particle defect 中文意思是什麼
particle defect
解釋
顆粒缺陷為當今影響4-
Specifically, to a test particle, its mass defect is am = m _ ( 0 ) - m, where mo and m are the mass of the particle when it is in the infinity and in the grav - itational field, respectively. to a spherical shell ( or a solid sphere ), its mass defect is am = m _ ( 0 ) - m, where mo is the total mass of the matter scattering in the infinity and m is the mass of the gravitational spherical shell ( or the gravitational sphere ) combined by the matter scattering in the infinity
具體來說，對于試驗粒子，當它由無窮遠處運動到引力場中某點時，其質量由m _ 0變為m ，發生的質量虧損為m = m _ 0 - m ；對于球殼或固體球，當組成球殼或固體球的這些物質分散在無窮遠處時，總質量為m _ 0 ，當這些分散在無窮遠處的物質結合成球殼或固體球時，其質量變為m ，發生的質量虧損為m = m _ 0 - m 。 -
Backed up by the soplat theory based on particle kinematics, the second chapter of this paper presents with analysis and simulation of several single observer passive measurement models, which uses such relative movement parameters as bearings changing rates and centrifugal acceleration information on the basis of bearings measurements. in the third chapter, the observability of location respectively using bearings and its changing rates information and centrifugal acceleration information is analyzed, and its observable condition is got. the fourth chapter puts forward the modified covariance extended kalman filtering ( mvekf ) against the defect of traditional extended kalman filtering ( ekf ), whose performance is simultaneously compared in the chapter with the performance of ususal tracking algorithm such as ekf, mgekf, iekf by computer simulation
在近年來提出的基於質點運動學原理的單站無源定位理論基礎上，本文第二章提出了幾種在角度測量的基礎上增加角度變化率及相對運動的離心加速度等運動學參數的單站無源測量模型，並對它們進行了分析和模擬；第三章分別對利用角度及其變化率信息定位和利用離心加速度信息定位的可觀測性進行分析並得到了相應的可觀測條件；第四章針對傳統擴展卡爾曼（ ekf ）方法的缺點，提出了一種修正協方差的擴展卡爾曼濾波（ mvefk ）方法，並將其和ekf 、 mgekf 、 iekf等常用的單站無源定位濾波方法進行了性能模擬比較；第五章通過引入雷達機動目標跟蹤方法和模型，提出了利用角度及其變化率對機動輻射源跟蹤的多級噪聲自適應方法和imm方法；第六章主要對角度變化率和離心加速度參數的獲取技術進行了研究，提出了幾種高精度測量脈沖序列多普勒頻率變化率的方法。 -
Main research contents and achievements of this thesis is as follows : l. this paper carries through particular test and analysis to the basic physical - chemical properties of gaojiawang palygorskite, an environmental mineral fibre, by xay, ir, tem, sem etc. this paper has also discoursed upon the development appliance research status in quo and directions of palygorskite. 2. according to the preceding surface modification research achievements to nonmetal mineral materials, the author combines the self characteristics of palygorskite such as the ratio of length and diameter, typical nano - rank particle diameter, big ratio surface area, well - developed crystal growth imperfection and lattice defect etc. the author also designs organising modification ortho - experimentation of palygorskite by adopting iso - propyl alcohol as thinner of wd - 51 and ndz - 401, and acquires the best craft parameters and craft conditions for gaojiawang palygorskite original ore organising modification, namely : wd - 51 concentration 1. 6 % ( wt % ), modification temperature 120 ?, and modification time 60 mins ; ndz - 401 concentration 2. 0 % ( wt % ), c modification temperature 120, modification time 80 mins
