條約的解釋 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tiáoyāodejiěshì]
條約的解釋 英文
treaty interpretation
  • 條 : Ⅰ名詞1 （細長的樹枝） twig 2 （條子） slip; strip 3 （分項目的） item; article 4 （層次; 秩序; 條...
  • 約 : 約動詞[口語] （用秤稱） weigh
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 解 : 解動詞（解送） send under guard
  • 釋 : Ⅰ動詞1 （解釋） explain; elucidate 2 （消除） clear up; dispel 3 （放開; 放下） let go; be reliev...
  • 條約 : convention; treaty; pact
  • 解釋 : explain; expound; interpret; explicate; elucidate; tale
  1. Based on the frequent occurrence of international aerial crimes, the rampancy and cruelty of criminals and the reality of brutal consequence, the essay analyses the features of the crime of aircraft hijacking, the crime of imperiling international civil aerial security and the crime of obstructing international aerial navigation with the component terms from three important international conventions on punishing aerial crimes in order to help people to appreciate the appearance and the essence of typical international aerial crimes deeply, to regard the motion of the crimes and to overwhelm the offence forcefully. based on the core of the legislative status of international civil aerial security, the jurisdiction of the aerial crimes, one emphasis of the article is to clarify concrete clauses on jurisdiction in the three conventions and analyses the important principle of " aut reddere, aut punire ". based on the problems on the jurisdiction of crimes in international society, it quests the implementation of t he principles of jurisdiction, pleading and extradition in the three conventions deeply

    基於目前國際社會航空犯罪時有發生，犯罪分子猖獗狠毒，危害後果十分殘重的現實，本文從國際社會關于懲治航空犯罪的三個重要國際公約（東京、海牙、蒙特利爾公約）中規定的各種航空犯罪的定義入手，深入展開了對劫持航空器罪、危害航空器飛行安全罪、危害國際民用航空機場安全罪的犯罪特徵及其構成條件的分析，以期幫助人們更深刻認識這些典型的國際航空犯罪的表現及其實質，嚴密注視這些犯罪的動向，對其進行及時有力的打擊；鑒于國際民用航空安全法律地位問題的核心是解決航空犯罪的管轄權問題，本文重點闡釋了三個公約關于管轄的具體規定，並側重分析了「或引渡或起訴」的重要原則；鑒于目前國際社會打擊國際航空犯罪管轄方面存在諸多實際問題，本文對公約規定的管轄、起訴、引渡原則的實現方式作了深入探討；鑒于各國在國內立法上對于空中犯罪的懲治、對違約國的制裁、對這類犯罪的預防措施等方面存在一些漏洞，本文根據目前掌握的一些資料，在獨立思考的基礎上，提出了一些不成熟的看法及建議，以期對國際社會懲治航空犯罪貢獻自己微薄之力。
  2. The second chapter firstly expounds upon some principles of incorporation clause in the b / l under c / p at common law : a clause which is directly germane to the subject matter of the bill of lading ( that is to the shipment, carriage and delivery of goods ) can and should be incorporated into the bill of lading contract ; the ancillary terms / clauses of the charter - party could not be incorporated into the bill of lading unless these ancillary terms / clauses are explained by the specific words in the charter - party or in the bill of lading ; presumed intention of charter - parties should be found by the incorporation clause ; an incorporation clause is subject to the loading, carriage and delivery of the goods ; only charter - party terms, which are usual and reason, could be included in the bill of lading etc. - 1 - based on these rules i elaborate on some terms of the charter - party which often arise disputes, for example freight clause, dead - freight clause, demurrage clause and arbitration clause etc. could be incorporated into the bill of lading or not ; if could how these clauses should be incorporated into b / l

    第二章首先闡明英美普通法中對租約提單中併入條款解釋的幾大原則：與合約標的事項直接關聯的原則； 「附屬性條款」需有效合併的原則；合併條款要尋求雙方訂約的意願；合併主要是針對與貨物運輸和貨物交付有關的內容；合併的條款必須公平合理等原則。然後根據這些原則，具體闡述租約中容易產生糾紛的條款，如運費條款、虧艙費條款、滯期費條款、仲裁條款等條款能否併入提單，如何併入提單的問題。在具體說明的過程中，也闡述了我國海商法的規定及實務中的做法，並盡可能對其進行分析，指出其中不完善之處，並試圖提出一些改進的方法。
  3. Explain what a suzerain - vassal treaty was in the ancient near east

