機率選樣 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [jīlǜxuǎnyàng]
機率選樣
英文
probability sample-
They are jinfo mountain in nanchuan county ( natural protection section ), wuling mountain in qianjiang county ( national emphases forest demonstration county which forest cover rate is beyond 50 % ) and zhongliang mountain in beibei county ( artificial destruction is very grave ). some main land use patterns i. e. woodland, garden, infield, abandon infield, shrub and grassplot are selected in those three sample sites. four aspects on soil fertility index of karst environment under different land use patterns in these three sample sites, are revealed in this paper, by using the field test, indoor measure and analysis, outdoor experiment and field investigation, and the knowledge and technique of soil, ecology, physics and chemistry etc. they are physical characteristic ( effective soil thickness, organic layer thickness, soil texture, water - stable aggregate and soil water etc. ), chemical fertility ( organism, omni - n, omni - p, omni - k, alkali - nitrogen, available p, available k and rapid available k etc. ), soil animalcule ( bacteria, fungi, actinomyces and their grosses ) and soil - seed - pool ( plant community diversity index ) in karst ecosystem
本研究以重慶市的南川金佛山（自然保護區） 、黔江武陵山（國家重點退耕還林示範縣，森林覆蓋率50以上）和北碚中梁山（遭人為破壞嚴重）典型巖溶區為對象，選擇了幾種重要的利用方式，包括林地、果園、耕地、棄耕地和灌草坡，採用野外巖溶生態調查和室內試驗測量分析相結合的方法，以不同土地利用方式巖溶土壤肥力為重點，對不同土地利用方式土壤肥力特徵進行量化分析，找出巖溶土壤肥力差異的主要方面及其根本原因，論文主要從土壤剖面物理退化指標（有效土層厚度、有機質層厚度、質地、團聚體、水分含量等） ，化學肥力退化指標（有機質、全n 、全p 、全k 、堿解n 、速效p和速效k等） ，樣地土壤微生物指標（細菌、真菌、放線菌數量及總量）以及樣地土壤種子庫植物群落多樣性等4個方面對重慶典型巖溶區的土壤肥力特徵進行了較為詳細的分析研究，為巖溶地區士壤資源的合理利用及結構的調控管理提供依據。Using the net assets per capital, the investment return rate, the t - m model, the h - m model, the single factor evaluating model which consists of the treynor index, the jensen index, the sharpe index and the square m index, we evaluate the performance of the twelve mutual funds. and we come to the following conclusions : ( 1 ) after the modification of the risk factor, our mutual funds in the recent one year outguess the market ; ( 2 ) better performance comes from the aid of the government, the improvement of the investment environment and the hard, smart work of the managers especially in the way of selecting some securities in the capital market. ( 3 ) though we make progress, there are still many problems which prevent the further development of our mutual funds such as the devise of the management fee and the characteristics of different funds, all of them divided into the subjective ones and the objective ones
通過使用投資基金單位凈資產和投資收益率指標、單因素整體績效評估模型，包括treynor指數、 jensen指數、 sharpe指數和業績的m ~ 2測度以及t - m 、 h - m模型對12隻樣本基金進行實證研究，實證研究表明： （ 1 ）經過風險調整后，在最近的一年中，我國證券投資基金的業績總體上優於市場基準組合； （ 2 ）基金業績的提高得益於管理層的重視、投資環境的改善和基金經理的經營，而基金經理的良好業績是通過一定的證券選擇來獲得的； （ 3 ）已成為證券市場上舉足輕重力量的基金在發展過程中雖然取得了一定的成績但其進一步發展還面臨著許多問題，有主觀存在的諸如管理費率的設定、基金風格方面的問題等等，也有客觀存在的諸如證券市場現階段的不完善等等，所以，我們應該抓住《證券投資基金法》問世帶給基金業發展的契機，大力促進證券投資基金規范發展，採取各種措施做大、做優和做強基金業。