existing surface 中文意思是什麼
existing surface
解釋
現有曲面-
A one - dimensional oceanic mixed layer model with the m - y level - 2. 5 turbulence closure schemes is employed. the rate of energy loss by breaking waves is estimated by parameterization and incorporated into the model as a source of turbulence kinetic energy ( tke ) by modifying the existing surface boundary condition of tke equation. the velocity field and turbulence energy budget are calculated under different forcing conditions ( the results given below are for a wind speed of 20 m / s. )
採用一維2 . 5階湍封閉混合層模式，根據參數化方法對波浪破碎導致的能量耗散率進行了估計，通過改變湍動能方程的上邊界條件引入波浪破碎對湍動能生成的影響，計算了不同風應力強迫下的混合層流場結構和湍能量收支（下述給出的結果是取風速為20m s得到的） 。 -
On the formation mechanism, the rills were mainly formed by the concentrated action of the runoff on dyke slope, while the formation of socket mainly depended on surface runoff, subsurface flow and the existing defects within the dykes such as crack, mouse hole, fox and brocks dens
在成因上，前者主要是降雨形成超滲地面徑流的集中對戧坡的侵蝕作用而形成；後者主要與坡面徑流、壤中流，以及土堤的薄弱點（如裂縫、鼠洞、狐1一灌洞等）有關。 -
Growth of infiltrating malignancy existing on surface of the peritoneum
3 .浸潤性惡性腫瘤腹膜表面少量種植 -
The important meaning in which this direction studied has lain in establishing the connection between the material science of concrete and civil engineering, analyse the strength in terms of material microcosmic or the mesoscopic, have important meaning to understanding, know the essential law of the strength of concrete. this text divides six chapters altogether. chapter one reviewed the pore structure in nowadays domestic and international research current situation, including the concrete examines research, research of the pore structure model and the research current situations of pore structure and strength relation of the pore method, have introduced some most important achievements of structure research of pore ; chapter two narrated much yardstick of the material mesoscopic structure of concrete and principle of examining pore technology of material of concrete, and the commonly used sign parameter in discussedding the pore and material pore of quito of cement and analyse, have explained that the influence factor of mip to the result of study of pore, has pointed out the limitation in mip in the pore structure ; analyse porosity and strength relation development course of model emphatically, and has carried on comparative analysis to the existing model, has pointed out the weak point of the original model ; on the basis of " ing integrate synthetically ", propose concrete pore structure compound body model and pore physical model of systemlex body ; chapter five carried on the corresponding test data to compares to the model parameter appearing in model of chapter four with and analyses, have received k value of the characteristic of strength of matrices of reflecting according to the method to return to analysis, and calculate the influence produced on the strength of concrete in revision that can probed into the content of cement, elastic mould and surface energy, exactness of the inspection model ; chapter six is the conclusion, according to studying the survey this text to some research conclusions of the pore structure and making corresponding prospect to the structure development of pore
第一章回顧了孔結構在當今國內外的研究現狀，包括混凝土測孔方法的研究、孔結構模型的研究及孔結構與強度關系的研究現狀，介紹了孔結構研究方面的一些最重要的成果；第二章敘述了混凝土材料細觀結構的多尺度性及混凝土材料測孔技術的原理，並討論了水泥基多孔材料孔隙分析中常用的表徵參數，也說明了壓汞法測孔對研究結果的影響因素，指出了壓汞法在孔結構研究中的局限性；第三章是著重分析了孔隙率與強度關系模型的發展歷程，並對已有的模型進行了比較分析，指出了原有模型的不足之處；第四章在「綜合集成」的基礎上，提出了混凝土孔結構復合體模型和孔系統的物理模型，並模擬了該模型下由各單體並聯形成的復合體的斷裂過程，最後根據所建模型編制了相應的計算程序，可根據輸入的孔徑分佈與水泥含量等參數，實現混凝土理論強度的計算；第五章對第四章模型中出現的模型參數進行了相應的試驗數據對比分析，根據回歸分析的方法得到了反映基體強度特徵的k值，並從理論上探討了水泥含量、彈性模量和表面能的修正對混凝土強度計算產生的影響，檢驗模型的正確性；第六章是結論與展望，根據研究綜述了本文對孔結構的一些研究結論並對孔結構發展作了相應的展望。 -
Cizhou kiln was one of the popular civilian klins existing in areas of henan, hebei and shanxi provinces. as the clay body - of yellowish brown, red and grey - was coarse and loose, the cizhou kiln potters applied a layer of white slip on the surface and decorated the ware with carved, sgraffito and russet painted patterns before firing them in the kiln
磁州窯是一個極大的民體系散佈於河南河北山西等地，其胎土質地粗松顏色黃褐紅灰都有，所以磁州製品，多先以白色化妝土塗抹胎面，再用刻剔或鐵繪技法裝飾花紋，之後再上釉燒制。 -