    解釋什麼是在古老近東的宗主附庸條約。
  4. And it is hereby declared that the words “ company ” and “ corporation ” in this clause except where used in reference to this company, shall be deemed to include any partnership or other body of persons, whether incorporated or not incorporated, and whether domiciled in hong kong or elsewhere, and further the intention is that the objects specified in each paragraph of this clause shall, except where otherwise expressed in such paragraph, be independent main objects and be in nowise limited of restricted by reference to or inference from the terms of any other paragraph or the name of the company

    特此聲明：本條所用的詞語「公司」和「企業」除了用於指本公司以外，也可指任何其他合作關系或團體，無論單獨或聯合，無論是香港還是其他地方，本條上述各款所具體規定的宗旨應作為本公司獨立和不同的宗旨，對其不應作限制性解釋而應盡量擴大解釋，或從本公司的名稱所作的推論而受到任何限制或制約。
  5. This dissertation applies the fundamental theory and international convention provisions regarding interpretation of treaties, introduces mainly the method of case - study, addresses the interpretation system of the wto, examines the specific application of customary rules of interpretation of public international law in the wto dispute settlement, analyzes the function of the judicial interpretation and existing problems, puts forward the proposals for supervising, and probes into the legal status of the judicial interpretation

    本文應用國際條約解釋的基本理論和國際公約關于條約解釋的規定，主要採用案例研究的方法，分別闡述了wto的條約解釋體制，考察了wto爭端解決中對國際公法解釋習慣規則的具體應用，分析了這種司法解釋的作用、存在的問題及監督建議，並探討了這種解釋的法律地位。
  6. 2. this paper analysed the game model of income distribution with incomplete contract. the nash - bargaining solution of income distribution, conflict points and the types and their solutions of income distribution ' s disequilibrium were discussed

    2 、分析契約不完全性條件下利益分配的博弈模型，對收益分配的nash解、沖突點、分配失衡的類型及對策也作出解釋。
  7. Neither the bank, its associates, nor any of their directors, officers or employees, shall be liable to the customer for any expenses, loss or damage suffered by or occasioned to the customer by reason of any action taken or omitted to be taken by any one or all of the bank, its associates, their directors, officers, employees or agents pursuant to these conditions or in connection therewith other than as a result of the fraud, wilful default or negligence of the bank, its associates, their directors, officers, employees or agents ; the bank s failure in good faith to honour any stop - payment instructions given by the customer ; the presentation to the bank of any cheque or other payment order which is post - dated ; the bank failing to honour any draft drawn on it by the customer, but the bank shall immediately return such draft to the customer through the normal channels giving the reason for the dishonour ; any loss, damage, destruction or misdelivery of or to the securities howsoever caused unless the same shall result from the negligence of, or theft by, the bank or its associates or any of their directors, officers or employees, in which event the extent of the liability of the bank shall be limited to the market value of such securities at the date of discovery of the loss and even if the bank has been advised of the possibility of such loss or damage ; unauthorised use or forging of any authorised signature as a result of the negligence, wilful default or fraud of the customer ; subject to condition 5. 5, any act or omission, or insolvency of, any person not associated with the bank including, without limitation, a third party nominee or depositary ; viii the collection or deposit or crediting to the custodian accounts of invalid, fraudulent or forged securities or any entry in the custodian accounts which may be made in connection therewith ; any malfunction of, or error in the transmission of information caused by, any electrical or mechanical machine or system or any interception of communication facilities, abnormal operating conditions, labour difficulties, acts of god, or any similar or dissimilar causes beyond the reasonable control of the bank and notwithstanding paragraph, the error, failure, negligence, act or omission of any other person, system, institution or payment infrastructure

