法律功能性 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fǎlǜgōngnéngxìng]
法律功能性 英文
de jure functionality
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 律 : Ⅰ名1 （法律; 規則） law; rule; statute; regulation 2 （律詩的簡稱） short for lüshi 3 （姓氏） a ...
  • 功 : 名詞1 （功勞） exploit; merit; meritorious service [deed]: 戰功 military exploits; 立功 render me...
  • 能 : 能名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 法律 : law; statute法律保護 legal protection; 法律程序 legal procedure; 法律承認 de jure recognition （...
  1. Following are the main functions and effects of regional legislation : 1 the function of subdivision, i. e. regional legislation helps subdivide the fundamental regulations of the constitution and the laws ; 2 the function of complementarity, i. e. regional legislation is complemental to national legislation ; 3 the function of innovation, i. e. regional legislation can be regarded as experimentation to set up new social rules ; 4 the function of particular adjustment, i. e. regional legislation needs to flexibly adjust to special relationships of the local society ; 5 the function of power - control, i. e. regional legislation should provide legal guarantee and restriction for the regular running of the national departments

    本文從學理上分析、總結地方立法的功能、作用有：一是細化作用，即地方立法有利於細化憲法和法律的原則性規定；二是補充作用，即地方立法體現著對國家立法的補充作用z三是創新作用，即地方立法可作為創立新的社會規則的「實驗田」 ；四是特殊調節作用，即地方立法需要對本地區的特殊社會關系進行靈活的法律調整；五是權力控製作用，即地方立法要為現代國家機關的正常運作提供法制保障和約束。地方立法應當遵循的原則，決定著地方立法的發展方向以及地方立法作用的有效發揮。
  2. The first one is about the current situation and developing trend of market legal system construction ; the second part is about the convincible models for the legal regulation of market economy - necessary interference economic relationship ; the third part is about introspection and reconstructing of economic laws ; the forth part is about the analysis of macro - regulation rights and the construction of macro - regulation method ; the fifth part is on the definition of market regulation and the construction of market regulation laws ; the sixth part is about the enlightenment to china by the discussion of government ' s economic functions ; the seventh part is about the necessity and trend of judicial reform

    全文共分七部分。一、市場經濟法制建設的現狀與發展趨勢；二、市場經濟法律規制的認知模式? ?需要干預經濟關系論；三、經濟法學的反思與重構；四、宏觀調控權的解析與宏觀調控法的構建；五、市場規制的界定與市場規製法的構建；六、政府經濟功能的爭論對中國的啟示；七、司法改革的必然性與司法改革的走向。
  3. The text first defines the concept 、 character and feature of judicial cognition, at the same time, author compares judicial cognition with facts without proof 、 self cognition 、 deduction 、 prove duty etc, then defines the function of judicial cognition. the text fingers out that the philosophy foundation of judicial cognition is a entity of fortuity and inevitability, the realistic foundation is economic legal procedure

    本文在對司法認知的概念、特徵和性質進行界定的同時，對司法認知與免證事實、自認、推定、預決事實、證明責任等相關概念進行辨析，對司法認知的功能進行準確定位，並提出了司法認知的哲學基礎是或然性和必然性的統一，而現實基礎是法律程序的經濟性。
  4. This thesis will rely on previous studies of instructions on the general rules and language functions, and modification of teacher talk to carry on a multi - layer study on junior middle school teachers " instructions with aspect of linguistic forms and language functions in chinese efl classrooms. after study on the transcriptions of 30 lectures ( 10 lectures are given by in - service teachers, 10 lectures are given by pre - service teachers and 10 lectures are given by the winners in fine - quality classroom competitions ) of efl classroom of junior middle schools in china, the major findings are : ( 1 ) the teachers likely use some devices with respect to prosody ( temporal variables ), lexis, syntax and discourse to simplify and clarify the complex instructions to match the requirement of junior middle school students " listening comprehension. ( 2 ) there are about three factors that cause the ineffective instructions