When soil antecedent condition is dry and the initial rainfall intensity is high, peak surface runoff also considerably lag behind that of rainfall, because of the formation of temporary relative impermeable top layer ; b ) surface runoff is controlled primarily by infiltration - excess runoff mechanism under unsaturated condition ; the major fraction of surface runoff are dominated by saturated infiltration - excess runoff response, only a small fraction by return flow mechanism when soil is saturated ; c ) subsurface flow is dominated by saturated runoff mechanism, and the duration of subsurface post the rainfall end is dependent upon rather the soil properties than the rainfall characteristics ; d ) subsurface flow intensity in cultivated soil layer ( 0 ~ 20cm ) is high up to 35mm / h when rainfall intensity is up to 120mm / h, indicating the existing of macropores and pipe flow in cultivated layer
2 ）耕作制下紫色土的產流主要機制是： 1 ）當雨前土壤含水量未達到飽和狀態時，表面產流起始時間有明顯滯后現象，這與紫色土的快吸水性和較多非毛管孔隙密切相關；當雨前土壤較乾燥，降雨初期雨強較大時，易形成臨時相對不透水表層，表面產流峰也有明顯滯后現象。 2 ）表面徑流的產流方式主要是超滲產流，當土壤達到飽和狀態后，有四川大學博士學位論文小部分回歸流發生，但主要是飽和超滲產流發生，因為紫色土的相對不透水層和其它透水障礙層不明顯。 3 ）壤中流主要是飽和產流，與降雨過程有明顯的滯后，而且雨停后的壤中流產流歷時與降雨特徵無關。 -
A project with earthworks and other building works partly in an existing site of special scientific interest - about 250m length of the proposed cable tunnel passes though the existing castle peak site of special scientific interest ( sssi ) at a depth of about 300m below the surface
包括挖泥工程及其他建築工程在內的工程項目，而該等項目部分位於現有的具有特別科學價值的地點?擬建的電纜隧道中一段約250米長的隧道于地面下約300米經過現有的青山具有特別科學價值的地點。 -
Firstly, by improving the existing light - cylinder model based highlight - line method for surface interrogation, a new method, named light - strip model based highlight - line method, is proposed. it overcame the disadvantages of the existing one
給出了改進的曲面品質檢查高亮線方法，用光片模型取代光柱模型，解決了現有高亮線方法存在的檢查結果與基準光線相關的問題。 -
Existing calculation methods for burning surface do n ' t well agree with the experimental data with complicated grain. in order to eliminate the error, tests data are used to correct the prefigurative result generally, and it is impossible to calculate burning surface of grain with crack. debond and wtith changing burning rate of propellant
目前現有的固體裝藥燃面演算法，在計算復雜裝藥燃面時仍有較大誤差，為消除這種誤差往往需要用試車結果給予修正；同時在計算含缺陷裝藥燃面和處理裝藥因批次燃速變化時的燃氣加質更是束手無策。 -
In this paper the present situation of water supply source and the existing problem in shangzhou city is analyzed, and the countermeasure is advanced to intensify the unified management of water resource, to develop the surface water of erlongshan reservoir and improve the utilization efficiency of water resource
本文分析了目前商州市城區供水水源現狀及存在問題，並提出了加強水資源統一管理、開發二龍山水庫地表水、提高水資源利用率等解決對策。 -
It has high selectivity in adsorpting water, polar molecule or polarizable molecule on account of the existing of mighty coulomb field and polar interaction in the internal of crystal cave of zeolite, the high electric field gradient and the uneven surface caused by the exposure of exchangable cation of equilibrium framework negative charge in framework structures
由於分子篩晶穴內部有強太原理工大學碩士學位論文摘要大的庫侖場和極性作用，再加上骨架中大量平衡骨架負電荷的可交換陽離子的暴露造成的高電場梯度及表面的不均性，使其對水、極性分子及可極化的分子具有高選擇的吸附性能。 -
The paper has improved the existing lifting - line and lifting - surface design method by including the rake and skew and solving the optimum circulation distribution with the optimum theory. the blade geometry is expressed with b - spline for the lift - surface method. the boundary condition on the blade is transformed to minimize the summation of the square of normal velocities, the fair blade geometry can be obtained by present technique and the design quality is better
改進了現有的升力線和升力面設計方法，在升力線設計中計及槳葉的縱傾和側斜的影響，用優化理論求解最佳環量分佈，升力面設計中用b樣條來擬合槳葉，將物面邊界條件轉化為求法向速度分量的平方最小，由此可得到光順的槳葉幾何形狀，提高和改進了設計質量。 -
