品格決定論 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [pǐngéjuédìnglún]
品格決定論 英文
trait theories
  • 品 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物品） article; product 2 （等級; 品級） grade; class; rank 3 （品質） character; qualit...
  • 格 : 格象聲詞rattle; gurgle
  • 決 : Ⅰ動詞1 （作出主張; 決定） decide; determine 2 （執行死刑; 殺死） execute a person 3 （裂開; 斷開...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 論 : 論名詞（記錄孔子及其門徒的言行的「論語」） the analects of confucius
  • 品格 : 1 （品性; 品行） character of person; one s character and morals 2 （文學、藝術作品的質量和風格）...
  1. The text study water supply pricing at theoretic and practice include below contents : the theoretic of water supply pricing : 1 ) the meanings and pricing of public utility : the public utility ' s habitude determines the monopolization position, but the pricing still suffer the government ' s strict control

    本文就供水價格的制定，從理論與實證兩個方面進行了研究，主要包括以下內容：供水價格理論： 1 ）公用事業的含義及定價理論：公用事業的特性決定了其自然壟斷地位，但其產品定價仍要受到政府的嚴格管制。
  2. Gardner defines intelligence as an ability to solve problems or create products that are valued in at least one or more culture settings. his view of intelligence suggests that all people possess at least eight different intelligences which operate in varying degrees. these intelligences as identified by gardner include linguistic intelligence, logical / mathematical intelligence, spatial intelligence, musical intelligence, bodily / kinesthetic intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence and naturalist intelligence

    加德納將智力定義為在特定的文化背景下或社會中，解決問題或製造有效產品的能力，他根據「智力選擇依據系統」 ，經過嚴格論證篩選，提出人類智力至少應包括：語言智能、數學邏輯智能、空間智能、身體運動智能、音樂智能、人際關系智能、自我認識智能和自然觀察智能等8種智能。
  3. And i researched the following contents : the meaning, character and managing strategy of the real estate management and strategy during the whole course, land strategy, strategy of collecting funds, communication strategy, popular brand strategy, culture strategy, prize strategy, advertisement strategy and analysis the case about the managing and popularizing the project called the lijiang left shore

    本文運用運籌學、管理學、企業戰略管理、管理經濟學和市場學等學科相關理論研究了以下內容：房地產全程營銷的定義、特點和營銷戰略決策，土地戰略、融資戰略、公關戰略、品牌戰略、文化戰略、價格戰略、廣告戰略和麗江左岸項目的營銷推廣的案例分析。
  4. The author considers as follows : ( 1 ) we should understand how to define the price of architecture products the cost of engineering and the price of engineering, we should compare the connotations of plan price, float price and market price, we should clarify how engineering cost and architecture installation engineering cost are formed and what is the difference between balance price and final accounts price ; ( 2 ) through analyzing and comparing the account bases and composing contents of enterprise individual production cost and social average production cost, analyzing from the design mechanism ' s function of auction and bid and the purpose of actualizing auction and bid, we can confirm that the foundation that the titles are weeded when judged is enterprise individual production cost, not social average production cost ; ( 3 ) the author considers there is diverge between shop drawing budget based on ration and auction and bid, carrying out bill quantity of construction works can advance the formation of cons truction - product market price, also is the outset and integrant route to close international, but though code of valuation with bill quantity of construction works has a lot of advantage to advance the form of architecture market price, we also see it has lack and it should be amended

