權變觀點 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [quánbiànguāndiǎn]
權變觀點 英文
contingency perspective
  • 權 : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] （秤錘） counterpoise; weight （of a steelyard）2 （權力） power; authority 3 （...
  • 觀 : 觀名詞1. （道教的廟宇） taoist temple2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 點 : Ⅰ名詞1 （液體的小滴） drop （of liquid） 2 （細小的痕跡） spot; dot; speck 3 （漢字的筆畫「、」）...
  • 權變 : adaptability in tactics; tact; adaptation to circumstances
  • 觀點 : point of view; viewpoint; standpoint; blush
  1. Perhaps the contingency approach emphasizes some elements that are worth special note.

    或許權變學派強調的某些觀點值得特別注意。
  2. Cluster analysis by upgma methods indicated that these five stocks might be divided into three clusters. results of rapd a nalysis suggested that extensive genetic diversity was detected in this species and the genetic divergence among stocks was relatively high ; upgma phylogenetic tree showed there existed three geographic populations of p. polyactis in the yellow sea and the east china sea, which supported the previous conclusion by morphological and ecological methods. part two : the genetic diversity between trichiurus lepturus and eupleurogrammus muticus random amplified polymorphic dna ( rapd ) technique was applied to 12 individuals from each species of the hairtail fishes trichiurus lepturus and eupleurogrammus muticus collected from the yellow sea

    50一2 . 44 ） ，群體內和群體間的遺傳變異比例分別為69 %和31 % ;群體間的平均遺傳相似度和遺傳距離分別為0 . 9139和o . q861 ;用非加權配對算數平均法（ unweightedpair - groupmethodofari山m七tiome即s ， upgma ）聚類分析的結果表明，所分析的5個群體可被分為3個地理群系，從分子水平上支持了過去有關學者把黃海和東海的小黃魚劃分為北中南3個地理群系的觀點。
  3. At the second of the paper, the writer researched zhang jiagang ’ s tves institution change and specially characterist, analyzes main and objective factors which affect this process, and make a objective summarize for zhang jiagang ’ s tves

    第二部分在概述張家港鄉鎮企業總體發展過程的基礎上，具體研究了該市鄉鎮企業產權變遷的整體過程及其階段特點，分析影響這一過程的主客觀因素，對該市集體所有制的鄉鎮企業產權變遷進行客觀的總結。
  4. Based on plenty of domestic and overseas documentation and accurate data about social security, this thesis utilizes a number of research methods, such as analysis, induction, assumption, comparison and historical materialism, etc. in expounding the significance and methods of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security in an all - round way from the following four aspects of expatiating on the fundamental issues of social security and the evolution track of china ’ s rural social security, exploring the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, analyzing the so - called social security function of rural land, demonstrating the significance and routes of building the legal system of china ’ s minimum living security and social endowment insurance for rural residents, so as to reveal that the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security lies in the long - term social structure system of compartmentation between urban and rural areas, which is typically characterized by attaching more importance to industry than to agriculture, drawing profits from agriculture to accelerate industry ’ s development, by studying historically the predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, to disclose the serious reality that currently most of farmers lack social security and indicate the great significance of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security by refuting the argument that rural land can provide social security function, to clarify the necessity and feasibility of constructing the legal

    本文運用了分析、歸納、假設、比較和歷史唯物主義等研究方法，藉助國內外有關社會保障方面的大量研究資料和翔實數據，從闡述社會保障的基本問題與我國農村社會保障制度的歷史演變軌跡、探詢長期造成我國農村社會保障制度困境的社會歷史根源、分析農村土地的社會保障功能以及論證構建農村居民最低生活保障法律制度與農村社會養老保險法律制度的意義和路徑四個方面全面論述了構建中國農村社會保障法律體系的意義和方法，目的是通過對我國農村社會保障困境的歷史性考察揭示造成我國農村社會保障長期積弱局面的社會歷史根源就在於我國長期實行的重工輕農、以農養工的城鄉分割二元社會結構體制，通過對農地社會保障功能觀點的批駁揭示當前廣大農民缺乏社會保障的嚴峻現實，指出構建農村社會保障法律制度的重大意義，通過對構建中國農村居民最低生活保障法律制度和農村社會養老保險法律制度的積極探索論證構建我國農村社會保障法律體系的必要性和可行性。總之，同是作為中華人民共和國公民，無論是農村居民還是城市居民都應該在社會保障方面享有同等的權利。國家不能人為地重工輕農、厚此薄彼。
  5. This advantage may not have been of as much importance formerly as it is today, because the financing has in many instances become extremely complex. furthermore, in modern civil law credit receiving has become the right of consumers