    本文在前人的關于教師語言的調整，指令語及其表達功能的研究基礎上以何安平教授建立《中學英語教育語料庫（ mstm ） 》中的近17 . 7萬字的子語庫《英語課堂教學語料庫（ msee ） 》為研究語料，選擇了其中30節初中英語課為研究對象，對教師指令語的言語形式及其語言功能進行了較為深入的描述分析，發現： （ 1 ）在音律層面，中國中學英語教師習慣川停頓來放慢語速或在一些難詞之前做停頓以便達到讓學生理解的要求：詞匯層面，教師慣用一些表達方式來給指令語；句法層面，教師也是盡量用簡單句來簡化指令語；語篇層面，初中英語課堂上教師常用一些信號詞來起始解釋性指令語，並少用宏觀語篇標記詞來幫助學生理解，但卻常用微觀語篇標記詞來吸引學生的注意力。
  5. The paten protection consciousness and application strategy of the scientific research achievements in university with the innovation, the appropriation and the payoff, the patent is remarkably different from the achievements in scientific research

    摘要專利在新穎性、專有性、有償性等方面與科研成果具有顯著區別，專利可賦予相關技術產品占領和保護市場的功能，同時兼具強有力的法律權力。
  6. Based on extensive investigation of construction technique history of chinese ancient buildings, the structure method, structure developing history and seismic behavior of chinese ancient timber structure buildings are analyzed in several respects of the structural system and form. through a series of experiments on constituent parts of chinese ancient timber building structure, including the tests on the corbels and brackets called dougong subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on the wooden frame using the tenon - mortise joints as connections of column and beam subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on vibration isolation effect of friction and slippage between column footing and their socle base, and a series of shaking table tests on a chinese ancient timber structure palace building mode under artificial earthquake at serving conditions, destroyed conditions and reinforced conditions, many valuable results of structures such as moment - curvature hysteretic loops of dougong structure and tenon - mortise joints under low cyckc reversed loadings, the static function, the seismic performance, energy dissipation, vibration reduction, energy - loss mechanism, nechanicalmode and failure mode were studied. aplenty of valuable parameters of the structure system were obtained, such as the natural period of structure, vibration modes, damping ratio, factor of vibration isolation, oscillate amplitude of ineitial accebration, velocity and displacement, magnitude of slippage, and the mechanism of structure failure and collapse etc. based on these research, the complete analysis of ancient timber structure under earthquake were carried out in which including mechanism analysis method, calculating mode, strength analysis of members and joints, strengthening methods for serving damaged ancient timber structure buildings were also taken into account

    依照宋代《營造法式》建造了抬梁式殿堂木結構構件及結構模型，對中國古代木結構中的典型構造如：柱腳在礎石頂面平擱簡支、柱架榫卯連接、柱高不越間之廣、側腳、生起、斗拱等的構造機理及結構功能進行了量化分析和實驗研究： （一）通過木柱石礎靜摩擦試驗，測定了柱腳與石礎古鏡面間的摩擦系數及摩擦力隨上部結構荷載變化的規律； （二）通過單柱承載力試驗，測定了古建築中木柱的受力變形特徵、破壞模式、及模型材料的變形模量、極限承載力、極限變形等參量； （三）通過柱架低周反復荷載試驗，測定了柱架的抗側移剛度、柱架恢復力特性及滯回曲線、榫卯張角剛度及其變化規律、柱架及榫卯的極限承載力和極限變形、及榫卯減振參數； （四）通過斗?低周反復荷載試驗和受壓試驗，測定了古建築木構件與木構件間摩擦系數，斗?抗側移剛度，斗?恢復力特性及滯回曲線，斗?抗壓極限承載力及受力變形規律； （五）通過抬梁式殿堂間架模型振動臺試驗，測定了殿堂木構架結構自振周期，地震反應振形、阻尼特性及阻尼比；按結構分層特點對柱腳、柱頭和斗?層上的屋蓋的地震反應採用多點同步測量，對柱根滑移、榫卯變形、斗?的變形、復位、耗能減振參數等進行了定量分析。
  7. The mlap was modeled with different methods, then analyses the model with software. the result indicates that the geno3d model is good in stereochemistry and biology function

