, zero error, frequency characteristic and these parameter commonly used compensation method and hall simple application of component ; chapter four having recommended the measurement principle of the feedback servo mechanism, systematic implementation method, the experimental result has appeared, structure the mathematics model, and has analysed the error ; chapter five have pointed out the developing direction in the future while looking forward to
本文共分為五章：第一章緒論中，介紹了常見的位移傳感器，指出了霍爾傳感器的優良特性，提出了基本任務；第二章介紹了霍爾元件的基本工作原理；第三章介紹了霍爾元件的溫度性能、電磁特性、零位誤差、頻率特性以及這些參數常用的補償方法和霍爾元件的簡單應用；第四章介紹了反饋隨動機構的測量原理，系統的實現方法，給出了實驗結果，構建了數學模型，並對誤差進行了分析；第五章展望中指出了今後的發展方向。 -
The results showed that : there were five stages in the rising process of the internal temperature of untreated, fire - retardant solution soaked, and fire - proof paint coated wood during the fire ; the carbonization rate of wood decreased by 21. 1 % ~ 35. 6 % and the rising speed of internal temperature also declined greatly when wood was soaked in fire - retardant solution or coated with fireproof paint ; the carbonization rate of white pine was 8. 5 % ~ 17. 4 % higher than that of the northeast china ash ; for untreated wood, the carbonization rate in tangential direction was 5. 8 % ~ 10. 5 % higher than that in radial direction ; the internal temperature of wood varies with the developing direction of combustion
結果表明：火災發生過程中未處理木材、阻燃浸漬處理和塗刷防火徐料木材內部溫度上升過程出現5個階段；經過阻燃浸漬處理和塗刷防火塗料后，木材的燃燒炭化速度降低了21 . 1 % ~ 35 . 6 % ，內部溫度上升速度大幅度下降；白皮松木材的燃燒炭化速度比水曲柳木材的燃燒炭化速度快8 . 5 % ~ 17 . 4 % ；未處理木材沿弦向的燃燒炭化速度比徑向快5 . 8 % ~ 10 . 5 % ；木材內部的溫度變化沿燃燒推進方向不同而不同。 -
To improve understanding of the processes of heterogeneous land surface - atmosphere interaction, the utilization of satelli te remote sensing is indispensadle. in this paper, with the aid of satellite remote sensing and fiend observational data which observed during intensive observation of huaihe river bain energy and water cycle experiment hubex in 1998, the surface albedo, ndvi normalized difference vegetaton index and surface temperature in regional scale of hubex could be derived. then, the distribution of regional energy balance components could be estimated. this wor provided the physical foundation for the numerical simulation of the huaihe river basin energy and water pro cesses, and is important for us to further analyze the regional distribution of surface characteristic parameters ad energy balance components with the change of the weather situation in hubex in 1998. our work is still in a developing stage, some methods of retrieval in the paper should be improved further
利用1998年淮河流域加密觀測試驗hubex iop期間的資料，進行淮河流域能量平衡的參數化方案的研究，用noaa衛星的avhrr資料建立了試驗區地表特徵參數及能量平衡各分量的參數化方程，並對衛星遙感反演結果和試驗觀測值進行了對比，為淮河流域能量和水循環的數值模擬提供了物理依據。 -
Abstract : the processes of thermal - bonding and the features of raw material were breifly described, the temperature, pressure and speed to properties of thermal - bonded fabric were demonstratively related on the basis of three specific trials. futhermore, the authors present a point of view about the developing tendency of themal - bonding technologies for hygienic market after having an analysis upon current market status
文摘:簡要介紹了熱軋非織造布工藝流程和衛生用熱軋非織造布原料的特點與選擇.通過對3個試驗的描述和對試驗結果的分析，詳細地論證了溫度、壓力和速度對熱軋非織造布性能的影響.根據市場的現狀，發表了對衛生用薄型非織造布生產技術發展方向的展望 -
( 3 ) participating in the developing of analysis < software about temperature field stress field and expand field of concrete ; combining these software with ansys and developing special software for simulation analysis of mgo - mixed concrete base on ansys
