paper top layer 中文意思是什麼
paper top layer
解釋
紙面層-
Based on the observation and statistics on the calcareous sandstone in the ore host layer in shihongtan uranium deposit, this paper finds that the calcareous sandstone occurs on and off near the top or wash surface of the sandbody as beads - strings lens along the layer and concentres in the area where the orebodies are rich
摘要通過對十紅灘鈾礦床容礦層鈣質砂巖的觀察和統計，發現鈣質砂巖呈順層、斷續的串珠狀透鏡體分佈，產出空間位置為砂體的頂底部或沖刷面，而且較集中的分佈在礦體發育區。 -
High - speed, muti - services and economy have become the major issues of the future ip backbone technology as far as thes poiflt is concerned, thes paper explores layer 3 switdrig technology which separates control component and forward compontal in the traditional roulers. two forwarding al gori thms - - - - d ata - driven mo d el and top olo gy driven model are also compared, a next generation ip backbone echno l o gy - - - - multiproto co l label switching is developed, with its operation and its deployinent in traffic engineering, c1ass - ofservce and virtual private network
本文從未來ip骨幹網技術所要求的高速化、多業務支持、經濟性出發，介紹了在傳統路由器基礎上將控制部件和轉發部件分離的第三層交換技術，比較了數據驅動模型和控制驅動（拓撲驅動）模型兩種轉發演算法，並由此引出下一代ip骨幹網路技術? ?多協議標記交換，闡述了其工作原理以及在流量工程、服務等級區分和虛擬專用網中的應用。 -
In this paper, a high performance sma system applied to steel bridge deck is put forth in allusion to the pavement project of the wuhan junshan yangtze river highway bridge. it comprises steel slab, zn coating layer, closing layer, adhesive, pre - mixed asphalt stone and dual layer sma from bottom to top. it is based on the fea results of the forces and deformation of the pavement layer by means of the algor feas, according to this bridge ' s traffic and the ambient temperature varying range of the pavement layer
本文針對武漢軍山長江公路大橋鋼箱梁橋面鋪裝工程，從鋪裝層環境溫度變化范圍、交通量等使用條件出發，在用algorfeas有限元分析軟體分析鋪裝層受力變形基礎上，提出了（即鋼板+金屬鋅塗層+封閉層+粘接劑+預拌瀝青碎石+雙層sma ）的高性能鋼橋面sma鋪裝體系，並對這種sma的組成材料，包括改性瀝青、集料、礦粉、纖維進行了比較研究，設計了這種sma的配合比，對sma混合料的性能進行了對比試驗，對這種sma方案進行了疲勞性能研究，驗證了所選擇sma方案的可行性。 -
Abstract : in this paper, the efficient stress method is used as main means, while the railway engineering anti - earthquake design specification and the dynamic triaxial test are used as additional means. the authors analyze the ground layer liquefaction of shield tunnelling built on powder soil or fine sand, whose top plate is buried under two kinds of depth, and conclude that the liquefaction area is different with different buried depth. finally, the rational buried depth is proposed
文摘:以有效應力原理的有限元計算分析為主、鐵路工程抗震設計規范及室內動三軸實驗為輔，對修建在粉土或粉細砂層中的盾構隧道進行了兩種不同埋深情況下的液化分析，得出了埋深不同液化區出現區域不同的結論，並提出隧道抗液化的合理埋深。 -
Fabrication of the box beam is divided into such parts as reinforcement, formwork, concreting, prestressing, moving and storing of beam, pipe grouting under pressure, end sealing of the beam, water - proof layer on the bridge surface system, protective coating etc. the paper makes description of effective box beam construction technology and workmanship which can be adopted in other projects, such technologies as : manufacturing and fixing of reinforcement, steel reinforcement fixing baseplate, web plate and top plate respectively and lifting the steel skeleton into