    結果表明用geno3d預測方法得到的結果比用其它方法的模型更符合立體化學特性和生物學功能的規律。
  8. The illegal environment of chinese security market, the governance defect of the listed companies and the imperfection of the self - disciplining organization are the main factors which lead to the low inevitable illegal cost of the lawbreakers, and the security legislation and judicature problems, the supervision defect and the blocked channels to the supervision by the media and the masses etc. are

    而導致我國證券市場違法的可能性成本較低的原因有：證券立法不完備；在司法過程中沒有全面發揮法律責任的功能；證監會角色定位模糊，監管理念不清；媒體和社會大眾對證券違法行為的監督渠道不暢等。
  9. Based on plenty of domestic and overseas documentation and accurate data about social security, this thesis utilizes a number of research methods, such as analysis, induction, assumption, comparison and historical materialism, etc. in expounding the significance and methods of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security in an all - round way from the following four aspects of expatiating on the fundamental issues of social security and the evolution track of china ’ s rural social security, exploring the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, analyzing the so - called social security function of rural land, demonstrating the significance and routes of building the legal system of china ’ s minimum living security and social endowment insurance for rural residents, so as to reveal that the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security lies in the long - term social structure system of compartmentation between urban and rural areas, which is typically characterized by attaching more importance to industry than to agriculture, drawing profits from agriculture to accelerate industry ’ s development, by studying historically the predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, to disclose the serious reality that currently most of farmers lack social security and indicate the great significance of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security by refuting the argument that rural land can provide social security function, to clarify the necessity and feasibility of constructing the legal

    本文運用了分析、歸納、假設、比較和歷史唯物主義等研究方法，藉助國內外有關社會保障方面的大量研究資料和翔實數據，從闡述社會保障的基本問題與我國農村社會保障制度的歷史演變軌跡、探詢長期造成我國農村社會保障制度困境的社會歷史根源、分析農村土地的社會保障功能以及論證構建農村居民最低生活保障法律制度與農村社會養老保險法律制度的意義和路徑四個方面全面論述了構建中國農村社會保障法律體系的意義和方法，目的是通過對我國農村社會保障困境的歷史性考察揭示造成我國農村社會保障長期積弱局面的社會歷史根源就在於我國長期實行的重工輕農、以農養工的城鄉分割二元社會結構體制，通過對農地社會保障功能觀點的批駁揭示當前廣大農民缺乏社會保障的嚴峻現實，指出構建農村社會保障法律制度的重大意義，通過對構建中國農村居民最低生活保障法律制度和農村社會養老保險法律制度的積極探索論證構建我國農村社會保障法律體系的必要性和可行性。總之，同是作為中華人民共和國公民，無論是農村居民還是城市居民都應該在社會保障方面享有同等的權利。國家不能人為地重工輕農、厚此薄彼。
  10. And a intelligent battery management system with full functions has been designed, which improved the management of charge and the estimation of residual capacity. the paper changed the current value of constant current charge - state, which current seems not constant during the working time, based on the three mice laws about battery charge. this change would increase the speed of charge, without harm to the battery

    同時本論文還設計了一套功能齊備的蓄電池智能管理系統，針對蓄電池管理中的充電管理和剩餘時間預測進行了改進，提出：在恆流充電時，根據麥斯三大定律，改變恆流充電時的恆流值，使恆流充電「不恆流」 ，而是根據放電的不同情況進行充電，充分提高充電速度，同時又不損傷電池活性物質；不再進行剩餘容量預測，而是進行剩餘時間預測，提供更加切實可行的信息，並且提出了一種簡單易行的剩餘時間預測的方法，給出了預測實驗的結果。
  11. It is held that the existence of second instance procedure depend on the benefit value and efficiency value of contentious procedure. section two emphatically analysed the systematic funtion of second instance procedure. it included mainly the relief capability and relief degree