    針對以上問題，筆者認為：應該了解建築產品價格與工程造價、工程價格是如何界定的、比較建築產品的計劃價格、浮動價格與市場價格的含義，搞清楚工程造價的構成和建築安裝工程費用的構成以及竣工結算價格與決算價格的區別；通過分析、比較建築產品的「社會平均生產成本」和「企業個別生產成本」的計算依據和構成內容，從招標投標的設計機制的功能和實施招投標的目的來分析，確認在評標中剔除低於成本價標書的依據是投標企業的個別生產成本，而不是社會平均生產成本；筆者認為以定額為計價依據的施工圖預算方法與招標投標之間存在悖論，工程量清單計價的推行是對建築產品市場價格形成改革的推進，也是建築產品價格形成方式與國際接軌的開端與必經之路，但是也必須認識到雖然《建設工程工程量清單計價規范》具有推進建築市場價格形成的諸多優勢，但仍存在不足與需要完善的地方。
  5. ( 3 ) it proved that the factors such as technology, market, management, fund and policy environment make different impaction on the result of the valuation of the investment opportunity of hi - tech enterprise during different developmental phases. ( 4 ) the competition intensity, the time lag of investment and the riskless rate make great negative impaction on the option value of hi - tech enterprise. ( 5 ) the conclusion of analysis achieved from which the varieties of the market supply and the market demand make impaction on the result of the valuation accord with the conclusion of analysis achieved from which the varieties impact to price on economics

    本文的主要研究成果如下： （ 1 ）投資機會價值在高新技術企業價值評估中佔有重要的地位； （ 2 ）在提出的投資機會價值評估模型的基礎上，結合實際，深入探討隨機跳躍頻率下的評估結論對投資決策的影響； （ 3 ）從定性和定量兩個角度系統地說明了技術、市場、管理、資金及政策對評估結論的影響程度是隨著企業發展階段的不同而不同； （ 4 ）證明了外部競爭強度、投資的時滯和無風險利率對企業的期權價值評估產生極大的負影響，即外部競爭強度越強、投資的時滯越長和無風險利率越大，企業的期權價值就越低，反之就越高； （ 5 ）市場需求和供給的分析結果與從經濟學上的供需對產品價格的影響結論是一致的。
  6. Using the von thunen model the author analyzes the mechanism for the rise in urban commercial house price and draw the following conclusions : when the urban commercial house price difference between central area and peripheral area is equal to or more than the cost to reside in peripheral area, rational buyers tend to buy commercial houses in peripheral area ; with the reduction of the cost to reside in peripheral area, the urban commercial house price level in central area tends to be close to that in peripheral area ; given that the cost to reside in peripheral area is fixed, the urban commercial house price level in peripheral area is restricted by the price level in central area

    摘要借鑒馮?杜能模型分析城市商品房價格上漲機理，可得出以下結論：當購買城市周邊區商品房相比購買中心區商品房少支付的房價大於等於居住周邊區所需多支付的居住成本時，理性購買者會作出購買周邊區商品房的決策；隨著周邊區相比居住周邊區居住成本的降低，周邊商品房價格水平會趨近於中心區商品房價格水平；當周邊區居住成本相對穩定時，周邊區商品房價格水平受制於中心區商品房價格水平。
  7. From the second to the fifth chapter such problems concerning state - owned property right are illustrated respectively as its definition, valuation and price fixing and capital sources of undertaking party and the disposal and use of transfer income. problems are raised with regard to the process of current property right system diversity in state - owned enterprises, such as the disagreement to the definition of state - owned property right, no standard of evaluation, imperfection of price fixing system and relative confusion of transfer income disposal and use. what ' s more, new solutions are offered : the probe into state - owned property right definition " changsha model " is confirmed positively ; two specific ways of quantification - - " the method of average growth rate of state - owned property right " and " the method of average cost of labor in market " ; the concept " present value of earnings " is applied to the property evaluation of receivable accounts, finished goods, invisible assets and so on ; the unjust in price fixing of state - owned property right can be avoided by improving property valuation methods, perfecting capital market especially property right trading market and bettering information publishing system ; as to the guarantee problem of human resources financial contribution, an original key is offered

