實證表述 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shízhèngbiǎoshù]
實證表述 英文
positive statements
  • 實 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （內部完全填滿 沒有空隙） solid 2 （真實; 實在） true; real; honest Ⅱ名詞1 （實際; 事實...
  • 證 : Ⅰ動詞（證明） prove; verify; demonstrate Ⅱ名詞1 （證據） evidence; proof; testimony; witness 2 （...
  • 表 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面;外表） outside; surface; external 2 （中表親戚） the relationship between the child...
  • 述 : Ⅰ動詞（陳說; 敘述） state; relate; narrate Ⅱ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 實證 : demonstratio
  • 表述 : formulation
  1. This thesis is planed to analyze and demonstrate this obligation in detail, and tries to clarify the issues below : 1, the differences in the obligation standards among the carrier, the common carrier and the bailee, and the differences in the obligation standards between care of cargo and making the ship seaworthy ; 2, combined with the cases and shipping practice, solving the problems which is produced in fulfilling the obligation ; 3, with the principle of law, analyzing the character of the responsibility which should assume when the care of cargo obligation is breached ; 4, introducing the provisions about care o f cargo obligation in preliminary draft instrument on the carriage of goods by sea and expressing my opinions

    本文擬對這一義務進行詳細的分析和論證，試圖闡明以下幾個方面的問題： 1 、承運人管貨義務所要求的「妥善和謹慎」的標準與公共承運人、託管人管貨義務的標準的區別，與承運人適航義務的標準「克盡職責」的區別； 2 、結合有關案例和航運實務，分析該條文字面所表述的管貨義務的各個環節在實際運用中的相關問題； 3 、從法理的角度分析違反管貨義務所應承擔的責任的性質； 4 、介紹正在制訂的《海上貨物運輸法》 （草案）中關于承運人管貨義務的規定，並提出自己的意見。
  2. The point analyses the composition and efficancy of the structure of corporate governance with the modern administration theory. lt systematically sets forth and compares the features and development of the structure of the corporate governance in chinese and western. by analyzing the present situation of our listing companies, it points out : " the internal control " can be considered the inevitable phenomenon, emerged in the period from the socialism planned economy to the market economy in china ' s state - owned enterprises. by the means of gathering a vast amount of data and analying cases and charts, it gives the conclutions : because the enterprise inform is progressed " step by step ", the internal controlling in our country has assumed its own features : the enterprise is in the concussion between the " super - powerful controp ' of external and the " super - weakly control " in internal. those popular phenomenon have been looked as the principle manifestation of " the internal control " which taking the national stock as the ma in part and holding the post of chainman of the board and the chief manager in company to the same man

    本文利用現代管理理論和現代企業理論來剖析公司治理結構的組成和效率體現，對中西方公司治理結構的特徵和歷史發展作了較系統的闡述和比較，並且運用大量的數據對我國上市公司治理結構進行了實證分析，指出： 「內部人控制」是在我國社會主義經濟向市場經濟轉軌時期，國有企業公司治理結構中出現的一種必然現象。本文在闡述公司治理結構特徵和功效的基礎上，通過大量數據的收集、案例分析和圖表處理來分析我國企業治理結構的歷史變遷並揭示出：由於我國企業改革是「漸進式」的， 「內部人控制」表現出其自身的特點：企業處于外部「超強控制」和「超弱控制」的兩極震蕩中。作為最具我國現代企業代表特徵的上市公司，因為以國家股為持股主體，董事長和總經理兩職兼任的現象甚為普遍而成為目前企業事實上的「內部人控制」的主要表現形式。
  3. It is demonstrated by simulations that the control method is efficient and the fully cartesian coordinates is practically efficient. then the inverse kinematics of dual free flying space manipulator are mainly discussed in the third chapter, and the jacobean matrix for dual manipulator space robot is derived by fully cartesian coordinates, a control method for space manipulator based on the resolved motion rate control concept is proposed. then, the computer simulation verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm

