壟斷與競爭 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lǒngduànyǔjìngzhēng]
壟斷與競爭 英文
monopoly competition
  • 壟 : 名詞1. （耕地上培成的土埂） ridge 2. （田地分界的稍稍高起的小路） raised path between fields3. （像壟的東西） ridge-like things
  • 斷 : Ⅰ動詞1 （分成段） break; snap 2 （斷絕;隔斷） break off; cut off; stop 3 （戒除） give up; abstai...
  • 競 : 動詞（競爭; 競賽） compete; contest; vie Ⅱ形容詞[書面語] （強勁） strong; powerful
  • 爭 : Ⅰ動詞1 （力求得到或達到; 爭奪） contend; vie; compete; struggle for; strive 2 （爭執; 爭論） argu...
  • 壟斷 : monopolize; forestall; monopoly
  • 競爭 : compete; vie; contend
  1. The repeatability of usage and sale, the infinitude degression of average cost and the market framework where competition and monopolization are both strengthened, are changing or will change the laws of the traditional economy

    信息產品銷售和使用的可重復性，平均成本遞減的無限趨勢，壟斷與競爭的雙向極端強化型市場結構等等，都正在或將要改變傳統的經濟運行規則。
  2. Annexation of enterprises under the market economy will not work without good legal environment, the forming of which also rests on the legislative completion and perfection of laws concerning annexation of enterprises, companies, management of fixed assets, authorization of state - owned enterprise property rights, banking, anti - monopoly and illegitimate competition, and social insurance

    市場化兼并離不開良好的法律環境，這種法律環境的建立直接有賴于企業兼并法、公司法、證券法、國有資產管理法、國有企業產權委?管理法、銀行法、反壟斷與不正當競爭法、社會保障法立法的完善。
  3. The conclusions are : under the case of monopoly, the enterprise has the ability to delay the investment, thus it can take the advantages of option value brought by uncertainty to select the optimal timing of investment in each phrase flexibly ; under the case of competition, enterprise will select the optimal investment timing by comparing the tradeoff between the benefits of option value and the strategic lost of competitor ' s preemption, because preemption of competitor will reduce the ability of enterprise to delay investment comparing with the case of monopoly, the enterprise usually invests early, hi the meantime, by comparing the outcomes of investment cooperation in the r & d phrase with that of competition, we can conclude that r & d investment cooperation is pareto dominant strategy, since enterprise can fully take advantage of the option value brought by uncertainty, and thus enhance the flexibility of decision - making

    得到的結論是：在壟斷情形下，企業具有延遲投資的能力，因而企業可以充分利用不確定性帶來的期權價值，在創新投資的各階段根據不確定性信息的獲得靈活地選擇最優的投資時機；在競爭情形下，企業延遲投資的能力受到局限，由於害怕競爭對手的佔先，企業為了獲得佔先效應，會考慮競爭對手的行為對自己的影響，通過在不確定性所帶來的期權價值與競爭對手的行為所帶來的戰略價值之間進行權衡，來選武漢理工大學博士學位論文擇最優的投資時機。與壟斷情形相比，一般企業會提早投資。同時通過分析說明，競爭企業間通過在創新投資的研究與開發階段進行合作，可以使兩家企業充分利用不確定性帶來的期權價值，增強決策的柔性，結論說明，合作創新投資是兩家企業的帕累托占優策略。
  4. Further research indicates that postal state monopoly repels, restrains and hinders other participants participating in competition, which causes enormous losses to social net welfare

    進一步分析表明，郵政的國家壟斷排斥、限制和妨礙其他參與者參與競爭，對社會冷福利和消費者冷福利造成巨大損失。
  5. We prefer thoughts about the phenomena of monopoly and competition in the development of economic objectively

    本文認為，應客觀地看待經濟發展過程中的市場壟斷與競爭現象。
  6. The monopoly and competition of urban rail transport m tier

    城市軌道交通行業的壟斷與競爭
  7. It is prerequisite to resolving contradictions between governmental monopolization and market competition, between pubic supply and demand

    它是解決政府壟斷與市場競爭、公共供給與需求之間的矛盾的前提。
  8. The australian competition and consumer commission alleges that mr pratt, visy chief executive harry debney and former executive rod carroll were party to anti - competitive conduct, including price - fixing and market sharing

    澳大利亞競爭及消費委員會指控說，普拉特先生、首席執行官哈利# 8226 ;德伯尼以及前執行官羅德# 8226 ;卡羅爾夥同進行了反競爭行為，包括價格壟斷與市場分配等。
  9. The re - regulation involves two different subjects : one is to re - regulate the institution itself ; another one is to perfect the contents system, but to achieve this point, four aspects should be included : ( 1 ) incentive regulation under conditions of remnant natural monopoly. ( 2 ) regulation on the intersection between natural monopoly and competition and under the transition from natural monopoly to competition : asymmetric regulation ( 3 ) perfection of the anti - monopoly regulation after fulfilling the adequate competition ( 4 ) social regulation in addition to the economic regulation