The results indicated that the dimension, shape and purity of base material could meet the functional demand of solid lubricant ; the thermal decomposition temperature of ptfe resin exceeds 400 c, but organic and inorganic packing filler added in ptfe made the water absorption rate of composite material increased, melting temperature and decomposition temperature decreased, in the meanwhile oxidative decomposition reaction was accompanied ; polar groups such as c = o, c - o - c and so on in the carbon fiber surface is advantageous to increase compatibility with other components and interlayer shearing strength ; uniform design experimental method could help to find the relationship between formula and frictional property by relatively small tests. the developing trend of each formula ' s friction coefficient could be showed by fitting curve ; the friction coefficient with no copper powder or graphite in formula was relatively big. this fact showed that copper powder and graphite should be used cooperatively ; it was found that when the ratio of copper powder to graphite by weight is 15 : 60, 30 : 30 - 40 and 60 : 15 - 30 respectively, the friction coefficient was relatively small. the degree of crystallinity of pure ptfe reached maximum by air cooling and the abrasion loss also reached maximum among three ones ; at the same time, the abrasion loss of solid lubricant sample was also the biggest among three ones ; when solid lubricant matched with 45 # steel axle or gcrl5 steel axle, lubricant transfer film could be formed on metal surface, thus direct contact between the surface of metal friction pair rings was reduced. their working life was elongated extremely ; there was mainly much graphite, a little ptff, moo3, feso4, cus and so on in lubricant transfer film
試驗結果表明：所選原料的尺寸、形狀及純度可滿足固體潤滑劑的性能要求；聚四氟乙烯樹脂熱分解溫度超過400 ，但在ptfe中加入無機填料會使復合材料吸水率提高，熔融溫度及分解溫度降低，且伴有氧化分解反應；碳纖維表面含有c = o及c - o - c等極性基團，有利於提高其與其它組分的相容性，提高層間剪切強度；均勻設計試驗方法能夠用較少的試驗次數找出配方與摩擦性能間的關系，擬合曲線基本能表示各配方的摩擦系數發展趨勢；配方中不加銅粉或不加石墨，其摩擦系數均較高，說明銅粉和石墨應該配合使用；當銅粉15份、石墨60份時，銅粉30份、石墨30 - 40份時，銅粉60 、石墨15 - 30份時，摩擦系數均具有較低值；純聚四氟乙烯樹脂在空氣冷卻時結晶度最大，磨損量也是三者中最大的；同時，固體潤滑劑試樣在空氣冷卻時的磨損量也是三者中最大的：不論是固體潤滑劑與45 #鋼軸配副或是固體潤滑劑鑲嵌入銅套后與gcr15鋼軸配副，在金屬表面均可形成潤滑轉移膜，從而減少金屬摩擦副表面間的直接接觸，大大延長其使用壽命;轉移膜中主要含有較多的石墨、少量聚四氟乙烯、 moo 。( 9 ) by studying matching between catalytic converter and exhaust gas system, the conclusions having been gotten as follow : " purifying step by step and driving step by step " and " mental substrate and chinaware substrate being used in same engine " being the laying principles in exhaust gas system, which can solve the contradiction between high converting efficiency of exhaust emission and small loss of power, fuel economics, the rapid light - off and laying difficulty of catalyst
（ 9 ）進行了催化轉化器與排氣系統的匹配研究，對于催化劑的布置，提出了「分級凈化，逐級推動」的原則；對于載體形式的選擇，提出了「金屬載體和陶瓷載體復合」使用的原則。這樣可以良好的解訣催化轉化器與發動機匹配時，排氣污染物高凈化率與動力性經濟性損失小之間的矛盾、快速起燃和結構布置困難的矛盾。