（ 3 ）參與研製開發了有關溫度場、應力場及mgo混凝土膨脹場的分析軟體，並將上述軟體有機地與ansys軟體結合，在ansys基礎上開發了外摻mgo混凝土模擬分析的專用軟體。 -
The developing trends of fluoropolymer coatings, such as water soluble fluoropolymer coatings powder fluoropolymer coatings and low or room temperature curable fluoropolymer coatings
摘要論述了幾種氟聚合物塗料，如水性氟聚合物塗料、粉末氟聚合物塗料和低溫或常溫固化氟聚合物塗料的開發動向。 -
The results indicated that the dimension, shape and purity of base material could meet the functional demand of solid lubricant ; the thermal decomposition temperature of ptfe resin exceeds 400 c, but organic and inorganic packing filler added in ptfe made the water absorption rate of composite material increased, melting temperature and decomposition temperature decreased, in the meanwhile oxidative decomposition reaction was accompanied ; polar groups such as c = o, c - o - c and so on in the carbon fiber surface is advantageous to increase compatibility with other components and interlayer shearing strength ; uniform design experimental method could help to find the relationship between formula and frictional property by relatively small tests. the developing trend of each formula ' s friction coefficient could be showed by fitting curve ; the friction coefficient with no copper powder or graphite in formula was relatively big. this fact showed that copper powder and graphite should be used cooperatively ; it was found that when the ratio of copper powder to graphite by weight is 15 : 60, 30 : 30 - 40 and 60 : 15 - 30 respectively, the friction coefficient was relatively small. the degree of crystallinity of pure ptfe reached maximum by air cooling and the abrasion loss also reached maximum among three ones ; at the same time, the abrasion loss of solid lubricant sample was also the biggest among three ones ; when solid lubricant matched with 45 # steel axle or gcrl5 steel axle, lubricant transfer film could be formed on metal surface, thus direct contact between the surface of metal friction pair rings was reduced. their working life was elongated extremely ; there was mainly much graphite, a little ptff, moo3, feso4, cus and so on in lubricant transfer film
試驗結果表明：所選原料的尺寸、形狀及純度可滿足固體潤滑劑的性能要求；聚四氟乙烯樹脂熱分解溫度超過400 ，但在ptfe中加入無機填料會使復合材料吸水率提高，熔融溫度及分解溫度降低，且伴有氧化分解反應；碳纖維表面含有c = o及c - o - c等極性基團，有利於提高其與其它組分的相容性，提高層間剪切強度；均勻設計試驗方法能夠用較少的試驗次數找出配方與摩擦性能間的關系，擬合曲線基本能表示各配方的摩擦系數發展趨勢；配方中不加銅粉或不加石墨，其摩擦系數均較高，說明銅粉和石墨應該配合使用；當銅粉15份、石墨60份時，銅粉30份、石墨30 - 40份時，銅粉60 、石墨15 - 30份時，摩擦系數均具有較低值；純聚四氟乙烯樹脂在空氣冷卻時結晶度最大，磨損量也是三者中最大的；同時，固體潤滑劑試樣在空氣冷卻時的磨損量也是三者中最大的：不論是固體潤滑劑與45 #鋼軸配副或是固體潤滑劑鑲嵌入銅套后與gcr15鋼軸配副，在金屬表面均可形成潤滑轉移膜，從而減少金屬摩擦副表面間的直接接觸，大大延長其使用壽命;轉移膜中主要含有較多的石墨、少量聚四氟乙烯、 moo 。 -
In the view o6f micro mechanics and fracture mechanics, the mechanism of crack generation of mass concrete is expatiated, thermal stress on the interface between aggregate and cement paste of concrete and crack forming and developing is analyzed and the disciplinarian crack developing with temperature is given
本文從微觀力學和斷裂力學的角度，探討了混凝土結構開裂機理，分析了溫變過程中混凝土骨料與水泥砂漿界面上的溫度應力以及界面裂紋的萌生和擴展，給出了裂縫隨溫度變化的擴展規律。 -
Touch on developing large - flow and high - pressure ratio impressor and large - enthalpy drop turbine, reducing harmful emission, solving the major problems of high - temperature blade material, cooling, protective coating and single - grain blade casting, and comfirm some important manufacturing techniques
涉及了開發大流量高壓比壓氣機、大焓降渦輪，降低有害排放量，解決高溫葉片的材料、冷卻、保護塗層及單晶葉片鑄造等主要問題，並確認了一些關鍵的製造技術。 -