    在第二節中，著重分析了第二審程序的制度功能，主要表現在對當事人提供事實的救濟和統一適用法律的救濟，並就救濟的必要性問題以及決定救濟能力和程度的具體方式問題進行了相應的研究。
  12. In this report, we mainly covered the following aspects of " tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ " : 1 ) procedures of tissue organd regeneration and replication and replication in clnical practice ; 2 ) the discover and existence of potentiald regenerative cell ( prc ) ; 3 ) the proliferation, differentiation and regeneration law of potential law of potential regenerative cells ; 4 ) study procedure on tissue organ regeneration and replication from prcs in vitro based on the model of full skin organ regeneration in situ after extensive in vitro, set up the method and technology of searching life regenerative substance required in tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ. in this study, first, the whole human body is divided into 206 function units, which are the " tissue organ " in regeneration study. then the histology foundation of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ is set up. in ordre to prove the existence of the potential regenerative cells and their potential baility and function, we established clinical tracking rechnique of skin organ regeneration in situ ; meanwhile, several tissue organ regeneration and replication in vitro models which represent different kinds of runctions were sucessfully set up, with all these techniques and models, we confirmed : 1 ) the existence, function and ability of pptemtoa regenerative cells ; 2 ) the importance of life regenerative substance ; 3 ) the feasibility of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ ; 4 ) the big value of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ in life science and medicine progerss. we also showed the possible foreground of capture cancer with this method and technologh. in this report, nearly 200 photographs of several tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ or in vitro demonstrated the whole process of tissue organ and big organ entities regeneration and replication from cells. the results of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ mainly include : 1 ) whole skin organ regeneration and replication in situ ; 2 ) gastrointestinal mucosa tissue organ regeneration in vitro ; 3 ) hair follicle tissue organ regeneration in situ or in vitro ; 4 ) never tissue organ regeneration in situ ; 5 ) pancreas tissue organ regeneration and replication in vitro ; 5 ) marrow tissue regeneration in vitro ; 6 ) renal glomerulus and tubule tissue organ tugeneraation in vitro ; 7 ) heart muscle regeneration in vitro, etcl. in order to let more and more people know and understand this technology of tissue organd regeneration and replication in situ, herein, for the first time, we publicize the key points of actualizing this technology. also, we publicized the technology procedures and the frame constitute of life substances. we bilieve this is a big contribution to human science

    本研究報告，重點報道了組織器官的原位再生復制的臨床程序，報道了組織潛能再生細胞的發現和存在，以及該細胞的增殖分化和形成組織器官的變化規律.以燒傷后皮膚組織器官的原位再生復制為模型，研究出了體外組織潛能再生細胞復制組織器官的培養方法;以體外組織器官的復制為模型，建立了尋找原位組織器官再生復制所需生命物質的方法和技術.本研究，首先按人體的器官功能，分解為206個功能單位，確立了所復制的人體器官中的組織功能單位為組織器官，從而建立了原位組織器官再生復制的組織學基礎.為了驗證組織潛能再生細胞的再生潛能，建立了皮膚器官原位再生的實體臨床跟蹤技術，同時又建立了能代表有關器官功能類別的代表組織器官的原位和體外復制模型，以多組織器官的成功復制確定潛能再生細胞的作用，確定生命研究再生物質的重要性，確定組織器官原位再生復制的可行性，確定了組織器官原位再生復制的生命科學研究和醫學進步的重大應用價值，同時展示了用此方法和技術攻克癌癥的前景.本研究報告，以近二百幅多個組織器官原位和體外再生復制的實體圖片，展示了潛能再生細胞復制的組織器官和大器官司實體;展示了細胞再生復制器官的全過程.真實的報告了組織器官原位再生復制的成果.所公布的主要成果為:皮膚器官的原位再生復制;胃腸黏膜組織器官的原位和體外再生復制;毛囊組織器官的原位和體外再生復制;神經組織器官的原位復制;胰腺組織器官的體外復制;骨髓組織的體外復制;腎小球小管組織器官的體外復制;心肌的體外復制等.為了讓更多的人學會和掌握組織器官原位再生復制技術，本報告首次公布實施技術的重要環節和技術流程;首次公布了生命再生物質的框架和組成.作者自費研究成果對人類生命科學的一大貢獻
  13. These measures include : make the system of securities laws to perfect, consummate the institutions of the legal person in the listed companies, base securities regulatory authority to regulate the securities market according to law, maintain order of the securities market and ensure the lawful operation of the same, reinforce continuing disclosure of information and the system of financial and accounting reports, make the listed companies shall immediately submit an ad hoc report on the details of such major event to the securities regulatory authority and to the stock exchanging and the same known to the general public, promote investors consciousness of protecting themselves and consummate the civil litigation mechanism to gain compensation and damages, make use of the press to supervise the stock market and reinforce punishment to the persons who act securities fraud