So this paper tries to solve these problems through the following work : first, we select some index to valuate the close - end funds, including income, stability, risk in falling, stocks selecting ability and tuning ability, based on overseas funds valuation methods and domestic market condition ; second, we analyze the stability of all index and form two styles index, which are f and other bad stability index ; then, we form the valuation system, including two - layers index, which are p and factor score ; last, we use this system to analyze the close - end funds which came into existence before 2000 and get the final comparative result. the main intention of this paper is to create the system of valuating close - end funds in our country, which is comprehensive and objective. in my valuation system involving the period from 2000 to 2003, the funds as a whole performs inferior to the stock index
首先，對國外理論界經典成型的、以及前沿的基金評價指標和評價方法進行了詳細的分析，並結合我國的基金市場狀況，選取了可以衡量基金收益、穩定性、下跌風險、股票選擇能力、時機選擇能力等量化指標；其次，根據我國基金分析的需要，採用了諸如基金交易價格、換手率等二級市場表現指標；然後，對這些指標進行了時間延續性分析，檢測這些指標在運用到我國基金市場時能否有效預測基金未來表現，從而形成了兩類指標：時間延續性很好的s _ p和時間延續性不好的其它所有指標；再次，在以上工作的基礎上形成了由兩個層面的指標構成的我國證券投資基金評價體系： s _ p和因子分析中綜合因子得分值；最後，選取了我國2000年1月1日前成立的23隻封閉式基金作為樣本，並同時採用上證a股與深成a股兩個基準組合進行了3年樣本期的實證分析，得出了最終的比較性評價結果。And that ' s why the lottery sucks : not only does it render the occasional duncan / robinson pairing nearly impossible, not only does it reward poorly run clubs like the hawks ( 103 games under. 500 since the 1998 - 99 season ), it encourages also - rans to bottom out once they suffer some bad luck because they know it ' s their best chance to eventually contend
這就是選秀制度的弊病所在：不僅將使原本很難出現的鄧肯/羅賓遜組合成為泡影，也給像老鷹這樣經營不善的球隊提供了額外獎賞（自1998 - 99年以來，他們低於50勝率的場次已經達到103場） ，它還鼓勵那些「常敗將軍」在一旦遭遇厄運就放棄賽季，因為他們知道只有這樣，他們才能得到與其他強隊競爭的最佳機會。This design keep the twice frequency transform and the superheterodyne structure in analog receiver, and use programmable direct digital synthesizer ( dos ) in rf section. use this method, we can not only inherit the advantage of high sensitivity and high selection in traditional design, but also improve the automation of the equipment
該方案保留了原模擬接收機二次變頻的超外差結構，在射頻前端利用了可編程的數字頻率合成器（ dds ） ，這樣既繼承了原接收機的高靈敏度，高選擇性的優點，又提高了它的接收機自動化特性。When the frequency of input signal is high enough, we could n ' t capture it by real - time sampling. in this situation, the only choice is equivalent - time sampling. we reconstruct signal with several random sampling series by multi - trigger
當信號的頻率足夠高時，實時采樣技術已經不能滿足要求，唯一的選擇是採用等價采樣技術：通過多次觸發，用多個隨機采樣序列重建信號。In this paper, a new control strategy based on the adaptive deadbeat voltage space vector is presented. this control scheme has a lower sample frequency and a smaller difference between switch frequency and sample frequency. it has many advantages, such as producing zero vectors organically, tracing exactly, non - shaking, etc. and its dynamic response is better
對于電能質量調節器來講， pwm跟隨指令參考信號的控制性能在很大程度上影響著裝置的補償效果，本文選擇無差拍電壓空間矢量控制為系統控制策略，這種控制方法具有采樣頻率低，開關頻率與采樣頻率的差距小，能有機地產主零矢量、跟蹤精確以及無抖振等優點，動態響應快。A choice has also to be made between probabilistic ~ techniques ( such as random or stratified ~ ) and non - probabilistic ~ techniques ( such as judgmental, quota or convenience ~ )
另外要在兩種取樣方法中進行選擇，是選概率取樣法（例如隨機或分層取樣）還是選非概率取樣法（例如判斷取樣、定額取樣或方便取樣） 。This thesis probes into design of microcomputer system taking single chip microcomputer as central, anti - interference, security segregate and design of interface circuit etc. furthermore, the option to cycle of sampling various frequencies examine signals is also analyzed and it was utilized in the examine system. thus, the dependability and stability problem of the microcomputer examine system of hydraulic resistance testbed have been solved better, make this test a modern techniques and practibility is good