The key to prediction of casting shrinkage / porosity lies in ascertaining the critical value of temperature gradient and niyama criterion. the thesis put forward two methods to ascertain the value, one is which is positive - direction and the other is negative - direction. we verify the realistic arithmetic of temperature gradient method and niyama criterion method by experiment, and we can draw a conclusion that the arithmetic is correct and reasonable in most cases and choice of developing tool is sound
臨界梯度值和新山判據臨界值的確定是實現縮孔縮松預測的關鍵，本文提出了確定臨界值的正向法和反向法，並以高鉻鑄鐵件縮孔縮松預測和鑄造工藝改進為研究對象，應用正向法，確定了溫度梯度法的臨界值為180 m 。 -
The main research contents of the technical design include : analyzing the necessary parts of the solar x - euv telescope and the method of imaging x and euv ray ; developing the optic, electronic and mechanical design of this instrument ; computing solar x - euv imaging telescope ' s response to different temperature plasma, analyzing combination application of telescope filters for reconstructing the plasma paramaters and apprasing the telescope ' s response to the solar activities
技術設計的主要內容包括：分析瞭望遠鏡的系統組成及成像方式選擇；完成太陽x - euv成像望遠鏡光學、電子學、機械等方面的技術設計：計算分析了太陽x - euv成像望遠鏡對不同溫度的等離子體響應、反演高低溫等離子體參數的最佳過濾片組合利用及望遠鏡對不同太陽活動現象的響應。 -
When the substrate temperature is changed from room temperature to 550 and the gas pressure is varied from 0. 1pa to 30pa, the structures of zno thin films are c - axis oriented multi - crystalline. the landscape orientation growing speed of crystal grains is controlled mainly by depositing speed of zn and o atoms, while c - axis developing speed is chiefly dominated by depositing speed and activity of zn and o atoms
Sb _ 2o _ 3摻雜zno薄膜中sb以替位原子及化合物（ sb _ 2o _ 3和zn7sb2o12 ）等形式存在， zno呈混晶方式生長;摻雜薄膜在遠紫外波段的吸收顯著增強，吸收邊變得陡峭且向短波方向移動達5nm ，在可見光波段的吸收有所增強。 -
Through the thermodynamic analysis for the sandstorm weather according to the simulated potential temperature, potential vorticity field, it is found that this sandstorm weather occurred in the condition of the atmospheric stratification stability, the area of the high potential temperature value and the potential temperature gradient have a good corresponding relationship with the surface cold air and cold front, so are the strength of potential vorticity and the different developing stage of sandstorm
利用輸出的位溫、位勢渦度場，對沙塵暴天氣進行熱動力條件分析，發現本次沙塵暴天氣發生在大氣層結穩定狀態下，位溫大值區及位溫梯度與地面暖低壓的強弱和移動有著很好的對應關系，位渦的水平分佈特徵和強弱變化對沙塵暴的出現時間和落區有一定的指示意義。 -
This paper is consisted of two major parts : one deals with the general working performance of the fmghp by setting up mathematic model and developing computer procedure, getting the datum related to the capillary flow and heat transfer, analysing the working characteristics of fmghp in different working temperature, heat flux and inclination angle etc. in this part, the prediction of capillary and boiling limit are also included. the other major part studies the flow and heat transfer characteristics in the micro - film region formed by the meniscus attached on the metalic fin in the micro rectangular groove. investigations on the influence of width of groove and other factors on heat transfer in this region have been made. the importance of this micro - region in the heat transfer of the entire heat pipe has been unveiled. the heat transfer characteristics gotten by this research could be used in design and application and also optimization of this kind of fmghp
