替代途徑 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tìdàitújìng]
替代途徑 英文
alternate pathway
  • 替 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） replace; substitute for; supply [take] the place of 2 [書面語] （衰敗） decline Ⅱ...
  • 代 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） take the place of; be in place of 2 （代理） act on behalf of; acting Ⅱ名詞1 （歷...
  • 途 : 名詞（道路） road; route; journey; path; way
  • 徑 : Ⅰ名詞1 （狹窄的道路; 小路） footpath; path; track 2 （達到目的的方法） way; means 3 （直徑的簡稱...
  • 替代 : substitute for; supersede; replace; substitution; replacement
  • 途徑 : road; avenue; way; channel; approach; pathway; track
  1. With the thinking of futurology, this paper is divided into two parts, budgeting plan and budgeting execution, to try to detect the present problems and to find approaches to solve them. the purpose of this paper is to make the those methods more scientific to realize the combination of enterprise tactics management and strategy management in the systematic, strategic and total - attending way that other measures of management can not achieve

    帶著未來學的思想，文章將預算管理分為預算編制和預算執行兩大塊進行研究，試圖找到它們各自現存的問題及解決途徑，使之逐步完善科學，發揮出其機制性、戰略性、全員性等一系列其他管理手段無法替代的作用特徵，實現企業戰術管理和戰略管理的有機融合。
  2. By the network, a optional nonlinear input - output mapping relationship can be realized. concrete mapping relationship materialize at the distributed linking weight values between neurons that build up the ann. due to the strong self - adaptability and self - learning - ability as well as excellent and robustness and tolerance ability, it can not only replace many traditional algorithm which is very complicated and timeconsuming, but also, because the processing to information is more close to person ' s thought activity habit, it provides a new way for solving the prediction of nonlinear system and unknown model

    通過這種網路能夠實現任意的非線性輸入輸出映射關系，具體的映射關系體現在構成網路的神經元之間的分佈連接權上，由於網路具有很強的自適應和學習能力以及魯棒性和容錯能力，它不僅可以替代許多復雜耗時的傳統演算法，並且由於它對信息的處理更加接近於人的思維活動習慣，為解決非線性系統模擬和未知模型的預測提供了新途徑。
  3. From above analysis, the author holds the role of replacement of logistics requirement taken by information flow is relatively clear. the government should understand this point as soon as possible : accelerating the pace of information construction especially in west and middle region to integrate it into the whole country environment and fasten the decrease in logistics cost ; on the other hand, as a member of supply chain, the enterprise should make use of it to seek the approach of sharing information in order to reduce logistics cost through use of effective information flow and implement the development object of enterprise in supply chain

    通過以上分析，作者認為信息流對物流的替代作用比較明顯，作為政府，應該及早認識到這一點，加快信息化的步伐，特別是中西部地區，使中西部地區能融入到全國環境中，從而促進全國物流成本降低；而作為供應鏈成員企業，則應利用這一點，積極尋求信息共享的途徑，以高效的信息流降低物流成本，從而實現供應鏈企業發展目標。
  4. In the 3rd chapter, the author not only analyzes the theory but also does research on the practical status of information flow and logistics of every region of china. the author draws a conclusion as follows : with regard to the whole country, more advanced information technology of a region is, less logistics requirement per unit is needed, i. e., less logistics cost ; meanwhile, in coastal region with advanced information flow, the role of replacement of logistics requirement taken by information flow is obviously greater than the role of promotion ; in the last, this article analyzes the current status of information flow and logistics in supply chain of china and indicates that the existing problem is that information flow in supply chain is not fluent enough to support effective operation of logistics, and finds out the obstacle to the harmonious object implementation of information flow and logistics

    在第三章中，作者不僅對理論問題進行分析研究，還對中國各地區實際的信息流與物流情況進行比較分析，找出其中的規律：即從全國范圍看，信息化越發達的地區，單位貿易量所需的物流需求量越少，即所需物流成本越低；並且在信息流發達的沿海地區，信息流對物流需求量的替代作用明顯大於信息流對物流需求量的促進作用；最後本文分析了中國供應鏈中信息流與物流的現狀，發現目前存在的主要問題就是供應鏈中信息流的不暢通嚴重影響了物流運作效率，並找出影響信息流與物流協調目標實現的障礙，最後從宏觀和微觀兩方面提出供應鏈信息流與物流協調目標實現的途徑與對策。
  5. These suggest that the hemolytic activities displayed by amphioxus humoral fluid appear to represent the vertebrate complement system probably operating via the alternative pathway ( ap )