本文在以單片機為核心的微機系統的設計、介面電路設計、抗干擾技術及安全隔離技術等方面進行了較深入的研究，分析了不同頻率檢測信號采樣周期的選擇，並在檢測系統中得到了應用，較好地解決了水阻試驗臺微機檢測系統的可靠性和穩定性問題，使得該試驗臺技術先進、實用性好。In this paper, we first analyze the input and output as well as cost - benefit rate of chinese livestock industry by the example of hog, beef, mutton and dairy cow. then, we choose the samples from different regions in different time, use the stochastic production frontier suggested by battese and coelli ( 1992 ), which is aimed at the panel data ( balanced or unbalanced ), and make the econometric analysis for the growth of hog, beef, mutton, and dairy cow. different from the former research for livestock industry, the efficiency measurement theory is introdiced into the growth model and the tfp is dissolved into technical advancement, technological efficiency and residual, the translog production function is used to make the estimation more precised
本文首先以生豬，肉牛、肉羊和奶牛為例對近年來我國畜牧業的投入產出和成本收益狀況進行了分析，然後採用battese和coelli在1992年提出的針對混合數據（ paneldata ）的隨機邊界生產函數形式，在不同地區選取一定的樣本，利用樣本省的時間序列與截面混合數據，對生豬，肉牛，肉羊和奶牛的增長因素進行了分析，與以往對于畜牧業增長研究不同的是，將效率測算理論引入生產增長模型，把全要素生產率分解為技術進步、技術效率和殘差項，並採取了更加符合實際的超越對數函數形式，使傳統上使用的索洛余值法得到改進，更深層次的剖析了我國畜牧業目前的增長方式。Based on comparison of several motor candidates, doubly salient permanent magnet ( dspm ) motor is a good choice for it ’ s outstanding performance. similar to conventional drive system, dspm brushless dc motor ( dspm - bldcm ) is composed of dspm motor and it ’ s controller. the controller is made up of three - phase full - bridge inverter, driver, dsp control unit and etc. for high power system, every switch of three - phase inverter is actually made up of four mosfets in parallel
在充分考慮國內外不同的液壓泵電動機的基礎上，本文選用了雙凸極永磁電機作為整個系統的電機本體，並配以電動機控制器（控制器包括三相橋式功率變換器、驅動電路、 dsp主控單元、電流采樣及預處理和位置采樣及預處理等主要部分）組成整個液壓泵電動機系統。This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory
本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。In addition, the author puts forward that the eggs could be recognized based on the difference in the frequencies of their prompted sounds. because the eggs " prompted sounds are lied on low frequency bands, the microphone and sound amplifier that have excellent duration response should be used. the output signal from the sound amplifier is transferred to data signal by a / d card before it is put into computer
蛋品激勵出的聲音主要集中在低頻段，因此選擇在低頻段有好的頻率響應特性的麥克風和放大電路；放大輸出信號通過a / d採集板變換成相應的電壓數值信號送入計算機，對離散的信號數據進行傅立葉變換得到它的頻譜圖和各頻段能量分布圖；而後將能量分佈特徵數據作為神經網路的輸入值，這樣，好蛋和破損蛋的模型就建立起來。Taking non - finance chinese listed companies in a share securities market as the example, the paper applies statistical and metric method, rational analysis and empirical evidence to study the existing situation of the debt maturity structure and its impact factors and determinants. with the help of spss, the paper analyzes 656 sample companies ’ financial data from 1998 to 2004 to describes the debt maturity structure ’ s existing situation, while applies their financial data from 2001 to 2004 to analyze the determinants of debt maturity structure. in order to analyze the impact of trade and economic developing level, the paper employs 1164 non - finance companies ’ finance data of 2003 and the data of china statistical yearbook ( 2004 ). the paper also uses one - way anova and stepwise regression to help the empirical evidence