    首先，分析了閉環雙臂空間機器人捕捉目標物體時的運動學關系，給出了以完全笛卡爾坐標表示的系統運動jacobi關系；然後，以此為基礎研究了空間機器人雙臂協調操作的分解運動速度控制方法和協調操作問題；最後應用matlab語言對平面雙臂空間機器人系統進行了計算機模擬、模擬，模擬運算證實了上述方法的有效性。
  4. Follow as joining the wto and developing of finance market, china ’ s financial institution will need to upgrade the ability of quantitatively measuring and managing the credit risk urgently. the author hopes that this paper ’ s research on the structural models of credit risk can give some consultation to chinese financial institution to defend and manage the credit risk. so this paper deeply reviews the method of modeling the structural model of credit risk, than does an empirical study in china based on the leland - toft models, it is a

    因此，本文對信用風險結構模型的建模方法進行了深入的考察，並將leland - toft模型應用於我國的實證研究，進行了有益的探索，本文的研究成果和創新工作主要表現在以下三個方面:第一，本文比較全面系統的闡述了merton模型， longstaff - schwartz模型和leland - toft模型三個最具代表性的信用風險結構模型的構建思路，對這三個模型的區別和特點進行了深入的考察，並給出各模型計算預期違約率的數學公式和方法。
  5. First, the article introduces main theories of interest rate transmission mechanism in western countries, and then studies the actuality of the effect of interest rate transmission mechanism in china demonstratively. after that, based on the essential analysis of the efficiency about present transmission mechanism, the article discusses the factors that restrict and influence interest rate transmission mechanism of monetary policy in china, from microeconomic factors and macroeconomic environment respectively. finally, the article puts forth the reformation target of monetary policy interest rate transmission mechanism and the corresponding innovation proposals to enhance the effect of the interest rate transmission mechanism in china

    本文在借鑒和吸收前人研究成果的基礎上，採用了規范性研究和實證研究相結合的方法，構建了關于貨幣政策利率傳導機制有效性研究的合理的分析框架：文章首先介紹了西方貨幣政策利率傳導機制理論，著重分析了這些理論發揮作用的途徑和模式；其次，通過各種數據分析了我國貨幣政策利率傳導機制的現狀；接著針對我國利率傳導機製表現出的獨特現象分別從微觀因素和宏觀環境兩個層面研究了弱化其有效性的各種因素；最後，針對上述因素提出了加強我國貨幣政策利率傳導效率的政策建議。
  6. Some cases that laid particular emphasis on " thoughts exploration " are also comnlented. such as illich ' s theory of * ' deschooling society " and four kinds of learning netxxorks. goodman ' s " six substituting proposa1s ", the description of learning society based on self leaming principle in learning to be, etc.

    在上述這些理念與行為的巨大變化背後，是更為深層的思維方式上的轉變，具體表現為：從樸素的經驗與缺少實證的思辨轉向以「假設驗證」為基本程序的實證主義經驗思維，以連續性原則超越二元對立思維方式、以系統思維方式超越線性思維方式，以動態生成觀點豐富穩態系統內部相互作用的觀點。
  7. But the result from cointegration show the structure of fresh water catch ca n ' t result hi the price fluctuation 5 ) we had build all of the empirical models above applied the theory of economics, prediction and econometrics by farmer price and retail price of aquatic products in 2000 sampled between 1978 and 1999

    但是，單整檢驗結果表明，淡水捕撈結構的變動不對水產品收購價格產生沖擊。 5 ）選取1978 ? 1999年水產品零售價格與收購價格作為樣本區間， 2000年作為測評區間，分別採用相應計量方法對上述模型進行了實證。
  8. According to the 2002 survey, in shanghai and shenzhen stock market, the listed companies ’ total number of expropriated funds was nearly one hundred billion yuan and averagely one hundred and forty three million yuan of funds was occupied by majority shareholders for each listed company ; in the two - consecutive - year of loss - making companies, 70 % of the which were expropriated by controlling shareholders ; in the 15 delisted companies, one of the most important reasons for failure was their controlling shareholders ’ expropriation. the behavior that majority shareholders expropriate listed companies ’ fund is a kind of " tunneling " which refers to the act that controlling shareholders transfer the listed companies ’ properties or profits out for their own benefits. on this issue, this dissertation attempts to answer : 1. what is the governance characteristics of listed companies that are easily expropriated assets by majority shareholders

