本金確定性 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [běnjīnquèdìngxìng]
本金確定性 英文
capital certainty
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 金 : Ⅰ名詞1 （金屬） metals 2 （錢） money 3 （古時金屬制的打擊樂器） ancient metal percussion instrum...
  • 確 : 形容詞1. （符合事實; 真實） true; reliable; authentic 2. （堅固; 堅定） firm
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 本金 : capital; principal本金數 capital sum
  1. Securitization of bank assets refers to combined management and investment activities in which commercial banks, by making use of the legally representable nature of their credit assets and other claimable credits, put certain assets into asset - pools, issue asset - backed securities backed by the assets in the pools in order to transform the illiquid credit assets into cash assets. then the asset - backed securities are entrusted. upon the expiration of the securities ’ terms, the underlying assets are realized to repay the principals and interests of the securities

    銀行資產證券化是商業銀行利用信貸資產和其他可主張的債權在法律上可被代表的特性，以確定的財產進入資產池為擔保發行資產支持證券，將沉澱的信貸資產變為現金資產，然後將該證券委以信託增值，在證券期滿時，變現擔保財產償還證券本息的一種組合經營和投資活動。
  2. Secondly, the paper brings out problems which are need to be solved as emphases by analyzing objectively the plant ' s cost control actuality, the existing problems and its reasons. the analysis indicates that because of high dependence on planned economy, exterior factors seriously restricting the reasonable price of fuel, the electrovalence being made by exterior, the deficiency of its interior mechanism and the big random of cost control, the enthusiasm that the plant manages and controls cost independently is badly hurt. thirdly, aiming at these leading problems, applying the present cost control theory and the main cost control methods of electricity enterprises both home and abroad, the paper designs and evaluates its cost control project at these aspects of productive technology, management, logistic control, financial management and the manpower cost, and lodges corresponding cost control project of every tache

    論文首先對當今國內外成本控制理論研究現狀和應用現狀進行了分析，包括成本性態分析、成本控制內容分析及成本控製程序與方法的分析，為論文研究打好了理論基礎；其次客觀全面地分析了永昌電廠成本控制的現狀和存在問題及其產生原因，其中包括計劃經濟色彩濃厚、外部因素嚴重製約燃料成本的合理配比、電價確定權在外，它嚴重挫傷企業成本管理與控制的自主積極性，也包括企業內部機制不全、成本控制的隨意性大等問題，這為本論文提出了需要重點解決的問題；然後針對永昌電廠在成本控制方面存在的主要問題，應用當今國內外成本控制的主要理論和發電企業成本控制主要方法，從生產技術、生產管理、物流控制、資金管理及人工成本等方面對永昌電廠成本控制方案進行了相對全面的設計和評價，提出相關環節的成本控制方案。
  3. The sole purpose of this trust will be to produce income to support designated staff and progrmmes which in the opinion of the trustees are within the aims and objects of the council as set out hereinabove such as providing staff, programs or projects to promote the coordination of social welfare activities, to initiate, develop or modify social welfare work programmes and services, to develop and prepare standards of same, to determine effectiveness, efficiency and economy of services, to promote or carry out social welfare research, to carry out public education in respect to social welfare, and to develop recommendations concerning social welfare to the government, but which staff and or programmes are not supported by government subvention or community chest funds

    信託基金唯一的目的是拓展收益，支持受託人認為符合本會的宗旨及目標之工作，如聘用員工、推行計劃、加強協調社會福利工作、發動、發展及改善社會福利（工作）計劃及服務，厘訂及保持福利服務的劃一水準，確定服務的效能、效率及善用經費，鼓勵及進行各種社會福利的研究，推行社會教育以促進市民對社會福利的認識，並因應社會福利問題向政府提出建議。但上述之指定職員及活動計劃須以未獲政府撥款或公益金資助者為限，信託基金的一切收益，須由受託人監管，不得動用作本會經常性開支。
  4. In order to overcome the incertitude and reduce the transaction costs, the enterprise ' s rational selection should be to solve the financial problem by the establishment of internal capital market ( icm )