在前人對非金屬礦物材料表面改性的基礎上，結合環境礦物纖維?坡縷石自身的特點（如：長徑比、典型的納米粒徑、大比表面積、發育的晶體生長缺陷和晶格缺陷等） ，通過對坡縷石有機化改性設計正交試驗，採用（ ch _ 3 ） _ 2choh作為稀釋劑，獲得了採用wd - 51和ndz - 401對高家窪坡縷石原礦進行有機化改性的最佳工藝參數和工藝條件，分別為： wd - 51的濃度為1 . 6 （ wt ） ，改性溫度為120 ，改性時間為60min ； ndz - 401的濃度為2 . 0 （ wt ） ，改性溫度為120 ，改性時間為80min 。 -
Abstract : it was deduced that the shapes of magnetic particle indicationsof point - type defects on workpiece surface depended on the resistance of carrier medium, and their dimensions depended on the volume of the defect equivalent cuboid, the magnetising characters of workpieces and magnetic particles, the strength of magnetic field, the lengths and sections of magnetic particles and the resistance character of carrier medium
文摘:推斷出工件表面點狀缺陷磁痕的形狀取決于磁粉載體的介質阻尼力，磁痕大小取決于缺陷等效長方槽的體積、工件和磁粉材料的磁化特性、磁場強度、磁粉長度和橫截面積以及載體介質的阻尼特性等。 -
The general situation and progress of magnetic dipole theoryresearch during recent twenty years in china were introduced briefly including magnetic dipole ; linear and strip magnetic dipoles of finite lengths ; magnetic force on a magnetic particle ; the effect of magnetizing field orientation on the revelation of defect by magnetic particles ; longitudinal magnetization of rod, tube and cuboid steel ; the relationship between the slot depth in a workpiece and magnetic leakage field ; the cause of stray magnetic pattern along base apex edges of a workpiece magnetized circumferentially ; the analytic expression for the magnetic leakage fields inside and outside the slot on the cylindrical surface of a disc ; and the effect of a needle - like magnetic medium on the magnetic force between two point magnetic charges
簡述20年來中國無損檢測中磁偶板子理論研究的概況和進展，主要介紹磁偶極子，有限長磁偶極線和極帶，磁粉顆粒的受力，磁化場方向對磁粉顯現缺陷的影響，棒料、管材和方鋼的縱向磁化，工件表面溝槽深度對其引起漏磁場的影響，周向磁化時工件底棱上的雜亂顯示成因，圓盤邊緣柱面上溝槽內外漏磁場的解析表達式和針狀磁介質對兩個點磁荷間磁力的影響等。 -
Abstract : the general situation and progress of magnetic dipole theoryresearch during recent twenty years in china were introduced briefly including magnetic dipole ; linear and strip magnetic dipoles of finite lengths ; magnetic force on a magnetic particle ; the effect of magnetizing field orientation on the revelation of defect by magnetic particles ; longitudinal magnetization of rod, tube and cuboid steel ; the relationship between the slot depth in a workpiece and magnetic leakage field ; the cause of stray magnetic pattern along base apex edges of a workpiece magnetized circumferentially ; the analytic expression for the magnetic leakage fields inside and outside the slot on the cylindrical surface of a disc ; and the effect of a needle - like magnetic medium on the magnetic force between two point magnetic charges
文摘:簡述20年來中國無損檢測中磁偶板子理論研究的概況和進展，主要介紹磁偶極子，有限長磁偶極線和極帶，磁粉顆粒的受力，磁化場方向對磁粉顯現缺陷的影響，棒料、管材和方鋼的縱向磁化，工件表面溝槽深度對其引起漏磁場的影響，周向磁化時工件底棱上的雜亂顯示成因，圓盤邊緣柱面上溝槽內外漏磁場的解析表達式和針狀磁介質對兩個點磁荷間磁力的影響等。 -
The silver layer ' s surface should be smooth and continuous without harmful defect such as silver particle, burr, machanical damage, etc
鍍銀銅線銀層表面應光滑連續不得有銀粒，毛刺、機械損傷等有害缺陷。 -
Among them, mass - defect effect ? when particle moves to the gravitational area from the infinity and com - bines into gravitational mass, part of its mass will be radiated out in the form of heat energy or other forms of energy - is an important gravitational effect
其中的質量虧損效應? ?粒子從無引力場的區域運動到引力場內並結合成引力質量時，質量的一部分要被輻射出去? ?就是一種重要的引力效應。
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