tort obligation 中文意思是什麼

tort obligation 解釋
侵權行為之債
  • tort : n. 【法律】侵權行為。
  • obligation : n. 1. 義務；職責，責任；負擔。2. 契約，合約；證券；債務。3. 恩惠，恩義。4. 債務，欠下的人情。
  1. It is the trend of the times that the compensation for moral damage is included in the state compensation. so it is the pressing matter of the moment to optimize the state compensation law by normalizing and perfecting the moral damage compensation obligation for state tort, and making it consistent with the moral damage liability for civil tort. the responsibility of organs that have adopted illegal documents of administrative norms should be specific legal responsibility by nature

    追償作為一項法律制度，首先體現的是法律責任的承擔，違法者要對自己的違法行為承擔法律責任，但是這一制度的最終結果是要由被追償人承擔經濟上的負擔，即由被飛追償人償付金錢以彌利、國家財政因支出賠償費用而帶來的損失，同時也是對國家公務員依法行政進行有效監督的方式，對公務人員今後的疏忽和懈怠行為將起到教育和預防作用。
  2. This part analyzes the theory soil and evolution process of the system of the third persons infracting rights of obligee, indicating that the cause and evolution of this system results from the necessary demand of development of many theories from seven aspects, such as emergence of efficiency breach theory, whether the rights of obligee could be the object of tort as well as the integration and obliquity between tort obligation and breach obligation

    本部分對第三人侵害債權制度產生的理論土壤和其演進過程做了重點分析，從7個方面說明了此制度的產生及演進是許多理論的發展所必然要求的。比如效率違約論的出現、債權能否成為侵權對象的爭論以及侵權責任與違約責任的融合與交叉等等。
  3. It can make the restricted - right burden tolerance " obligation " the counterparty become priority, and be excuse of tort

    權利限制使被限制權利方受有容忍拘束，相對方居於優先地位，並可成為侵權責任免責根據。
  4. Meanwhile, the modern corporation law goes a step further, it puts forward that directors should also have a obligation of care stipulated in the general law of tort for corporation creditors. directors, together with the corporation, should bear the legal liability of tort if they fail to fulfill the obligation of care, thus cause damages to creditors " interests

    同時，現代公司法還進一步提出，董事對公司債權人還負有一般侵權法上的注意義務，董事在職務行為中違反注意義務，損害債權人利益的，也應同公司一起對債權人承擔侵權法律責任。
  5. The general thinking to complete the s > stem of judicial identification responsibility of our country is to change from the unilateral emphasis on the right of identification to the emphasis on both the obligation principle of the right of identification and interested person in aspect of legal obligation of identifier, from responsibility of unity to responsibility to natural person in aspect of responsible body, from criminal and administrative responsibility as major to civil responsibility as major in aspect of the content of responsibility, from contractual responsibility and tort responsibility as major to the combination of claim and tort of responsibility as major in aspect of the nature of responsibility, and finally in aspect of the realization of compensation to establish the system of practicing insurance or supplementing each other

    完善我國司法鑒定責任制度的總體思路是:在鑒定人的法定義務上，應由單方面注重鑒定權主義的義務觀向鑒定權主義義務觀與當事人主義義務觀並重轉變;在責任主體上，應由機構責任向自然人責任轉變;在責任內容上，應由刑事責任、行政責任為主向以民事責任為主轉變;在責任性質上，應由以契約責任、侵權責任為主向以侵權責任、請求權競合為主轉變;在賠償實現上，建立鑒定人執業保險或執業互濟制度。
  6. In no event will 2000fun be liable for any damages caused by subscriber s failure to perform subscriber s obligation or for any loss of use, loss of time, inconvenience, commercial loss, loss of profits or savings, costs or expenses or other incidental or consequential damages howsoever arising, whether in contract, or in tort and whether resulting from interference with transmission for any cause whatsoever, over - loading, negligence or strict liability in tort or by reason of any act, omission or default of 2000fun, it s employee, agent consultant or contractor

    2嚴禁所有用戶利用2000fun的網路設備從事不法活動，包括派發傳送和刊登商業機密淫褻侵權物品，或其它法律上被評定為恐嚇性和淫褻不雅的物品，若違法，們將會立即終止服務協議，並不作另行通知，若因此對2000fun造成任何損失，客戶需負全部責任並賠償損失。 3嚴禁用戶利用2000fun的網路設備發放大量的宣傳電郵。
  7. And this type of liability should character in the course of entering a contract, one party breaching the obligation with subjective fault, making the other party losses and the function of compensation. on the issues of liability basis, by criticizing tort doctrine, legal behavior doctrine, and regulatory doctrine, points out that the theoretical basis of the liability id good faith. the material foundation is subject to the liability basis, and the liability not only in the circumstances of contract coming into existence, be announced invalid and be cancelled, but possibly exists on occasion that contract is valid

    首先，文章指出締約過失責任的概念應包涵產生時間、主觀狀態、先合同義務的違反及損害的產生四個關鍵因素，具有產生於締約過程中、一方因主觀過錯違反先合同義務、給對方造成損害以及彌補功能等特徵；在責任基礎的問題上，通過對侵權行為說、法律行為說、法律規定說等反對觀點的批駁，指出締約過失責任的理論基礎是誠實信用原則，其賴以產生的事實基礎除了致合同不成立之締約過失、合同被確認無效或被撤銷之締約過失外，提出了合同有效情況下締約過失存在的可能性。
  8. The author thinks that though civil liabilities of information disclosure is a kind of contract liability when the contract exists, it is better to be treated as a kind of tort liabilities for the follow reasons : firstly, the foundation for civil liabilities of information disclosure is the breach of legal obligations, not contract obligation ; secondly, tort liabilities is more conducive to the protection of investors " interests ; thirdly, contract liability is not helpful in establishing a uniform civil liabilities system of information disclosure, because there are no contract exit in securities trading under most of circumstances, in this situation people can only get the protection by tort liabilities ; last, tort liabilities is a great help in adhering to the principle of good faith

    第二章信息披露的法律性質。關于信息披露民事責任的法律性質，雖然在某些情況下契約責任成立，但筆者認為信息披露民事責任的性質，還是采侵權責任說為妥當。因為：第一，信息披露民事責任的產生是基於法定義務的違反，而非契約義務的違反；第二，侵權責任較契約責任擴大了承擔責任的主體范圍，更有利於保護投資者；第三，合同法理論救濟，潛在地破壞了信息披露民事責任體系的一體化。
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