    在這些原則的指導下，本文提出了一套規制證券欺詐的具體法律措施.包括健全證券法律體系，做到證券欺詐的規制有法可依;完善上市公司的法人治理結構，建立完善的證券監管體系，尤其對證券業協會的性質、功能和職責從法律上給予明確界定以確保充分發揮證券行業的自律作用，最大限強化信息披露責任，嚴格會計制度，力求信度地避免證券欺詐行為發生;強化信息披露貢任，產格會計刷度，刀水侶息準確，披露及時;增強廣大中小投資者的自我保護意識，完善賠償訴訟機制;依法賦予新聞媒體輿論監督權，充分發揮新聞媒體監督作用;深入研究證券欺詐者心理規律，加強法律懲治力度
  14. Aiming at the actuality of advertisement in cities and the leaks in city building management, this article use urban design, environment behavior and other correlative theories, reference others harvests from many knowledge domains, to analyse in system the economic function of advertisements, influence space and environment of cities, effect on the vision and sentience of human being, advertisement scale in different dynamic states, different space and different nodes, the relationship between advertisement and city territory in different characters and different functions and so on ; to summarize the chief principles followed in the city planning ; put forward material design method. all of the work are for the sake of providing theory base for city designers, providing safeguard in law for city managers and providing rational goals and avenue for the improvement of habitational environment

    本文針對廣告在城市中的現狀，及建設管理中出現的漏洞，運用城市設計、環境行為學和其它一些相關理論，借鑒多個學科的研究成果，系統地分析了廣告的經濟作用，廣告對城市空間環境的影響，廣告對人視知覺的影響；不同運動狀態下的廣告尺度，不同空間、節點的廣告尺度、色彩；不同性質，不同功能的城市用地與廣告之間的關系等等；總結出廣告在城市規劃設計中所遵循的原則，提出了具體的設計方法，力求為城市設計者提供理論基礎，為城市管理者提供法律保障，為人居環境改善提供合理的目標與途徑。
  15. And the author believes that the essence of the legality is to govern by the constitution and the core of the constitutional government is the constitutional action because the constitutional action is the most significant regime that ensures the system of " rights checking power " and it is indispensable to the protection of citizens " basic rights. therefore, the studying of the feasibility of the chinese constitutional action possesses great theoretical and practical significance. firstly, it can enrich and perfect the present chinese judicial system and provide beneficial theoretical basis for the final establishments of the system of constitutional action