    為了克服不確定性和降低交易成本，通過建立內部資本市場來解決資金籌集問題成為企業的理性選擇。
  5. The third part mainly analyzes four risks of house tenancy center and the corresponding managing measures. the part analyzes profit and free - rent period through discussing probability of house in - and - out quantity in profit risk, proposes the risk management measures of cash supervisory mechanism and selectivity financing in capital gap risk, putts forward the measures of liquidity gap forecast, improving credit and adopting different free - rent period in house liquidity risk, and introduces the credit swap to transfer leaseholder default risk

    本部分主要分析了房屋置業中心的四個風險，分別是收益風險，通過引入給定時間段內的房屋存貸量的概率分佈分析了房屋置業中心的收益風險和空租期的確定；資金缺口風險，並提出現金監理機制和選擇性融資的風險預防措施；房屋流動風險，提出流動缺口預測、提升自身形象、採用不同空租期的風險管理措施；承租人的支付風險，主要引入了信用掉期合同來轉移這種風險。
  6. Comparing with the basic financial instruments, the derivative financial instruments have the peculiarities as followed ( l ) the derivative financial instruments are depended on the basic financial instruments ; ( 2 ) the value of the derivative financial instruments showes an obvious fluctuation ; ( 3 ) the business of the derivative financial instruments attributes go credit business, which has leverage ; ( 4 ) using the derivative financial instruments can elude the risks in a certain extent ; ( 5 ) the derivative financial instruments have very supernal risks ; ( 6 ) the conformation of the derivative financial instruments is very complex, which is difficult to understand to common investors ; ( 7 ) the business of the derivative financial instruments showes dummy ; ( 8 ) the business of the derivative financial instruments showes uncertainty

    與基本金融工具相比，衍生金融工具的特點主要表現在： （ 1 ）衍生金融工具依存於基本金融工具； （ 2 ）衍生金融工具的價值具有明顯的波動性； （ 3 ）衍生金融工具的交易屬于信用交易，具有杠桿作用； （ 4 ）利用衍生金融工具可以在一定程度上規避風險； （ 5 ）衍生金融工具具有極高的風險性； （ 6 ）衍生金融工具的構造靈活復雜，難以為一般投資者理解； （ 7 ）衍生金融工具具有虛擬性； （ 8 ）衍生金融工具交易具有不確定性。
  7. The cox report says, " china great wall industry corp. determined that the root cause of the failure was a deterioration in the gold - aluminum wiring connections within a power amplifier for the follow - up frame torque motor in the inertial measurement unit

    《考克斯報告》稱， 「中國長城工業總公司確定失敗的根本原因，是慣性測量裝置中，隨動架轉矩電動機功率放大器內部金鋁合金線路連接處破損。
  8. The characteristics of home mortgages themselves determines that there will be poor liquidity of the assets and it is because of this that at present every bank closely restricts the term of the loan. a third defect is that there are large risks because the mortgage loan is a very long - term creditor ' s asset and the bank is faced with huge risks in the interest rates. in addition, credit risks will occur when the client losses their ability to repay the loan for any reason or when the client feels that the benefits of breaching the contract outweigh the losses and the bank, as the operator of the financial products as its main business, will promptly recover the mortgaged items

    儲蓄期限一般較短，而按揭貸款的還款期限較長，銀行長期資產與短期負債不匹配，就不能化解未來不確定性帶來的風險；二是資產的流動性和期限呈反方向變動，期限越長，流動性越低，住房抵押貸款本身的特性決定了其流動性較差，因此目前各銀行都嚴格限制貸款期限；三是風險大，由於按揭貸款是期限很長的債權資產，銀行面臨的利率風險就很大；另外，當客戶因某種原因失去償還能力或者認為違約產生的利益超過違約所產生的損失時，就會發生信用風險，而銀行以金融產品為主要業務，即使收回抵押物，但如何處置不良資產仍是諸多銀行頭痛的問題。
  9. It also puts forward logical explanations to a few facts that are still unable to be explained, up to now, by the classical consumption models. however, for the scholars in china, the cognition of the buffer - stock theory still remains at a superficial level of only providing simple theoretical introduction to it. a finer depiction and empirical application of it will not only facilitate studies on the related theories in china but also do great benefit to the development of the buffer - stock theory itself because china is admittedly one of the