    本文對上述兩個問題進行了全面而系統的理論分析和實證研究，研究結果表明: 1 .第一大股東的持股比例與大股東資產侵佔比例負相關，第一大股東的持股比例越低，資產侵佔越多; 2 .第一大股東持股比例一定的情況下，第二至第五大股東的持股比例與大股東資產侵佔比例負相關，第二至第五大股東的持股比例越高，資產侵佔越少; 3 .經營性的控股股東比非經營性的控股股東更易侵佔上市公司的資產; 4 .非國有企業控制的上市公司被大股東侵佔資產的比例高於國有企業控制的公司; 5 .外部董事的比例與資產侵佔比例負相關，外部董事的比例越高，資產侵佔越少; 6 .大股東的資產侵佔行為對上市公司的業績有顯著的負面影響。
  9. In the writer ' s opinion, presumption of innocence should be stated " everyone is innocent before he is proved and pronounced guilty, its extended meanings include, ( 1 ) the defendant is the main part and has qualifications in lawsuit. ( 2 ) the accusing party has the responsibility to offer evidence. ( 3 ) the priviledge against selfincrimination and right to silence are considered

    筆者認為無罪推定原則的科學表述為任何人未經證實並判決有罪之前，應視為無罪，它所引申出的訴訟規則主要包括（一）被告人具有獨立的訴訟地位和訴訟主體資格； （二）由控訴方負主要證明責任； （三）反對自我歸罪及沉默權規則； （四）疑罪從無原則。
  10. Knowledge value chain describes new ways of envisioning the strategic process, which states that business strategies cannot be effectively shaped without a deep understanding of the knowledge capability interdependencies between core activities along the value chain as a core capability of innovation, new product development ( npd ) always makes great contribution to organizational performance. this dissertation proposes a framework of the link between km process capabilities and npd performance aiming at identifying the key facilitators of npd and enabling companies to launch their products into market more successfully than their competitors. attempts are made to measure km capabilities in terms of knowledge acquisition and dissemination and to use the results of empirical study for leveraging an organization against its competitors in the context of npd

    本論文以文獻整理的研究方法，對既有的知識管理理論進行梳理；通過對十個較具代表性的知識管理理論框架的比較分析，以知識管理過程能力、知識管理基礎資源能力、知識管理應用能力及知識場為基石，構建了知識管理能力的框架模型；通過對產業結構為本觀點和組織資源為本觀點的比較分析，探討了競爭優勢產生的根源，創造性地構建了知識價值鏈模型，以解釋企業的核心能力；論述了以知識管理能力為主的組織特徵和相應的組織化能力匹配權變情況，即知識分佈與權力分佈的關系，分析了技術在知識管理能力領域的作用；以個案研究的方法探討了知識管理組織化能力和知識管理技術化能力；以實證研究的方法，對知識的獲取和擴散與新產品研發的績效互交關系進行了研究，以理解知識管理過程能力對業務創新產生主導影響的機制。
  11. The main body can be summarized as the following five sections : this paper firstly creatively builds the yield curve of our treasury securities by the method of regressive interpolation and spline. by the empirical study we can see that the method not only can build a smooth yield curve but also can predict the yield to maturity of any given term on the basis of the practical dealing data on the markets