    由於作為個體社會成員的消費者處于相對弱者的地位，以及傳統民法中信用授受觀點的嬗變，決定了本文的研究主要圍繞著消費者信貸權利的保護展開。
  6. Knowledge value chain describes new ways of envisioning the strategic process, which states that business strategies cannot be effectively shaped without a deep understanding of the knowledge capability interdependencies between core activities along the value chain as a core capability of innovation, new product development ( npd ) always makes great contribution to organizational performance. this dissertation proposes a framework of the link between km process capabilities and npd performance aiming at identifying the key facilitators of npd and enabling companies to launch their products into market more successfully than their competitors. attempts are made to measure km capabilities in terms of knowledge acquisition and dissemination and to use the results of empirical study for leveraging an organization against its competitors in the context of npd

    本論文以文獻整理的研究方法，對既有的知識管理理論進行梳理；通過對十個較具代表性的知識管理理論框架的比較分析，以知識管理過程能力、知識管理基礎資源能力、知識管理應用能力及知識場為基石，構建了知識管理能力的框架模型；通過對產業結構為本觀點和組織資源為本觀點的比較分析，探討了競爭優勢產生的根源，創造性地構建了知識價值鏈模型，以解釋企業的核心能力；論述了以知識管理能力為主的組織特徵和相應的組織化能力匹配權變情況，即知識分佈與權力分佈的關系，分析了技術在知識管理能力領域的作用；以個案研究的方法探討了知識管理組織化能力和知識管理技術化能力；以實證研究的方法，對知識的獲取和擴散與新產品研發的績效互交關系進行了研究，以理解知識管理過程能力對業務創新產生主導影響的機制。
  7. Immediately it explores the reason of the blemish from three ways including traditional administration culture, unilateral cognition in human nature and the regulation of morals growing in order to further demonstrate the necessity of administration ethics by rule of law, using the method of the substantial evidence analysis. the fourth part retrospects the development of administration morals law in the ancient chinese, the development origin and development with present condition of administration moral system in the united states, the method of administration moral legalization of hong kong

    第一，說明了道德與法律的辯誣關系和協同性功能，行政道德建設要超越法制化的局限而進行法治化的建設，及法治化建設也需要制度建設，提出了旨在保障行政相對人及社會公眾基本權利的行政法制，本身就具有一種行政道德性；而恰恰是這種包含公平與正義等觀念的行政道德建設，也必然地要變為一種法治的觀點。
  8. To explore and make clear the background factor of the behaviors, the dynamic relationship and cause - effect relationship between organizational politics perceptions and consequential behaviors. this paper, based on the five theories related to power at different levels, personal perspective, strategy contingency theory, social exchange theory and structural theory. there appear several problems in the development of key disciplines and processes of crossing and assimilating of subjects, including system tie, the character of scientists, the problem of administers, which influence the development and construction of subject, through abstracting, summarizing and based on “ swot ” analytical model from the theory strategic competition by michael baud, we divide organizational politics behaviors in the organizational development of college subjects and crossing and assimilating of subjects into several sorts : including ( 1 ) offensive model ( 2 ) defensive model ( 3 ) strengthening model ( 4 ) shrinking model