form, requirements of design and manufacturing and way of utilization for dismantling - erection type formwork and hydraulic formwork, optimization of concrete ratio, concrete pouring process of two ends of beam in priority over the middle, in sequence of first baseplate followed by web plate and top plate at last, concrete pouring in inclined section and in horizontal layer, concrete vibration mainly by external vibrator in assistance with internal vibrator, methods and regulation for steam curing of concrete, dual controls over stress and strain to ensure quality of prestressing workmanship, construction method of effective beam moving by heavy - weight special moving facility, some regulations and key notes about construction of grouting under pressure, beam ends sealing, water - proof layer on the bridge surface system, protective coating
箱梁製造由鋼筋工程、模板工程、混凝土工程、預應力工程、移存梁工程、孔道壓漿工程、梁體封端工程、橋面防水層和保護層工程等施工環節組成。文中介紹的採用胎具製作和綁扎鋼筋，分底腹板和頂板分別綁扎並吊裝鋼筋骨架入模；拆裝式和液壓式兩種模板的設計、製作要求和使用方法；綜合考慮、優化混凝土配合比，混凝土灌注從兩端至中間、先底板、后腹板、再頂板的施工順序和斜向分段、腹板水平分層、附著式振搗為主、插入式搗固為輔的施工工藝，蒸汽養護的方法和規定；應力應變雙控制確保預應力施工質量的施工技術；採用重物移運器有效移梁的施工方法；壓漿、封端、橋面防水層和保護層施工的一些規定和注意事項等都是對箱梁製造行之有效的施工技術和施工方法，並可為以後類似施工作借鑒。 -
Thaw settlement cause negative friction. this paper base on the thought of " initiative cooling ", aim at three problems existing in common concrete pile used in frozen soil, a new type of pile is proposed to overcome the disadvantages of the classical pile used in frozen soil. pile body within active layer is fluted and refilled with porous materials such as gravels and ballasts, convection will be occur and then thermal exchange inside porous material in winter while only heat conduction exists in summer, as a result the soil around flutings will be cooled, so the top line of permafrost will be drive up
本文基於「主動冷卻」地基的思想，以及針對凍土地區普通混凝土樁存在的三大問題，提出了一種新型樁的設計思路，運用數值模擬試驗手段對其冷卻機理與加固機理進行了系統研究，即在凍融活動層的深度范圍內，在混凝土樁身的表面刻槽，修築完時槽內填充碎石、塊石等多孔介質，通過外界大氣溫度的自然波動下多孔介質在冬季時存在的對流換熱機制，而在夏季只存在熱傳導，來達到主動冷卻樁周凍土和抬升凍土上限的目的。 -
The serice possesses all function and peculiarity of the other simple foot stamping sealing machine, it is can be used to adhere polythere, polypropylene and multi - layer compound plastics, up and down adjustable stuff capping rack, can be used to seal paper bag when heated from top & bottom, earning high efficiency and is irreplaceable by other sealing machine
本系列具有簡易腳踏封口機的各種功能的特點，可以粘接聚乙烯，聚丙烯和多層復合塑料，上下可調式重物封口托架，上下加熱可封紙袋，功效特高具有一般封口機不可替代的功能。 -
4. the non - linear interaction mechanism derived from the scale of system was discussed. the paper deemed that, falling sliding face is not a rectilinear type, the non - linear coupling of falling factors sharply enhanced in large sand - pile ; the stabilization of surface layer sands are different in the time and space, especially the stating probability is higher than halting, and probability of fault in slope foot is higher than top as well ; the faulting forms will be affected by bounder situation strongly
大尺度散粒體坡面的崩塌滑動面，一般並非直線形，在崩塌過程中的耦合作用將增大落沙規模；理想化的沿直線坡面滑動情況，坡面表層砂粒的穩定性也並不是在時間、空間上都均衡的，可以造成起動容易止動難，或坡角失穩概率大從而牽連整個坡面的情況；長大高陡坡面的失穩形式，可以受坡腳（邊界）的巨大影響。
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