    這些結果說明：文昌魚體液中存在著類似於脊椎動物替代途徑補體樣的溶血活性。
  6. Transplantation offers the only effective treatment for the severest forms of hf, which affect about six per cent of patients, but the shortage of donor hearts has led to a search for alternatives

    心臟移植對最嚴重的心力衰竭患者提供了唯一的有效治療措施，而這些最嚴重的心力衰竭只佔病人總數的6 % ，但是器官來源的缺乏導致必須尋找替代途徑。
  7. For example, disturb a country ’ s normal financial order, reduce the independence and effectiveness of monetary policy, weaken the government ’ s fiscal basis, make the country ’ s exchange rate fluctuated fiercely, etc. so it is important to learn deeply about the cause 、 approach and affection of currency substitution, to find the policies and methods to keep it away

    例如:擾亂一國正常的金融秩序，影響貨幣政策的獨立性和有效性，削弱政府的財政稅基，造成一國匯率水平的劇烈波動等等。因此，深入了解貨幣替代現象的成因，途徑，影響，找到防範貨幣替代的政策手段，對于中國在開放條件下保持宏觀經濟的均衡發展，維護本國貨幣體系的穩定，有著重要的作用。
  8. By using this system, we would not need to do complicated things. it can show us the result quickly and exactly. so it is a good way for engineering people to study the the stability of block of underground cavity

    本方法能夠得出塊體穩定性分析的確定性結果，開發出的軟體可以代替煩雜的手工勞動，並且準確率很高，為地下洞室的塊體穩定性分析提供了一種準確快捷的途徑。
  9. The results show that coincidence detection method has obvious benefit in detecting nuclear warheads. for the same type warhead, the coincidence counts rates of the model of warhead of heu pit is 10 times as big as that of fake warhead of natural uranium pit. if we know the nuclear warheads configuration by other methods, the method of coincidence neutron detection could be used to distinguis h the fake nuclear warheads from the reals

    計算表明用探測符合中子的方法探測核彈頭對區分真假核彈頭有明顯的優點，對于同一核彈頭模型，裂變彈芯是高濃鈾和用天然鈾替代高濃鈾時，符合中子計數相差1個量級，如通過其他途徑了解核彈頭的大致結構，符合測量的方法就可以有較高的置信度分辨真假核彈頭。
  10. So the most urgent problem to solve is how to improve the audit quality. to improve listed companies ' information disclosure and caps ' securities audit quality, csrc has made a new measure " a shares supplementary auditing ". in fact, high securities audit quality decides in a good system. one choice is to establish the audit quality evaluation system and a perfect audit quality control system, which can instruct investors to make rational decisions. in this, study, a theoretical framework of audit quality evaluation system is presented including two parts : apprasing standards system of accounting firms ' audit quality and evaluation system of specific audit engagement ' s audit quality, followed inspectively by the empirical analysis of the audit quality based on the listed companies ' 2001year financial statements, and make an comparative analysis of audit quality control system between america and china, disclose shortness of our audit quality control system. in order to improve effectively audit quality, some relevant suggestion and means are provided