    為探索和理清重點學科組織政治行為的背景因素，組織政治知覺與后續產生的組織政治行為的動態關聯性與因果關系，本研究以五種不同層次與權力相關的理論，即個人特質理論觀點（ personalperspective ） ;策略權變理論觀點（ strategycontingencytheory ） ;沖突理論觀點（ conflicttheory ） ;社會交換理論觀點（ socialexchangytheory ） ;結構化理論觀點（ structurationtheory ）為基本理論依據，將重點學科學科發展以及學科交叉與融合過程中出現的諸如體制束縛、科學家自身素質、管理層問題等影響學科建設與發展的共性現象進行提煉、總結，並依據「邁克爾?波特」的戰略競爭理論學說中的「 swot 」分析模型，將大學學科組織發展及學科交叉與融合中存在的組織政治行為進行提練歸類，分為（ 1 ）進攻型; （ 2 ）防守型; （ 3 ）增強型; （ 4 ）退縮型四類政治行為。
  9. Based on the view that tokyo must prompt changes regardless of the administrative structure at the national level, efforts have been made to decentralize power through the introduction of civil - military dual use of facilities at yokota air base, and by responding to the so - called trinity reforms aimed at ensuring greater administrative authority for local governments

    基於此觀點：東京必須促進變化而不必理會國家規定的行政結構，通過推行橫田軍事基地設施的民用軍用雙重功能，努力分散權力，實行所謂的「三位一體」的改革，目的是使地方政府擁有更多的職權。
  10. This paper ' s opinion is that although the shareholder right is associator right the stock transfer is in the color of substance right transfer. so use the principle of substance right transfer to explain and analyze the stock transfer ' s legal character and determine the force of the stock transfer is a effective method both in theory and practice

    本文的觀點是：雖然股權從性質上說是社員權，但就股份轉讓的過程而言更具有物權變動的色彩，因此，運用物權變動的理論和制度，解釋和分析股份轉讓的法理性質，研究和確定股份轉讓的效力，在理論與實踐上都是可行的。
  11. The 20 - page report, which was due to be officially released later in the day, represents the most authoritative science on global warming

    這份20頁的報告應在今天晚些時候正式發表。它代表了全球變暖問題最有權威的科學觀點。
  12. This article begins from the angle of management philosophy, and makes use of the basic opinions of marxism to carry out a vertical inspection to the developing history of management authority, then reveal the intrinsic developing logic of it. guided by the opinions above, i combine with the remarkable change of the contemporary social background, and put forward some useful suggestions to how to operate management authority in knowledge era correctly

    本文從管理哲學的角度出發，運用馬克思主義的基本觀點，對管理權威的演變歷史進行了縱向考察，並揭示出了其內在的發展邏輯。並以此為指導，結合時代背景的深刻變化，為知識社會中管理權威的正確運用提供了一些有益的建議。
  13. The purpose of this paper is to find out the characteristics of corporate restructuring and reorganizations under the background of strengthened supervision and improved accounting standards in 2001. using financial data on chinese public firms that had performed restructurings in 2001, this paper studies the impact of restructuring activities on firms " performance. it finds that performance of sample companies are better than the market average both before and after restructuring, but financial ratios does not improve obviously, what ' s more, the roe ratios even drop generally, which are very different from the characteristics during the past few years

    本文採用以財務數據為基礎進行評價的方法，對2001年上市公司資產重組進行研究發現，從資產重組的方式來看，收購兼并所佔比重最高，業績較好的公司偏向于選擇這種重組方式，而資產置換、股權轉讓仍為績差公司所青睞；從重組前後財務指標的變化來看，重組公司表現優於市場平均水平，但與往年重組公司當年業績即得到明顯提升不同， 2001年重組公司財務指標並未得到顯著提高，凈資產收益率更是全面下降，統計對比不支持上市公司利用資產重組調節公司績效的觀點。
  14. Business valuation based on modern economy is one of the most difficult and comprehensive professional work in asset appraisal, but also stands for the trend of the appraisal. as china implemented planned economy all the long in the past years, the concept of business value was proposed later than other advanced countries. the study on the theory and method of business valuation we made is relatively backward. all these lead to that we merely use cost method in practice. with the improvement of market economy, the validity of cost method is challenged. hunting for appraisal methods suitable for china circumstance has become more and more urgent. this thesis presents its own opinion on the adjustment of the basic frame of theory of business valuation. for the first time, it puts systems theory into the study of the theory base, and believes that the enterprise as a compound entity has higher efficiency than the sum of its constituent, and then proposes new appraisal assumption. aiming at the obscure understan ding, it analyses a group of conception related to business valuation. after giving a whole analysis and study, this thesis indicates the income approach which emphasizes earning - capacity of a enterprise should become the correct choice of china, and makes a further study on the origin - features and feasibility of this method