    本行其聯系人士其各董事高級人員或雇員均毋須向客戶因以下理由而使客戶蒙受或產生之任何開支損失或虧損負責： i本行其聯系人士其董事高級人員雇員或代理人根據此等條件採取或遺漏採取有關之行動，但由於本行其聯系人士其董事高級人員雇員或代理人之欺詐行為故意失責或疏忽所造成者除外ii本行本真誠地未能依約替客戶執行止付指示iii向本行提交任何遠期支票或其他付款指示iv本行未能兌現由客戶開出之匯票，但本行將立即透過正常渠道將該匯票退回客戶，並解釋拒付之理由v無論如何導致之任何證券之損失損毀毀壞或錯誤交付除非上述各項乃因本行或其聯系人士或其任何董事高級人員或雇員之疏忽或盜竊所引致，而在該等情況下，本行的責任將只限於在發現損失當日該等證券之市值，以及即使本行已獲知該等賠償之可能性vi因客戶之疏忽故意失責或欺詐行為而導致的任何偽造授權簽名或不獲授權使用該簽名vii在第5 . 5 a條之規限下，與本行無關者之任何行動或遺漏或無償債能力包括但不限於第三者代名人或寄存處viii代收或存入或貸存於保管人賬戶的無效偽造或假冒證券或在保管人賬戶記入可能與此有關之賬項ix任何電子機械或系統失靈或因該等機件或系統產生的資料傳送錯誤或任何通訊設施之終斷不正常操作情況勞工問題天災或非本行所能合理控制之任何類似或非類似原因及x盡管有第ix項，任何其他人系統機構或付款設施的錯誤故障疏忽行動或遺漏。
  8. In chapter 3, we first provide a new perspective on the efficiency difference between soes and nses with the new theory of the anticommons. then we prove that the rapid growth of nses have not only reduced the proportion of soes in the economy and affected the latter ' s profit and productivity rate, but also have relaxed many restrictions disturbing soes reform, which helps to further improve the property rights reform of soes

    我們首先用反公共品理論對非國有企業同國有企業的效率差異給出了一個新的解釋，然後通過理論和實證分析證明，非國有企業的快速發展不僅減少了國有企業的市場份額，影響了其利潤率和生產效率，而且還通過放鬆改革的約束條件，促進了國有企業產權改革的提速。
  9. After have systematically studied sequence stratigraphy of chagan depression, a analysis method of high precision sequence stratigraphic framework in fault - depressed lacustrine basin. the core of the establishing framework is exploration - significant identify of sequence, division of 2, 3, 4, 5 grades sequence and analysis of base - level based on lithologic log or well - logging, high - resolution seismic inversion constrained to well data. then using the results of 2d seismic data, and interpret sequence to enhance the precision of interpretation

    斷陷盆地高精度層序地層格架建立的核心是用鉆/測井和井約束條件下的高解析度儲層橫向預測剖面等高解析度資料進行具有勘探意義的二、三、四和五級層序的界面識別、層序劃分和基準面變化分析，在此基礎上標定常規地震剖面，進行區域層序地層分析，達到提高層序地層解釋精度的目的。
  10. The courts try to apply the canon of the consistent interpretation to avoid the conflicts between the treaties and the domestic law

    在特定案件中，美國法院往往盡量適用一致性解釋方法來避免條約與其他國內法淵源的正面沖突。
  11. And in which way international shipping practices serve an explanatory and supplementary part for conventions, laws and contract clauses

    國際航運慣例又是如何對公約、法律、合同條款起解釋和補充作用的呢？
  12. Subject to provisions of the act but without prejudice to any indemnity to which a director may otherwise be entitled, every director or other officer or auditor of the company shall be indemnified out of the assets of the company against liability incurred by him in defending any proceedings, whether civil or criminal, in which judgment is given in his favor or in which he is acquitted or in connection with any application in which relief is granted to him by the court from liability for negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust in relation to the affairs of the company