    本文認為，注冊會計師證券審計質量要真正得到提高，關鍵在於一個好的制度安排。制度選擇之一就是建立一個可操作的質量評價體系和完善的全面質量控制體系，為投資者導航引向、趨利避害。本文在參考大量國內外相關研究理論的基礎上，研究了審計質量低劣的理論成因，嘗試構建了審計質量替代指標的理論體系，包括事務所審計質量的替代指標和單個審計項目審計質量的替代指標，並結合2001年度年報進行了實證分析；通過對美國和中國審計質量控制體系的對比分析，揭示我國審計質量控制體系的缺陷以及從美國經驗得到的啟示，並提出改進審計質量的途徑和相關建議，包括宏觀、中觀、微觀三個層次的全面質量管理策略和獨立審計經營戰略。
  11. According to the analyses of the research results about the feasibility of 4 - d seismic and the successful 4 - d seismic cases of foreign companies, the author put forward the suggestions for 4 - d seismic pilot area selection ; briefly analyzed the influential function of producing way on the seismic response ; utilized theory calculation, coring data analyses, and reservoir numerical simulation to define the fluid substitution effects on the p - wave velocity. through long time water driven to the reservoir, some of the properties and the log curves have changed, the author tried to find the variation rule of the reservoir and its effects on seismic velocity. the " blind point " in 4 - d seismic feasibility study both in china and overseas was found, that is the lack of consideration of the influence of physical property variation by long time water driven on the seismic response

    在深入分析國外四維地震可行性研究成果和成功實例的基礎上，提出了有利於水驅四維地震成功的工區優選條件；簡要剖析了各種開采方式及其對地震特性的影響；利用理論計算、巖心分析、油藏數值模擬三種方法確定了流體替代對縱波速度的影響；通過對長期水驅造成的物性參數、測井曲線以及油藏溫度和壓力變化規律的總結，分析了這些變化對地震速度的影響，指出了目前國內外水驅四維地震可行性研究中存在的盲區?沒有充分考慮長期注水造成的物性、溫度和壓力變化對地震響應的影響，完善了水驅四維地震可行性研究的內容；在考慮了這些變化因素后，高29斷塊水驅四維地震可行性研究結果表明：四維地震監測注水前沿可能要比監測油藏變化容易的多；以四維地震巖石物理可行性研究結果為基礎，提出了五個有助於突出四維地震造成的微小差異的途徑，為今後水驅四維地震研究指明了方向。
  12. This thesis focuses on both of the most important approaches to improve thermal - insulating capacity of walls : one is exploiting new architectural materials, the other is further developing compound walls

    改善墻體的保溫隔熱性能有兩個基本途徑：一要大力開發和使用新型建材，二要以復合墻體代替目前絕熱效果有限的單一材料墻體。
  13. Preparation of polymer composites is one of the important methods to realize high performance of polymer materials. in this paper, a newly developed ethylene - octene copolymer ( eoc ), catalyzed by metallocene catalysts, was used as an impact modifier for pp instead of traditional modifier ( epdm ). the relationship between the structure and properties of polypropylene composites toughened and reinforced by eoc and cacos respectively or together was studied systematically

    聚合物復合材料的制備是實現高性能聚合物材料的重要途徑之一，本論文採用茂金屬催化劑合成的新型聚烯烴彈性體乙烯-辛烯共聚物（ eoc ）代替傳統的三元乙丙橡膠，對eoc和caco _ 3兩種增韌劑分別和協同增韌增強聚丙烯復合材料體系的形態結構與性能的關系進行了系統的研究，圍繞高性能、應用探索和理論研究三個方面作了較為深入的探索和分析，獲取了很多有價值的信息，為高性能聚丙烯復合材料的開發和應用作了理論鋪墊，主要結果如下： 1
  14. Chapter 3 : introducing the strategic alliance of the foreign biotech medicine enterprise. first, we carry on the condition of the biotech medicine business enterprise. secondly, we find the advisement from learning the foreign biotech medicine enterprise chapter 4 : to the northeast chinese medicine business enterprise

    本論文以構建東北地區的戰略聯盟的模式研究作為主線，由於中醫藥產品與生物制藥產品的替代關系，參考國外和國內的生物制藥企業戰略發展模式，尋找東北地區的中醫藥企業戰略聯盟的有效途徑。
  15. A basic way to determine the phonemes of a language is to see if substituting one sound for another one results in a change of meaning

    確定一種語言的音位的一個基本途徑是，看如果用一個語音代替另一個是否會產生不同的意義。
  16. The paper blazes new trails in two aspects : first, it brings the common way of marketing abroad products into further utilizing abroad resource to create one ' s own brand, which is a further development of agency system in the trend of globalization of economy. second, from a market point of view, after analysis of cosmetic market, it finds a way in which using product instead of service provided by beauty parlor to ensure the service more standardized and popularized