其中，分析中國滬深a股市場中上市公司債務期限結構現狀時，選取了656家樣本公司在1998 - 2004年這七年間的財務數據;在綜合分析公司成長機會、公司規模、資產期限、公司質量、實際稅率和非債務稅盾等因素對中國a股市場中上市公司債務期限結構的決定性時，僅選取了上述樣本公司在2001 - 2004年這四年間的相關數據;分析行業特徵和經濟發展水平對我國債務期限結構的影響時，採用了2003年滬、深a股市場中1164家分佈於12個行業門類的非金融上市公司為研究對象，同時，還運用了《中國統計年鑒2004 》中相關數據。Choosing hanzhong region as investigating region, the species of acridoidae as object, by the means of systematic research, location research, seasonal research and full - scale research, the student studied the biodiversity of acridoidae in hanzhong according to the results of analysis and clustering by use of software tools such as excel and spss on the biodiversity indexes including species richness index ( ds ), shannon - wiener index ( h " ), simpson index ( a. ) and pie index, and pielou index ( e )
本研究以漢中地區為研究范圍，以蝗總科acridoidae昆蟲對象，通過系統調查、定點調查、季節調查和全面普查等為研究手段，應用excel電子表格和spss等工具軟體對調查數據進行聚類和分析，選擇物種豐富度指數、 shannon ? wiener信息多樣性指數（ h 』 ） 、 simpson優勢度指數（ ） 、 pielou均勻度指數（ e ） 、種間相遇機率（ pie ）和物種多度等多樣性研究指標研究了漢中地區蝗總科生物多樣性。This course examines how randomization can be used to make algorithms simpler and more efficient via random sampling, random selection of witnesses, symmetry breaking, and markov chains
這課程研究如何用亂數並透過隨意抽樣、隨機選擇證物、破壞對稱以及馬可夫鏈使得演演算法更簡單和更有效率。The adaptive front - end has the adaptive ability for the magnitude and frequency of input signals. it can prefilter for the input signals, eliminate the useless signals, and improve the dynamic range of receiver system. it can lessen the burden of digital signal processing in the back - end of receiver, and improve the performance of receiver system
自適應接收機前端對輸入信號有自適應能力? ?頻率自適應和幅度自適應，這樣的前端就可將系統的接收中心頻率和帶寬自適應到輸入信號的頻率和帶寬，其實就是對輸入信號進行一次預分選、預濾波，剔除對接收系統毫無作用的信號;同時對大信號自動減小增益，對小信號增加增益，提高系統的動態范圍;而且可以對干擾信號進行壓制。Based on the characteristics analysis, through the discription of technological innovation enterprises knowledge structure variety, two kinds of efficiencies, structure rigidity ( flexibility ) and connection in the inside and outside, it describes choosing mechanism of technological innovation organization in view of environment factors which affect enterprise technology innovation organization choosing and provides a matching models between environment and technology innovation organization under network, finally, directed against dynamical competition, risk and uncertainties increasing characteristics under network, this paper provides a concrete design scheme of new innovation organization, based on the reality, this paper then analyzes the chinese technology innovation organization design
通過對網路環境下企業技術創新過程特性及一般規律的研究，論文從技術創新組織的知識結構多樣性、兩類效率、結構剛（柔）性和內外部聯接分析入手，結合對影響技術創新組織選擇的環境因素分析，得出網路環境下企業技術創新過程組織選擇依據與機理。基於此，論文提出企業技術創新組織與其環境的匹配模型，並針對網路環境下技術創新動態競爭、風險與不確定特性，進一步提出了新型技術創新組織具體設計方案，隨后從實際出發，論述了我國技術創新組織構造問題。分享友人