    第一章運用產權理論對國企產權多元化改革進行經濟學分析；第二章至第五章主要圍繞國有產權的界定問題、評估問題、定價問題、承接方的資金來源問題、轉讓收入的處置運用問題分別進行闡述，指出了當前國企產權多元化過程中存在著國有產權界定不統一、評估不規范、定價機制不完善、處置運用相對混亂等諸多問題，並提出新的解決思路：肯定國有產權界定「長沙模式」的積極探索意義，提出量化職工創造剩餘價值的「國有資產平均增長率法」和「平均市場勞動成本法」 ；將「收益現值」概念運用到對應收賬款、產成品、無形資產等資產評估之中；應從完善資產評估方法、完善資本市場特別是產權交易市場和健全信息公開機制三個方面來解決國有產權定價不公問題；就人力資本出資的擔保問題提出實際債務承擔額（比例）應小於名義出資額（比例）的新思路，並認為人力資本市場上的交易價格應包括絕對出資額和相對出資額兩部分。
  8. With the trend of openness and integration of globlal economy, exchange rate is playing more and more important role in influencing the allocation of global resources. the sensitivity of the price of tradale goods to exchange rate fluctuation becomes the focus of international economics because it is a critical vector and transmitter when an economy is confronted of exogenous impact. traditional international economics theory assume that nominal exchange rate fluctuation has complete pass - through effect, namely it ’ s change will introduce proportional change of tradable goods, then it will influence such macroeconomic vector as term of trade, import and export, inflation, employment, productivity, income allocation, and so on. from a microeconomic angle, including pricing to market, innovative behavior, menu cost and sunk cost, the paper probe into the pricing model of international enterprices under floating exchange rate and testify the incomplete pass - through of exchange rate and it ’ s detailed reason, then discuss the inspiration it has on china. it ’ s believable this kind of research will play a big part in china ’ s exchange rate scheme and some macroeconomic problems such as exchange rate tranmitting channel and effects, exchange rate fluctuating behavior

    傳統的國際經濟學理論認為，名義匯率的波動具有完全的傳遞性（ completepass - through ） ，即它的變化會引起同比例的進出口貿易品相對價格以及貿易品和非貿易品相對價格的變化，然後通過需求變動的支出轉移效應（ expenditureswitching ）來影響國內經濟的諸多宏觀變量，如貿易條件、進出口貿易額、通脹水平、就業量、勞動生產率以及收入分配等，本文從依市定價（ pricingtomarket ） 、創新行為、菜單成本以及沉澱成本等四個不同的微觀角度，通過對浮動匯率下國際壟斷競爭性生產廠商的定價模型具體而透徹的探討，論證了匯率的不完全傳遞性並深入分析了決定匯率傳遞彈性的重要影響因素，闡述了該理論對人民幣匯率的啟示，這樣的研究會對我國今後的匯率政策以及匯率的傳導機制、傳導效應、波動行為等宏觀經濟問題起到重要的作用。
  9. With over ten years experience, the author compares the administrative system implemented by american government in transfusion institution with that of practiced by shaanxi province government. and employing four theories, theory of entry regulation, theory of price regulation, theory of asymmetry of information and regulatory capture theory. the author analyses the apparent distinctions between these two systems in the aspects of market entry, investment, pricing methods and information regulation

    作者根據十幾年參與陜西省血液供應管理工作的體會和總結，以美國政府對各地區采供血行業的管制方法作為參比物，對比陜西省對采供血機構管理體制的差異，尋找在現有制度下解決陜西省血液供應管理模式的問題，運用政府管制經濟學進入管制、價格管制、信息不對稱和政府俘虜等四項理論，分析得出陜西省對血液供應機構管制存在血液市場進入、機構出資主體、產品定價模型以及信息管制上的明顯差異。
  10. The future directions in making more influences on cites affairs, doing well the implementation of cites and gradually change the world " s attitude to china include : to fully involve in cites affairs, to actively draft and submit the proposal of resolutions, decisions and amendment to the appendices, to seriously study and deal with the notifications and proposals issued or submitted by cites secretariat, relevant committees or other parties, to fully ' implement the provisions of cites text, resolutions and decisions, to try to perfect the domestic laws realted to implementation of cites, to forcefully strengthen the wildlife management and the coordination of governmental agencies, to strictly limit the use of wildlife, to further crack down the illegal activities related to damaging of wildlife, to do well the work of study and monitor of wild and captive population and the use of and trade in wildlife, to publicize the provisions of cites and related chinese laws, and to enhance the cooperation between china and other countries and international organizations