    主體內容可概述為以下五部分：論文首先創造性地把回歸插補法和三次樣條插值法結合起來構造了中國的國債收益率曲線，經過實證分析表明，該方法可以以中國國債市場上的實際交易數據為樣本，既能構造平滑的國債收益率曲線，又能預測任意到期期限的國債收益率。
  12. Because return of chinese security market is non - normal distribution, so we use garch - t model which can describe the time - variation of volatility and the high - peaked and heavy - tailed characteristics of return to calculate var value of market index. from empirical results we know that this model is efficient

    考慮到中國證券市場收益率序列分佈的非正態性，本文使用了既能描述方差時變性又能反映收益率分佈的尖峰、厚尾特徵的garch - t模型計算市場指數的var值，實證結果表明該模型是有效的。
  13. Aiming at the characteristics of its management, the paper synthetically utilizes the knowledge and methods in the fields of the theory of corporation pre - warning management, system theory, the management ways of the enterprise, behavior science, sociology and statistics, and so on. from the angle of organization, the paper expounds the accidence cause, the principal, the process, the behave modes and the results led to the risk by management system, utilizing by various methods, such as field survey, examples analysis, the investigation of questionnaire, the judge of the major eleme nts, the blur judgments of the computer model, and it attempts to seek for a pre - warning method which can describe, expect, judge, evaluate and control in advance the railway risk and incidences

    針對鐵路機車運行管理的特點，本論文綜合地運用企業預警管理理論、系統論、企業管理學、行為科學、社會學、統計學等多學科、多領域的知識和方法，從組織的角度出發，通過實地調查和問卷調查、實證分析、主成分判斷，計算機模型等手段，對中高速機車車輛交通安全事故的成因、機理過程、表象及結果進行較深入的研究，探求一種對風險和危機能有效明確的描述、預測、預報、評價、控制的預警管理方法。
  14. First of all, by comparing the differences and commons of the definition of the witness in system of civil law, system of common law and in our country, it concludes that the definition of the witness is similar to that in the system of civil law. as far as the competence of the witness is concerned, the article firstly compares and analyzes the provisions in two families of law, then analyzes the stipulations about the competence of the witness in our country, and come to the conclusion that the stipulation that unit has the competence of the witness is not scientific and the stipulation that persons of legal incapacity and persons of limited indisposing capacity can not be really carried out in judicial practice

    在證人概念方面，通過比較分析英美法系國家、大陸法系國家和我國對證人概念的定義表述和界定范圍的異同，得出我國對證人概念的理解與大陸法系國家相似的結論;在證人資格方面，首先對兩大法系國家的證人資格規定進行了比較和研究，然後又對我國有關證人資格的規定進行了分析，並提出自己的觀點，即單位具有證人資格的規定不科學，無行為能力人、限制行為能力人作為證人的規定在實踐中可能不會得到真正貫徹。
  15. We describe the process of designing and implementing the compositive budget management system in detail. via verifying the validity, it is indicated that using j2ee and mvc model can make the system applicable and reusable

    然後詳細闡述了綜合預算管理系統的設計及實現過程，通過正確性驗證，表明所採用的j2ee技術以及mvc設計模式使得系統具有良好的可重用性以及可適應性。
  16. All the method hare been proved in project to improve the accuracy of designimy rolume of fold when they are used in practice they will also improve the accruing of any desighmy river - crossing bridge

    上述方法經過工程實際驗證，表明可提高設計洪水流量的精度，在工程中的應用將提高跨河橋梁設計的精度。
  17. As the time trend function represent the impact of economic development on consumption, in the paper the semi - parametric model with deterministic time trend function is firstly used to make empirical study for cointegration test between actual consume and income per capita of chinese urban residents from 1978 to 2005, and the results show that there do exists cointegration between consume and income with income having important effects on consume, while the time trend form is not as what we usually suppose