    植根于現代經濟的企業價值評估是資產評估中綜合性最強，技術難度最高的業務之一，也是評估業未來的發展方向，由於我國過去長期實行計劃經濟體制，企業價值概念的提出和運用時間較晚，缺少現代經營理念的積累，企業價值評估的理論與方法的研究比較滯后。本文試圖以理性分析和案例分析相結合的方法，系統研究和分析企業價值評估的基礎理論及其現實條件下，適應我國經濟發展的評估方法，以期為構建有中國特色的企業價值評估理論和方法體系做一些有益的探索。文章以企業價值評估的基本概念為起點，在對眾多關于企業性質的學說和理論觀點進行概括抽象的基礎上，指出了整體性、持續經營和盈利性是企業的重要特徵，依據企業的整體性運用系統方法闡明了企業的價值大於組成企業的單項資產價值之和，據此提出了反映企業價值評估特點的有機組合增殖假設；依據盈利性的特點，強調了企業價值評估的核心應為企業的獲利能力，而不是組建企業的成本；對企業價值、企業價值評估含義、特點的論述以及對相關概念的辨析表明了作者的個人觀點和文章的基本定位，而從評估目的入手劃分的以產權變動為目的的企業價值評估和以財務決策為目的的企業價值評估與企業價值評估的假設、評估核心共同決定了評估方法的選用。
  15. In your view, what impact did such transformations have on power dynamics between women and men

    就你的觀點，男女之間權力的改變又帶來什麼樣的沖擊？
  16. In china, registration enjoys the power of determining the change of real property is valid or not. but this regulation is not based on the principle of public notification, but on administrative management, and legislation not mentions the registration public trust

    對於我國現行的登記制，筆者提出了自己的觀點：不動產權屬登記是不動產物權變動的生效要件，但這種規定的現實出發點是對不動產進行行政監督管理；理論邏輯出發點也不是從不動產物權公示原則出發的。
  17. Drawing some views from the philosophy conceived in yi jing, this paper discusses the contingency management theory from the visions of change, holism and process

    權變管理理論對組織的決策、計劃、領導等方面的作用越來越受到人們的重視，本文將結合《易經》哲學的一些觀點從變化觀、系統觀、過程觀等方面對權變管理理論進行探討。
  18. For the reason of validity to our research, we review the previous literatures and theories in different chapters. in chapter 2 and 3, we introduce the main issues of contingency theory and overview the literatures of management accounting system and management control system which based on contingency theory

    第二章、第三章是理解本文的理論基礎，主要介紹了與本文相關的權變理論的核心觀點，並討論了基於權變理論的管理會計系統與管理控制系統的研究文獻，對一些重要觀點進行了總結。
  19. This paper draws on both transaction cost theory and resource dependency theory to obtain the determinants of electronic integration in franchise systems, and then develop a model of five determinants : business process asset specificity, trust, transaction specific investment, net dependency, exercised power

    為了找出連鎖加盟體系之電子整合決定因素，本研究嘗試從交易成本理論與資源依賴理論觀點出發，從交易成本理論導出企業程序資產專質性、信賴度、交易專屬投資等變數；從資源依賴理論導出凈依賴性與權力運用等變數。
  20. It is important for local government to analyze and select government policies systematicly, contingently and integrately in order to improve local government functions on smes and improve local competition capabilities. function emphasis should be conducted according to requirement of smes. great breakthrough should be sought according to main restrict factors in local areas

    改進與加強地方政府對中小企業的管理，增強地區競爭力，要樹立系統觀和權變觀，綜合分析和選擇地方政府的管理職能；要根據中小企業的需求來選擇職能重點；要針對本地區較為突出的制約因素，尋求重點突破，形成良性互動；要以市場為導向，加快地方政府的改革與創新步伐。
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