    中國要在cites事務中發揮更大的影響，切實做好履約工作，逐步扭轉在履約事務中的被動局面，建議採取以下主要措施：全面參與cites事務，主動擬定和提交決議、決定草案和附錄修正案等議題，認真研究處理秘書處、締約國大會有關委員會和其他締約國提交討論的提案和附錄修正案，全面執行cites文本和相關決議、決定的規定，設法完善國內相關法律法規，大力加強國內管理工作和部門間協調工作，嚴格限制對野生動植物及其產品的經營利用，進一步加大打擊破壞野生動植物資源違法犯罪行為的力度，切實做好野生動植物資源的調查、監測以及野生動植物人工繁殖、人工培植、經營利用和進出口情況調查，下大力氣抓好宣傳教育工作，進一步加強與其他國家的交流與合作。
  11. This paper makes use of the relevant theories of microeconomics, game theory and dynamic program to examine the dynamic pricing problem of a foreign firm that faces such an ad and administrative reviews policy on the condition that the foreign firm and the domestic firm are being at complete information and simultaneous determination, meanwhile analyzes factors affecting the foreign firm ' s product price in the export market ; and solve the theory problem of the dynamic pricing of export goods for our export firms, meanwhile conclude that our export firms and government should make it necessary to establish various guilds to unify and coordinate export price, export quantity and export areas

    摘要運用微觀經濟學、博弈論及動態規劃等有關理論，探討了在國內外企業處于完全信息（即確定性）且同時決策的假設條件下，面對國內政府的反傾銷及行政復議，國外企業為實現其在國內市場上所獲取的利潤貼現值的總和達到最大化的動態定價問題，同時對影響出口產品的定價因素進行了簡要的分析；解決了我國出口企業出口產品的動態優化定價的理論問題，得出了我國出口企業、政府應從長遠的利益出發，建立各行業協會，避免各自為政、低價傾銷的被動局面，統一和協調各行業的出口價格、出口數量及出口地區等重要結論。
  12. From the viewpoint of system, such the basic theories of the modeling method as system dynamics, learning organization and system thinking are studied on the basis of the analysis of the status quo of management decision - making, as well as relevant model building blocks, modeling methods and modeling steps. taking advantage of modeling platform stella / ithink, some enterprise management decision - making modeling infrastructures are built based on anhui jianghuai automotive co., ltd., which include inventory controlling, manufacturing, pricing, shop controlling and etc. finally, based on the qualitative analysis of the strategy of mark down sale in auto industry the model of the pricing strategy in auto industry is developed, which is based on anhui jianghuai automotive co., ltd. the effects of the strategy of mark down sale are simulated and analyzed quantitatively

    論文在分析國內管理決策現狀的基礎上，從系統的概念出發，研究了系統動力學、學習型組織理論、系統思考等基本理論以及系統動力學方法的建模構件（ block ） 、建模原理、方法與步驟；藉助建模平臺stella ithink ，以安徽江淮汽車股份有限公司為原型，設計構建了庫存控制、製造、價格和車間控制等企業管理模型功能子模塊（ infrastructure ） ；在定性分析國內汽車行業降價銷售策略的基礎上，設計構建了以安徽江淮汽車股份有限公司為原型的國內汽車行業價格決策模型，該模型圍繞產品價格、交貨提前期、市場份額、利潤、生產能力等關鍵因素，對降價銷售策略帶來的市場運作、生產管理、銷售發貨及庫存控制等過程的變化情況進行了模擬模擬，並通過一定的數據結果定量地說明了降價銷售策略將給企業帶來的結果。
  13. The whole dissertation can be divided into the following parts : part one. make a definition of what critical thinking is, referring to the kinds of previous statements of it : critical thinking is a kind of rational thinking, " a kind of intelligence quality being able to strictly estimate material for thinking and exactly check thinking process " in thinking activities, a kind of all - range thinking model which, on the basis of independent thinking, decides to accept or question the material for thinking with reason and self - criticism from time to time