    本論文的主要發現及創新包括:在理解和刻畫我國居民的預防性儲蓄行為時，緩沖儲備模型要優于以儲蓄水平量作為被解釋變量的模型;核密度估計方法對不確定性的描述更準確;從儲蓄率變化率的角度進行的格蘭傑因果關系檢驗證實了我國的居民存款儲蓄對經濟增長有推動作用;養老金的變化對我國居民儲蓄行為具有顯著影響，而我國現有的醫療保障體系沒有發揮其應該能夠發揮出的作用。
  10. The thesis constructs the system of civil compensate for environmental damage resulting from gene pollution in some aspects, such as liability principal, constitutive requirements, compensation principle, compensation range, compensation mode and certification of causality. the thesis thinks that some rules from traditional environmental tort should apply to environmental tort resulting from gmos, including no - fault liability, inferred causality and the inversion of the burden of proof. the thesis indicates china should found the funds for prevention of gene risk and create the system of funds for prevention of gene risk in some aspects, such as the mission of funds, resource of funds and operation of funds

    最後，本文認為，與傳統污染相比，基因污染有隱蔽性、增殖性、不可清除性和後果的不確定性等特點;基於風險防範原則和污染者負擔原則，從責任主體、構成要件、賠償原則、賠償范圍、賠償的類型、因果關系的鑒定等方面創造性地構建了gmos導致的環境損害民事賠償制度，主張傳統環境侵權中的無過錯責任原則、因果關系的推定和舉證責任的倒置等也應適用於gmos導致的環境侵權;鑒于傳統民事侵權賠償救濟的種種局限，本文強烈主張構建gmos損害賠償社會化救濟機制，即成立基因風險防範基金，並從基金的用途或任務、基金的來源和基金的具體運作等方面開拓性地建構了基因風險防範基金制度的雛形，設計了基因風險防範基金的兩個配套制度，即基因稅制和gmos強制責任保險制度。
  11. To properly make projects appraisal, staged investments analysis & intangible assets pricing involved in investments under uncertainty, this thesis, based on the real options thinking, sets up the notion models employing the decision - making tree analysis and the mathematical models by relative comparison and cash - flow analysis. cases are also included in the analyzing process. the main results are as the following

    本論文以實物期權思想為基礎，針對不確定性投資決策過程中的項目評價、階段性預算分析和無形資產定價三類問題，運用決策樹分析方法構造概念模型，綜合相對比較法和現金流分析構造數學模型，並結合算例進行評價分析，主要取得如下研究結果： 1
  12. " financial mathematics 、 financial project and financial management " con - stitute a significant research project specified by the national foundation of natural science of china ， in which option pricing theory is a problem of leading edge as well as a hot one. this thesis gives a new evaluation method on the important factor ? volatility, which has an important influence on the pricing of option, based on the research of option characters

    「金融數學、金融工程和金融管理」是國家自然科學基金確定的重大研究項目，而期權定價理論則是目前金融工程、金融數學所研究的前沿和熱點問題。本文在研究期權特性的基礎上，對影響期權定價的重要因素波動率給出了一種新的估計方法。
  13. According to the experiences with capital account liberalization in different countries, capital account liberalization and capital inflows surging in developing countries can promote the financial development ; meanwhile the economy in developing countries faces more and more indefinitude. the asian financial crisis in 1997, the financial turbulence in brazil and russia in 1998, the financial crisis in argentine in 2001, and the financial crises occurred in emerging market countries more frequently, seem to prove that, the stability of financial system in quite a few countries faces severe challenge, accompanying with the process of capital account liberalization. then, how could developing countries carry out the progress of capital account liberalization to ensuring the financial system stability