The present utilization and existing problems in water resource of the north of huaihe river in anhui are introduced. based on such research objects as northern guo river of bozhou, jiangtang of fuyang and key city zones, a mathematical model with systems engineering viewpoint is established and used to investigate in water resource problems in the area. the main contents are as following : ( 1 ) groundwater resource and present utilization ; ( 2 ) mensuration of calculational parameters of groundwater and calculational methods ; ( 3 ) economic parameters of irrigation areas ; ( 4 ) establishing northern wo river forecast model with finite element method, areal well - group method and water balance method ; ( 5 ) establishing optimal water resource allocating model for northern jiangtang and new cihuaixin river irrigation area and investigating in the combination of surface water and groundwater, optimal agricultural planting - mode and optimal distribution proportion of various water sources ; ( 6 ) some existing exploitation problems and advices about water resource in the area
本論文針對淮北地區水資源開發利用現狀及存在問題，以安徽亳州渦河以北地區、阜陽姜堂鄉和重點城市區為研究對象，運用系統工程觀點，採用數學模型方法，對該區水資源問題進行了綜合研究，主要內容為： （ 1 ）地下水資源及開發利用現狀； （ 2 ）地下水計算參數測定和計算方法； （ 3 ）灌區經濟參數； （ 4 ）採用有限單元法、面狀井系法、水均衡法，建立亳州渦河以北地下水位預測模型； （ 5 ）建立阜陽姜堂及茨淮新河北部的農灌區水資源優化配置模型，應用系統分析的方法，研究地表水與地下水聯合運用，農業最優種植模式及各種水源的最佳分配比例； （ 6 ）淮北地區水資源開發利用存在問題及建議。 -
Despite severe crime - committings in china, some new trends in crimc - committings have risen to the surface. and not only have existing crimes been on the decline because of the combat against them, but also those ever - existed crimes start to revive, especially those prevalent and serious crimes that have come to he a social focus
當前中國的刑事犯罪形勢依然嚴峻，不但現有的犯罪邊打邊起，而且一些舊有的犯罪又死灰復燃，同時還出現了一些新的犯罪動向，尤其是那些突出的刑事犯罪已成為當前我國的一大社會熱點問題。 -
The main works are shown as followings : in order to get best economic benefits and quickest time response, the advantages and shortages of existing methods for machining twin - screws are analyzed. in view of the production of co - rotating twin - screw is various and mostly in small batch, a new approach for forming cylinder helical surface with milling cutter is put forward. it presents the theoretical foundation for machining of twin - screw
論文主要工作有如下幾點：針對同向雙螺桿產品零件的多品種、小批量的生產特點，為了取得最佳經濟效益和快速地時間響應，在查閱了雙螺桿加工有關的國內外文獻資料，研究分析了雙螺桿各種現有的加工方法的優缺點，提出了一種新的加工方法? ?用圓柱立銑刀成形加工雙螺桿螺旋面。 -
Electro - optical curves for lc cells have been analyzed and it has been shown mat a large attenuation range and a shallow attenuation slope can be achieved simultaneously for a variable optical attenuator based on a parallel - aligned lc cell with an appropriate surface anchoring strength. as compared with the existing liquid crystal - based voa structure ( using two cascaded lc cells with a particular material ), the present structure is simple and has no special requirement for the lc materials
提出了基於弱錨定平行排列液晶盒的可變光衰減器（衰減范圍大、衰減曲線下降平緩以保證調節精度） ，與己有液晶型可變光衰減器結構（選用特定液晶材料、兩個液晶盒級聯結構）相比較，本論文提出的基於弱錨定平行排列液晶盒的可變光衰減器結構簡單，同時對于液晶材料無特殊要求。 -
The pavement panel, under load and with already existing initial cracking & inherent damaged conditions as well as its cracks & damage, further accumulates and expanses, which lays a foundation for the fissures & breakage ; the surface layer - as the uneven pavement brings about interaction between spring plates which results in impact on the vehicle load, is the main reason speeding up the fissures in the pavement panel
在荷載作用下，使得已經存在初始裂紋和固有損傷條件的路面板，其裂縫和損傷進一步累積和拓展，為路面的斷裂破壞奠定了基礎；表面層? ?由於路面表面的不平整而引起的車板相互作用帶來車輛運動荷載的沖擊，是加速路面板斷裂的主要原因。 -
2. it is necessary to optimize the data to get a smoother surface because the data acquired by cmm is clutter and the blunder existing in automotive model shoud be removed
由於汽車油泥模型中製作誤差的存在以及接觸式三坐標測量儀的測量數據的雜亂性，因此需要通過優化措施來對其進行優化。 -
But to circular plate with large surface area, the vibrate modes generated is often so high that there is reverse phases existing, which result in a decrease in radiation impedance, electric - acoustic efficiency and the electric power, as well as poor directivity
然而對于輻射面積較大的彎曲振動圓盤，一般激勵的振動階數比較高，因此存在彎曲振動的反相區，導致換能器的輻射阻抗下降，電聲效率和聲功率降低以及指向性變差等問題。 -
This paper generally introduced the present situation and domestic and abroad developing trends of surface treatment of stainless steel at present, analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of existing surface treatment technologies of stainless steel, pointed out that colored stainless steel have good prospect, concluded that laser surface treatment technology and ion implantation technology becomes developing direction of modern surface treatment of stainless steel
不銹鋼表面處理的現狀及目前國內外的發展動態，分析了現有不銹鋼表面處理技術的優點和缺點.指出著色不銹鋼有廣闊的發展前景，提出了激光表面處理技術、離子注入技術將成為現代不銹鋼表面處理的發展方向
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