    論文共分三部分：第一部分：在借鑒了前人對批判性思維的種種陳述之後，對何謂批判性思維進行了界定：批判性思維是一種理性思維，是一種在思維活動中「善於嚴格地估計思維材料和精確地檢查思維過程的智力品質」 ，是一種能在獨立思考基礎上有根據地做出肯定接受或否定質疑的決定，並能時時進行自我反省的、全面的思維。
  14. Among these, the first part makes use of the second - hand information to carry out the research for the market demanding and the history prices of the end project products. the experience is relied on determine the price needed in the analysis of long - term investment decisions ; the second part analysizes the project investment decision by the way of using some long - term investment decision theories such as recovery period method, npu, net present index method and remuneration included methods, etc. meantime, it makes the risk analysis for the project and determines the risk elements and proposes some measures and guidance in risk management

    其中，第一部分對企業及項目情況進行了介紹，並使用二手資料的方式對項目產成品的市場需求及歷史價格進行了調研，根據經驗法確定了長期投資決策分析中所需的產品價格；第二部分對進行長期投資決策分析的理論進行了闡述，利用回收期法、凈現值法、凈現指數法和內含報酬率法等長期投資決策理論對項目的投資決策進行分析，並對項目進行了風險分析，確定了風險因素，提出了風險管理中為避免風險應當採取的一些措施和方法。
  15. Because to calculate the shadow prices of the agriculture production factors give the feasible methods to help government use economic lever to effectively dispose the agriculture production factors, so it is significant in theory and in practice. 2. approaches to use the interrelated index to compare the history trends, so we can recognize the situation about the scarce agriculture production factors, to use the principle logical to analyze the supply - demand mechanism of the main agriculture production factors in china, to use stochastic frontier production function and marginal productivity theory to calculate the shadow prices of the production factors, to use drc index to assess international competitive of the china main agriculture products

    本文的主要研究方法為：在分析中國主要生產要素的稀缺度變化時，進行同類指標的歷史變化比較研究，從而認識主要農業生產要素稀缺性變化的趨勢與規律；在分析中國主要生產要素的供需機制時，進行相關概念為基礎的理論邏輯分析，建立供需機制決定的理論模型；在測算農業生產要素的價格時，使用邊際生產力理論和隨機前沿生產函數方法；在評價中國主要農產品的國際競爭力時，使用國內資源成本系數方法。
  16. Great changes are happening in the environment that the jialing group is confronted. the chinese motorcycle line has developed for 20 years, now it is the greatest country of manufacture in the world, yet, the condition of " divided, confusion, bad, little " does not change. china has entered in wto, the government decided to check up to the motorcycle line, ccc ' s qualification makes the motorcycle line begin to take newly reconstruction of resources, changes will happen for the situation of motorcycle line ' s competing. at the same time, some of the company ' s main competitors are snatching market share with multi - brands, and sizes expands day by day. as the no. one brand of motorcycle line, jialing group possesses whole distributing net and supplying resource, thereby, it take on the strength qualification of taking multi - brands. in order to sufficiently utilize the opportunity in environment alternation, combine the company ' s strength, jialing group makes a decision of taking marketing strategy of multi - brands after careful market research and analysis, for striving to constr uct the strength position in the new competition situation