    摘要由於確定性時間趨勢項代表了經濟發展等的因素對消費的影響，故本文首次基於帶有非參數時間趨勢項的半參數模型對我國1978 ~ 2005年的消費收入進行了協整檢驗，實證結果表明：轉軌時期我國城鎮居民人均收入與消費之間存在著長期均衡關系，收入是消費的一個重要決定因素；同時趨勢項的影響也並不是如很多文章描述的那樣具有直線形式。
  18. Based on an statement of relative elements of life insurance and analysis of some key concepts, the thesis firstly sums up, compares and analyzes the commercial life insurance supply market in china from two aspects : company and product ; secondly, it introduces a method of measuring one ' s insurance demand, expound the methods and strategies of how to choose a company or a product : how to choose a company is to calculate, compare and analyze the ratios of debt and profit, which are based on statements of assets and debts and statements of losses and profits. a choice is made finally according to the above results ; how to choose a product include the methods of comparing all kinds of policy cost, and a empirical analysis is made for term policy cost, in addition, on basis of the present situation of life insurance market in china, author bring forth a simple way to choose participate insurance

    本文在闡述有關壽險基本知識並剖析其中關鍵概念的基礎上，首先從壽險公司和壽險險種兩個方面對中國商業人壽保險供給市場進行了歸納、比較和分析，接著介紹了確定保險需求的方法以及選擇壽險公司和險種的方法和策略：選擇壽險公司的具體方法是以各壽險公司的資產負債表和損益表為依據，計算出並比較分析各公司的償債比率和盈利比率，來考察其償債能力和盈利能力，最後根據結果做出相應選擇；選擇壽險險種的方法包括比較各類壽險保單成本的方法，本文對其中的定期壽險保單成本進行了實證分析，並根據中國壽險市場的現狀，提出了選擇分紅險的簡易方法。
  19. The thesis has four chapters as follows : the summary and reviews of theories and empirical literature on the asymmetric effect of interest rate policy, the empirical analysis on the asymmetric effect of interest rate changes, the deeper analysis for the effect of interest policy during inflation period and recession period, conclusions and suggestions. the first chapter mainly reviews the theories and empirical literature on the asymmetric effect of interest rate policy. in the first part of this chapter, i summarize the overseas research and find that the research on this topic can be traced back to 1993, and most of empirical researches support the viewpoint that the increase in interest rate will impose more impact on economy than decrease in interest rate

    在具體的結構安排上，全文共分為四章，現將各章節的主要內容和觀點分述如下:論文第一章:本章第一節首先綜合歸納了國外關于利率作用於產出和物價的主要傳導渠道;接著就國外對「利率沖擊」效應的現有研究成果進行了一個簡要回顧: 1993年d . p . morgan率先將利率變量引入貨幣政策效應的非對稱性研究中，隨后一些學者就利率變量對產出、就業、物價的沖擊效應分別予以了實證研究，研究結果表明:正、負利率沖擊效果具有非對稱性? ?利率正向沖擊對因變量的作用強于利率負向沖擊對因變量的作用。
  20. The effect of polarons on the luminescence properties of quantum dots ( qds ) is an important problem in qd research and applications. we review the recent progress in the concept, possibility and size dependent energy variance of confined polarons in various qds. we suggest that the formation of polarons is related to intrinsic and / or extrinsic phonons and that the idea of confined polarons that we recently proposed can be used to explain the specific spectrscopic characteristics of oxidized nanosilicon systems, even single nanosilicon structures. this model may help to reveal the luminescence mechanism of porous silicon

    量子點中的極化子效應是當前量子點研究中的重要問題，其特徵急需了解.文章在綜述了量子點中限域極化子的概念、可能性和能量隨尺寸的變化規律之後，提出了界面限域極化子模型，該模型首次指明本徵聲子和外來聲子都可能對界面限域極化子的形成有貢獻.作者利用此模型分析了多孔硅體系中的光譜特徵，證實了表面覆有氧化層的納米硅的行為十分符合量子限域極化子的特徵.這一極化子模型與單個納米硅結構的發光譜十分一致，此結果對最終揭示多孔硅發光機理有重要意義
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