    因此，研究憲法訴訟在我國的可能性，具有十分重大的理論和現實意義：一是可以豐富和完善我國現有的訴訟制度，為憲法訴訟制度的最終確立，提供有益的理論依據；二是揭開憲法「高不可攀」的神秘面紗，彰顯憲法本來所具有的區別於一般法律、法規的特殊法律功能及其最高法律價值；三是為公民基本權利的實現，構築最終性的、最有效的程序屏障；四是可以為進一步深化司法體制改革指明方向，增強人們對司法體制改革的信心，培育法律信仰乃至憲法信仰。
  16. Part iii will analyze roughly the inherent defects in the independent director system brought about by the subjective and objective restrictions on the independence of a director. the main part of the thesis will be part iv - independent director system in china and part v - several thoughts on improving independent director system in china, to which the author has given her priority and preference. in these two parts, general discussions have been made on the emergency and necessity of introducing and establishing the independent director system in china, detailed discussions have been made on how legislation, implementation of laws, and supervision over the company activities can make sure that after its introduction and establishment, the independent director system can play its function and role properly in such a market economy as in our country and finally move forward the perfection of corporate governance of listed companies in our country to adapt our security market more to the opening to the outside world, to meet the challenge of wto and the needs to enter the international capital market, and to promote the fast and healthy development of our socialism market economy

    第一和第二部分詳細介紹了這一制度的產生背景、淵源及在世界范圍內的發展概況，獨立董事的地位和作用（尤其是著重剖析、介紹了其法律功能和選聘程序） ；第三部分簡要分析了董事獨立性的主客觀限制為這一制度帶來的固有缺陷；作為本文主要部分的第四部分「獨立董事制度在中國」和第五部分「對完善我國獨立董事制度的幾點思考」 ，是筆者用墨最多的一處，其中，除了泛泛而談在我國引入和建立這一制度的必要性和緊迫性以外，更多的是提出了如何從立法、執行和監管等環節確保這一好的制度能在引入和建立后，結合我國現有市場經濟的特點，真正發揮其應有的功效和作用，以最終達到推動我國上市公司治理結構完善，適應證券市場對外開放，迎接wto挑戰和進入國際資本市場融資的需要，促進我國社會主義市場經濟的快速健康發展。
  17. This paper bases on announcing the internal meaning and found basis of apl ' s basic principles and articulating the content, times context and law function of apl ' s basic principles in china, then combines some interrelated theory and practice of the foreign countries and also some disadvantages of the current procedure legislation in china, makes a concrete design of the interrelated systems that embody the apl ' s basic principles of china in order to make the content of chinese apl more operative and also provide a theoretic reference that can be used in making chinese apl

    本文在揭示行政程序法基本原則的內涵及確立依據，闡釋我國行政程序法基本原則確立的內容及其時代背景、法律功能基礎上，結合國外相關的理論與實踐以及我國現有程序立法的不足，對體現我國行政程序法基本原則的相關制度作了具體設計，以期使我國行政程序法典的內容更具可操作性，為我國行政程序法典的制定提供可資借鑒的學理參考。
  18. It is decided by the social function of morals, that is to say, the adjustment function, the education function, the autonomy function, the supervision of public opinion guide function and the law enforcement valid maintenance function decided it

    這是由道德的社會功能，即調節功能、教育功能、自律功能、輿論監督導向功能和執政合法性的維護功能所決定的。
  19. The thesis deals with the basic theories about right of subrogation, such as the concept, legal characteristics, nature and function of the right, and puts an emphasis on a deeper probe into the central question of exercise of right of subrogation, including conditions of exercise of right, ways to exercise right, subjects and objects of the right, validity of exercise of right of subrogation and so on, in the hope of making a breakthrough in traditional theory on right of subrogation and contributing to building the modern system of right of subrogation accords with our national conditions

    本文對代位權的有關基本理論，如代位權的概念、法律特徵、性質及功能進行了探討，並重點對代位權的行使這一核心問題，即代位權的行使條件、行使方式、代位權的主體和客體、代位權行使的效力等方面作了較深入的探討，希冀對傳統代位權理論有所突破並對構建符合我國國情的代位權制度有所貢獻。
  20. Joint development is therefore typically an optional alternative, adopted by concerned entities which are the states, for sharing deposits common to them, for functional purposes and on an interim basis

    共同開發具有任擇性、國家主體性、客體共享性、功能性和臨時性5大法律特徵。
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