    對于具有相對健全的金融體系的國家來說，資本賬戶開放有助於一國金融體系效率的提高和金融體系規模的快速擴張，能夠減輕乃至消除資本管制的巨大成本，推動國內金融市場的進一步深化;但隨著資本賬戶的開放，國際資本流動帶來了巨大的負外部性，使一國宏觀經濟和金融體系中不確定性增加，將對一國銀行體系資產負債規模和結構產生負面影響，使本國金融市場更易受到波動，並且增加金融部門系統性風險，加大了金融監管的難度，這會對脆弱的金融體系形成沖擊。
  14. Furthermore, we take the pension funds management problem in liaoning province as an application, to determine contribution costs and rates to make the deficit punishment lowest and the optimal asset allocation in the planning period considering future returns of varieties of assets, wage change and the uncertainties of pension funds payment

    進一步以遼寧養老金管理問題為背景，考慮了未來各種資產收益、工資變動以及養老金支付的不確定性，確定出計劃期間繳費成本和赤字懲罰最低的繳費率和最佳的資產配置。
  15. Compared with the finance option, what the real option valuation face are the main problems as follow : the underlying assets can not be traded ; the value distribution does not follow gbm ; and the uncertainties are endogenous

    與金融期權相比，實物期權定價面臨的主要問題是基本資產的非交易性；資產價格分佈不遵循幾何布朗運動；以及不確定性來源的內生性等問題。
  16. The present financial report stresses great emphasis on the disclosing of the information of the tangible things, such as the storage of the goods, machine and other equipment ; while it fails to give full presentation of the financial information of the intangible things, such as knowledge, human resource and self - imposed honor in their selling practice. the present financial report fails to reflect the hazard and the uncertainty of the selling practice ; and it fails to fully reflect the performance of social responsibility shouldered by the enterprises ; it fails to give a complete solution of the problems of confirmation, evaluation and report of the derived commercial tools ; ft lacks the disclosing of the grouped information. the present financial report is set according to the general st andard, which can not successfully cater to the users of the financial information in their demand for diversity and specialty of the information

    現行財務報告偏重於揭示存貨、機器設備等有形資產的財務信息，而對知識資本、人力資源、自創商譽等無形資產的財務信息揭示不足；現行財務報告缺乏對經營業務風險性和不確定性的反映；不能全面反映企業所承擔的社會責任履行情況；不能完全解決衍生金融工具的確認、計量及報告問題；缺少對分部信息的披露；現行財務報告是標準化的通用報告，這難以滿足財務信息使用者對信息需求的多樣性和特殊性要求；現行財務報告計量基礎單一，不能完整地反映經濟現實；市場價值計量基礎的運用面狹窄；現行財務報告重法律形式，輕經濟實質；時效性不強等等。
  17. Secondly, i analyze the relationship between uncertainty and money demand and supply about technology, then attain the conclusion that money is the blockstone to innovation

    此為論文做了理論鋪墊。然後對技術創新不確定性和資金供求進行分析，指出資金是制約技術創新的根本。
  18. Even as the theoretical superiority is acknowledged, this paper highlights some of the areas of uncertainty in dcf calculations

    雖然折算現金流量法在理論上有其優越性，但本文將討論折算現金流量法在計算上的不確定性。
  19. The extensive, lasting international short - term capital flows into has risen the system fragility of bank in the developing country, increased the fluctuation and uncertainty of the financial market, aggravated the degree on the economic foamlization, limited the validity of monetary policy, and may cause the international payments crisis, thus make the financial system of the country in the non - balanced state of globalization

    大規模的、持續的國際短期資本流入使得發展中國家的銀行體系脆弱性上升，金融市場的波動性和不確定性增加，經濟的泡沫化程度加劇，貨幣政策有效性受限，並有可能導致國際收支危機，從而使國家的金融體系處于整體性的非均衡狀態。
  20. European banks believed the rule, which would require companies to value financial instruments at their market value ( which fluctuates ) rather than at their historic cost ( which is often zero ), would have caused too much volatility in financial accounts

    歐洲銀行認為，如果公司以市場價值（數值是波動的）為準估價金融工具，而不是採用歷史成本（經常折舊到零） ，會給財務會計帶來巨大的不確定性。
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