本文在大量查閱現有國內外文獻的基礎上，總結並綜合前人有關微槽平板熱管理論研究方面的成果，對單面刻有槽道的微槽平板熱管進行了較為深入和細致的研究。本文的研究共分兩大部分，其中第一部分考察了該型熱管的整體工作表現，通過建立數學模型和開發相應的計算程序，得到了熱管內部毛細流動和傳熱的數據，分析了熱管在不同工作傾角、不同加熱熱流以及不同工作溫度等情況下工作特性的變化規律，考察了汽液界面上的剪切作用對熱管傳熱量的影響，並且進一步在理論上預測了該型熱管的毛細和沸騰極限。 -
Through developing a 2 - dimensions heat transfer model of buried pipe - in - pipe heat exchanger and simulating the process by computer, the author figures out inter - relations of factors which influence characteristics of buried pipe - in - pipe heat exchanger, such as pipe diameter, pipe length, ratio of pipe diameters, flow rate, inlet water temperature, patterns of water inlet and outlet, and material features made of pipe, and proposes some optimizing indexes of buried pipe - in - pipe heat exchanger. the author studies the " heat - - short circuit " phenomenon as well and gives < wp = 5 > some important results
本文通過建立地下套管式埋管換熱器傳熱過程的二維傳熱模型，並藉助計算機對分析結果進行解析，弄清了影響埋管換熱器性能的管徑、管長、管徑比、通過流量、進水溫度、進出水方式以及管材等參數的作用，並提出了相應的優化指標，對研究界懸而未決的「熱短路」問題也進行了細致分析，得出了有關結論。 -
In fixing stage, the ions in crystals move to form an ionic grating that compensates the electronic grating at elevated temperature. in developing stage after cooling crystals to room temperature, a homogeneous illumination erases the electronic grating and brings out the ionic grating
定影是通過加熱記錄了體全息光柵的晶體使晶體中的離子運動並去補償記錄信息的電子光柵，形成與電子光柵互補的離子光柵；顯影是在室溫下用均勻光束照射晶體以擦除掉電子光柵，得到離子光柵。 -
Thirdly, by the method of questionnaire and quality control tools, the buying and selling process quality control proposal is given in this article, thereby, the analytical methods of quality control including the acceptance criterion of wheat, the process capacity of supply and customer satisfaction indexes evaluation are discussed in this article. fourthly, based on the methods of statistical process control, this article evaluate the factor that have a impact on the process of the stored grain with qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, and bring forward the design proposal of controlling temperature for stored grain in warehouse. at last, in order to bring the optimization design for quality management system into effect and advance the enterprise in overall management, the article table a proposal including strengthening the training of quality management, introducing iso9000 standard into quality management, bringing about the grain industrialization, standardizing quality inspection criterion, developing the computer auxiliary control system
首先依照iso9001標準，藉助于設計的專家調查表通過專家調查，對該糧庫的質量管理體系現狀進行詳細分析，確定出質量管理體系文件、資源管理、產品實現過程、質量控制和質量改進五個方面存在的主要問題；其次運用系統方法建立了糧庫質量管理體系完善程序及質量管理體系的三維空間結構模型，並在此基礎上優化設計出了質量管理體系內部審核、不合格控制、糾正和預防措施等質量改進實施方案；再次，運用調查表法和質量管理控制工具對該糧庫的糧食輪換過程的質量控制進行了優化設計，確定出糧食采購標準、供應過程能力分析以及顧客滿意度評價等分析方案；然後，運用統計過程分析方法對糧食倉儲過程的影響因素及其原因進行定性和定量分析評價，確定出倉儲過程質量控制的優化方案；最後，為確保設計方案的有效實施，從糧庫加強質量管理培訓、導入iso9000族標準、糧食產業化開發、規范糧食質量檢驗標準、開發計算機輔助控制系統五個方面提出具體實施建議，以便提高其整體質量管理水平。 -
4. traditional theories for restrained stress of mass concrete does not agree with the construction method of long block without longitudinal joints, but now more and more dams are being constructed this way. by numerical simulating, this paper studies the temperature in and thermal stress developing process of column concrete blocks with different lengths ( 20m, 40m, 60m, 80m, 120m )
針對常規的混凝土應力計算方法不支持長澆築塊的通倉澆築方案，而通倉澆築方法卻在工程實際得到越來越多的應用（如二灘，最長澆築塊為60m ；溪洛渡，最長澆築塊為69m ）的情況，通過數值模擬分析計算方法，在同等條件下計算了不同澆築塊長度（ 20m 、 40m 、 60m 、 80m 、 120m ）的溫度過程與應力發展過程。
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