    根據法案的規定? ?但該條款對于任何一位公司董事（或領導，見後面解釋）可能以其他方式應獲得的賠償沒有任何偏見（見後面解釋） ? ?每一位公司的董事或其他主管人員或審計員，對於他進行訴訟辯護中? ?無論是民事訴訟，還是刑事訴訟? ?所帶來的債務，應以公司的資產進行賠償，只要該訴訟的判決為此人勝訴或被判無罪，或此人與任何被法庭判定他免於承擔與公司事務有關的任何瀆職、違約、失職或違反信託義務等責任的申請有關。
  13. It follows from this that the arguments based by the applicant on the special circumstances which explained why the rate in force on 15 march 1973 for the approval procedures of vehicles manufactured in the united states was applied in error to the approval of vehicles which were manufactured in europe and which were the subject of parallel imports into belgium are irrelevant as regards the legal existence of the infringement

    原告基於特殊情勢來解釋為什麼在1973年3月15日時適用於美國產汽車的批準程序的價格被錯誤地適用於歐洲產的汽車的主張，以及平行進口至比利時的目標與違反條約的法律存在是沒有關系的，就是從這個客觀標準而來。
  14. Chapter i at first explicitly interprets and defines treaty, judicial enforcement and the other relevant important basic concepts in the title

    第一章首先明確的解釋和界定論題中所涉及的條約和司法執行以及與之相關的重要基本概念。
  15. Therefore, the issue of the interpretation of the wto agreements is undoubtedly a central issue of the dsm of the wto

    因此，對wto條約的解釋問題，無疑是wto爭端解決中的一個核心問題。
  16. We know that most of the wto members are developing countries, who play a very important role in the disputes settlement process. since developing countries are not as strong and powerful as developed countries, in trade war they will be in a disadvantageous state. while the dsb especially the appellate process provides a good opportunity for developing countries to solve disputes with developed countries on a comparatively fair base

    簡單介紹了上訴機構成員特別是來自發展中國家成員，分析了由於發展中國家的參與，上訴機構成立以來對wto很多法律問題，如條約的解釋、舉證責任、復審標準、私人律師在爭端解決機制中的代表權等程序性問題和實際做法作出了裁決。
  17. Unless the terms or context of this contract otherwise provide, this contract shall be interpreted in accordance with, and each of the terms used herein shall have the meaning ascribed to it in schedule a

    除本合同條款另有約定或上下文另有所指，本合同的解釋規則及本合同中所有相關用語的定義見附錄一。
  18. Certainly these conclusions are not wrong but because some supposes are violated. our purpose is to find out the restraint condition to explain the economic phenomenon of china, and it can be used to direct the practice and policy making when the theory is perfect

    當然這並非證明結論真正有誤，而是其前提假設中有些假設被違反，我們的目的就是找出這種約束條件以解釋中國的經濟現象，待理論成熟后並可以指導經濟實踐與政策制定。
  19. Chapter ii elucidates the rules of interpretation which the judicial interpretation of the wto shall follow, examines the specific application of customary rules of interpretation of public international law in the judicial interpretation of the wto, and examines respectively the specific application of the interpretative elements, methods and principles including the term ' s ordinary meaning, context, subsequent agreements, subsequent practice, relevant rules of international law, object and purpose, effective interpretation, good faith, the preparatory work of the treaties, the circumstances of its conclusion and the special rules for interpretation of treaties authenticated in two or more languages in the practice of the judicial interpretation of the wto and makes relevant comments on these specific applications

    第二章闡述了wto司法解釋應遵循的解釋規則，考察了wto司法解釋對國際公法解釋習慣規則的具體應用，並分別就wto司法解釋實踐對用語通常意義、上下文、嗣後協定和嗣後慣例、國際法有關規則、目的和宗旨、有效解釋、善意解釋、準備資料和締約情況以及對不同語言作準的條約解釋的特殊規則等解釋因素、方法和原則的具體應用作了考察，並對這些具體應用作出了相應評述。
  20. Firstly, by reference to the indefinite notion of general clause, the thesis assigns a quasi - source - of - law status to the internal regulations of contract in view of their pursuit, discovery and rising to the adjudication regulations of specific cases by the judge ' s interpretation

    本文首先藉助於一般條款這一不確定概念，把契約的內在規范通過法官的解釋去尋找、發現，將之提升到具體案件的裁判規范當中，使其具有準法源地位。
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