    本文在兩個方面進行了創新：一是將普通的代理國外產品進而發展為利用國外的資源，創建自己的品牌，是對代理制在經濟全球化趨勢下的進一步發展;二是從市場角度對化妝品市場進行的分析后，找到一種運用產品替代服務的途徑，使服務更能實現標準化和普及化的途徑。
  17. To add ", and improving the sales channels " after " high quality and safe " ; to delete " and " before " ; to add " tourism and vacation, " after " leisure and recreation, " ; to delete " meet " after " so as to " and substitute with " cater for " ; and to delete " public " after " the needs of the " and substitute with " market ; taking vigorous actions to conserve the territory s precious marine ecological resources, such as the waters around the soko islands i. e. tai a chau and siu a chau where there are rich marine ecological resources and habitats of chinese white dolphins and finless porpoises, so as to ensure the sustainable development of the fisheries industry ; and enhancing retraining to assist employees in various sectors of the agriculture and fisheries industries, such as production, transport, slaughtering, wholesale and retail, etc, and allocating additional resources to assist them in resolving problems in starting businesses or securing employment during the course of transformation "

    王國興議員動議下列修正案：在"優質和安全的"之後加上" ，並改善銷售途徑"在"六"之前刪除"及"在"休閑康樂"之後加上"旅遊度假"在"路向，以"之後加上"適"在"應市"之後刪除"民" ，並以"場"代替及在緊接句號之前加上"七以積極行動保護本港珍貴的海洋生態資源，例如擁有豐富海洋生態資源以及作為中華白海豚和江豚的棲息地的索罟群島即大小鴉洲水域，從而確保漁業的可持續發展及八加強再培訓幫助漁農業生產運輸屠宰批發零售等各環節的雇員，並增撥資源協助他們在轉型中解決創業和就業的問題" 。
  18. The secondary vocational education is the most direct and effective way to exploit human resources, which also plays an unsubstituted and indispensable role in fully implementing the strategy of relying on science and education to develop argriculture, enhancing the labour " s quality, promoting the process of urbanization, and transferring the surplus labour in rural areas

    而依靠科技進步，提高勞動者素質，開發農村人力資源是推動我國農村社會經濟增長的重要戰略措施。中等職業教育是開發農村人力資源的最直接最有效的途徑，在全面貫徹科教興農戰略，提高農村勞動者素質，推動農村城市化進程，轉移農村剩餘勞動力中具有不可缺少和不可替代的作用。
  19. Then, using recursive arithmetic calculated reliability indices for directory tree, the method was realized by vb program ; the other is a method of reliability evaluation by interval arithmetic, which is the use of interval arithmetic to evaluate reliability, and the computation theory is also given. during the calculation, interval number replaced the component " s parameter and it takes into consideration the uncertainty of all of the parameters. in the study of power distribution system configuration, a new configuration model is set up which takes into account simultaneously the losses minimization and system reliability, then improved genetic arithmetic is described detail and of advantage for solving this problem

    在配電網可靠性評估的研究中，提出了兩種實用的配電網可靠性評估方法：其一是利用網路分層和遞歸演算法理論，使用高級語言進行程序設計，提出了一種基於vb編程的配電網可靠性評估方法，該方法通過程序實現了網路拓撲結構的分層等效和可靠性指標的遞歸計算，使整個計算過程得到了簡化，並且界面窗口的可視化，使得評估過程便捷、形象；其二是提出了一種基於區間演算法的配電網可靠性評估方法，該方法是一種利用區間理論計算配電系統可靠性的不確定性評估方法；文章給出了區間運算的原理；討論了配電系統中區間數據的來源途徑，並用區間數代替元件的可靠性參數，對輻射形配電網進行了可靠性評估。
  20. The social practical activity, the most received moral educational way, plays a special role in developing moral character, particularly the moral feeling of college students

    社會實踐活動作為目前高校最受歡迎的德育途徑，對大學生的思想品德尤其是道德情感的培養具有不可替代的作用。
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