    規制重建涉及到兩方面的內容：一是規制機構本身的重建，二是規制內容體系的完善，而要建立完善的內容體系，應包括四個方面： （ 1 ）對殘存的自然壟斷領域實施激勵性規制； （ 2 ）對自然壟斷與競爭的界面或在從自然壟斷向充分競爭過渡中實現以保護有效競爭為目的的規制，本文提出具有過渡性質的「不對稱規制」 ； （ 3 ）在充分競爭實現后健全反壟斷規制； （ 4 ）在推行上述經濟性規制的同時，完善社會性規制。
  10. Through analysis, this paper comes into a conclusion : there ' s too much monopoly in banking structure in china, but, because of the dual structure caused by the administrative monopoly and excess competition at low level, the market structure effect is small

    通過分析，文章認為我國銀行業呈現較高的壟斷特性，但由於行政寡頭壟斷與低水平競爭並存的「二元結構」 ，導致市場結構效應低下。
  11. Hong kong has not set out to encourage private sector involvement. by providing a subsidised public monopoly, it has effectively discouraged private sector competition ; and

    香港尚未宣告鼓勵私人機構的參與，且現行公共機構資助的壟斷體制也大大削弱了私人機構參與競爭的積極性；及
  12. The dissertation, transition economy as background, describes full - scale analysis on constructing chinese natural monopoly industry effective market and put forward the boundary of market and government, market and corporation, monopoly and competition model. the dissertation analyses concealed administration monopoly ’ s character and its hazard, and considers that the most important reason which leads to the chinese natural monopoly industry ’ s short of efficiency is that scale economy is short of character and efficiency, scope economy isn ’ t realized, inefficiency non - regulation equilibrium coexists with regulation equilibrium and the dilemma of state - owned corporation. the dissertation puts forward the vertical configuration principal in the regulation structure and deems that natural monopoly industry ’ s regulation vertical configuration should

    論文以轉型經濟為背景，對中國自然壟斷產業有效市場建設進行了較為全面的分析，比較和描述了市場條件下與轉型期存在顯著差別的市場與政府、市場與企業、壟斷與競爭的邊界模型，界定和分析了隱性行政壟斷的特徵及其危害性，認為導致中國自然壟斷產業市場低效的基礎性原因是規模經濟特徵和規模經濟效率的雙重不足，范圍經濟沒有實現，無效率的非均衡規制和均衡規制並存，以及國有企業的困境。
  13. The monopoly and competition of urban rail transport m 233 ; tier

    城市軌道交通行業的壟斷與競爭
  14. It has much difference between chinese and western research on monopoly and competition in theoretical frameworks and research methods

    中國關于壟斷與競爭的研究，理論框架和研究方法與西方經濟學家不盡相同。
  15. 2. government regulations fail to deal with issues such as running cost calculation for individual dealers, so that result in disobeying market rules

    這三方面改革的實質，是對壟斷與競爭以及政府與市場這兩大基本關系的重新認識和定位。
  16. The core issue of the industrial organization is the relationship between monopoly and competition. the aim of the industrial organization optimization is to achieve effective industry competition

    產業組織的核心問題是壟斷與競爭的關系問題，產業組織優化的目標就是要實現產業的有效競爭，這是產業組織理論最基礎的內容。
  17. Therefore the regulation theory, based on the single market, can not explain the behaviors of platform firms, nor the monopoly and competition problems among the bilateral market platform firms

    傳統的基於單邊市場特徵的產業規制理論，無法解釋平臺企業的經濟行為，也就無法解決具有雙邊市場特徵的平臺產業中的壟斷與競爭問題。
  18. Fanlongduan yu jingzheng zhengce : jingji lilun, guoji jingyan ji dui zhongguo de qishi anti - trust and competition policy : economical theory, international experience and its implications for china, beijing : peking university press, 2004

    傅軍、張穎著， 《反壟斷與競爭政策：經濟理論，國際經驗及對中國的啟示》 ，北京：北京大學出版社， 2004年。
  19. Thirdly, based on option - game theory, we analyze the strategies and behaviors of technology innovation investment of enterprise under the conditions of monopoly and competition by establishing corresponding option - game models

    第三，基於期權博弈理論，在一定的假設條件下，通過建立相應的期權博弈模型系統分析了在壟斷與競爭情形下企業技術創新投資決策的策略與行為。
  20. Through examining some typical antimonopoly policies, the paper points that in essence, economic monopoly is accordant with competition, and antimonopoly policy toward economic monopoly is as always affixed with some political and sociological reasons and any pure anti - monopolistic regulation toward economic monopoly does not exist or is inadequate with reasons

    對反壟斷政策的研究表明，經濟壟斷行為與競爭行為本質上是一致的，反壟斷政策對經濟壟斷的限制從來都附加了政治和社會理由，純粹地針對經濟壟斷的反壟斷管制是不存在的或理由不充足的。
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