    為充分利用環境變化中的機會，並結合企業的優勢，以構建在新一輪格局中的優勢地位，嘉陵集團在經過仔細的市場研究和分析后決定實施多品牌營銷戰略。本篇論文以嘉陵集團為案例，結合多品牌戰略的相關理論，深入分析了嘉陵集團面臨的外部環境中存在的機會和對嘉陵集團的威脅，分析了嘉陵集團內部的優勢和劣勢，闡明了嘉陵集團應實施so戰略，即以自身優勢，利用環境中的機會，增強企業的競爭力。本篇論文分析了嘉陵集團公司實施多品牌戰略的內在動因，結合市場情況和嘉陵內部資源分析了實施多品牌戰略的可行性，並提出了多品牌戰略的實施策略，從而具有較強的實際操作性。
  17. In this paper, marketing mix decision model has been constructed by the application of artificial neutral network technique. on the basis of finding of two new method integrating both artificial neutral network and petri net techniques, regulate - control models have also been built. besides deeply analyzing each model, a pragmatical analysis has been practiced by introducing the products that is priced at about 10 yuan in xi ' an cigarette market as an example, the methods of enhance the market share of products also be given

    本文建立了市場營銷組合的人工神經網路模型，在尋找到兩種人工神經網路與petri網技術整合新方法的基礎上，構建了企業市場營銷組合決策的調控模型，除了對各個模型進行深入的分析外，還以西安市煙草市場銷售價格在10元左右的產品為例進行了具體的研究和分析，提出了提高產品市場佔有率的方法，具有一定的現實意義；最後，論文描述了應用現代編程方法開發一個方便、實用的petri網圖形編輯和模擬工具的過程，為論文研究工作的順利提供了保證，也為今後petri網理論和應用的相關科研工作奠定了基礎。
  18. Based on the retrospect and review of existent literature, spatial monopolization and rival strategy are accepted but the angle discussing the effect that product differentiation works on cooperation will be changed from producer. by re - constructing function of consumer utility and introducing in consumer preference, the degree of product differentiation may be denoted by the degree of consumer preference. the influence that product differentiation works on critical discount factor d can be obtained by introducing in one - shot price game and repeated game, from which we can learn the influence that product differentiation works on cooperation

    圍繞bertrand悖論的所展開的爭論，為進一步展開對這一問題的分析提供了豐富的工具和背景知識，在對已有的理論文獻加以回顧引述的基礎上，保留原有的空間壟斷概念和競爭策略的同時，改變單純從生產者角度來論述產品差異度對企業合作的影響，重新構造消費者效用函數，引入消費者偏好，以消費者的偏好的大小來表示產品之間的差異度，通過單時期和無限期博弈模型來論證產品差異度（消費者偏好程度之比）對臨界折現因子的影響，進而論證其對企業間進行合作所產生影響；效用函數的引入使得價格和運輸成本不再是決定消費者購買的唯一因素，消費者對產品的選擇不完全取決于消費者的位置，這會導致企業間定價和市場份額的非對稱性變化。
  19. Through the simulation of consumer ' s purchase behavior and the contrast analysis between defferent model parameter evaluations, the main conclusion which this thesis obtains is : the unit variable cost is the key influence factor of bundling ; that the unit variable cost is low compared to average consumer ’ s reservation price to product is the decisive condition

    通過模擬消費者的購買行為和對模型參數不同賦值下的對比分析，本文得出的主要結論為:單位可變成本是影響捆綁銷售的關鍵因素，單位可變成本相對產品的平均保留價格較低是決定性的條件。
  20. On the basis of completing the research of the theoretic of agricultural production macro decision support system, the writer carries through the demonstration analysis research for chuangye farm, who has established the data houseware of agricultural production in chuangye farm, and has completed the the grain yield forecast, agricultural products " price index forecast, disaster changing forecast, industrial production structure assessment by using data mining system, the simulation of livestock ' s population change, analysis of input and output, and the establishment of model of industrial structure optimization. it settles the base for full information support to agricultural production macro decision of chuangye farm

    在完成農業生產宏觀決策支持系統理論研究的基礎上，作者以創業農場為研究對象進行了實證分析研究，建立了創業農場農業生產的數據倉庫系統，並應用數據開采系統完成了糧食產量預測、農產品價格預測、災害變化預測等工作，應用模型管理系統完成了牲畜種群變化的模擬和投入產出分析，並建立了宏觀生產結構優化模型，為創業農場農業生產宏觀決策提供全方位的信息支持奠定了基礎。
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