熱力情況 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [rèlìqíngkuàng]
熱力情況
英文
thermal regime-
Abstract : apply computer simulation to the distribution pattern of air - flow without considering the cold condition of the combustion and compare the flow patterns under different designed circumstances. and the effect of the design of the partition in the air way of the burner on the flow and mixture of gas and air is especially studied. the result shows that the design of partition plays a very important role in strengthening the mixture of gas and air, but increases the loss of the resistance in the air way and the total pressure of the air way in same working conditions needs increasing
文摘:應用計算機模擬的方法，在不考慮燃燒的冷態情況下，研究了熱風爐燃燒室內的氣流分佈規律.在此基礎上，比較了2種不同設計方案的氣流流動特徵，尤其是研究了燃燒器空氣通道內阻流板的設置與否對空氣和煤氣的流動和混合的影響.結果表明，阻流板的設計對加強空氣和煤氣的混合有著極為重要的作用，同時也增加了空氣管道的阻力損失，在同樣的工況條件下需要提高管道系統的總壓力On the basis of expound the theory of building exterior - protected construction energy consumption and the gene of influence the building energy, set up mathematics model, this article discuss the mechanism of dispelling the heat of the buildings " thermal bridge and the complication that influence it, and then synthetic analysis and calculate the influence range of building thermal bridge in exterior - protected construction column thermal bridge to the building outer wall get the conclusion that when the construction column can satisfy the building stress - area, in bulgy construction column dispel less heating than out bulgy construction column. but if the pole stuck out more than 100mm, in bulgy or out bulgy make no difference
本文在闡述建築圍護結構耗熱原理以及影響建築能耗因子的基礎上，採用數值模擬方法，探討了建築熱橋傳熱的基本機理和影響建築熱橋傳熱的因素，進而對建築熱橋在圍護結構傳熱中的影響范圍進行了綜合分析和計算，研究了構造柱熱橋型式對建築外墻能耗的影響，得出了構造柱在滿足建築受力面積要求的情況下，內凸構造柱較外凸構造柱略能減少散熱量的結論，但是凸出過大（ 100mm ）無論內凸還是外凸對建築耗熱都沒有大的差別。Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet - parameter on evaporator. fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio - parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping
本文的主要內容如下： 1 ）對翅片管蒸發器結構特點進行分析，選取適當的微元控制體，就干、濕和霜工況下對每個微元分別進行傳熱傳質分析，基於經驗關系式確定霜的有關參數，對于霜工況下的霜生長建立模型，經適當假設，運用質量守恆、能量守恆和動量守恆方程建立適合動態模擬的蒸發器數學模型，為系統模擬奠定基礎； 2 ）對蒸發在大擾動下的開、停機過程，運用動態集中參數模型進行分析和計算，為更好地描述製冷系統運行的全過程奠定基礎，同時也為製冷系統實現自動控制提供一定的理論基礎； 3 ）對蒸發器正常運行過程，運用動態分佈參數和參數間定量耦合的觀點來分析和計算，為更好地了解穩態工況下各點參數的變化情況及各入口參數對蒸發器動態特性的影響即蒸發器性能對各參數變化的敏感性； 4 ）編寫翅片管蒸發器動態特性模擬計算程序，可以計算不同邊界條件和初始條件下的製冷劑熱力參數、空氣溫濕度和霜厚度分佈場，實現對翅片管蒸發器在干、濕和霜工況下的動態模擬。Numerical calculative simulation could factually reflect the dynamic characteristics of the whole equipment and inner flow and diathermancy of split - stirling crycooler. through the calculation, the velocity, temperature, pressure and other detailed information of airflow in any position inner the crycooler could be gained ; the distribution of each parameter could be confirmed and reasonable explanation for the experiment result could be made
數值計算模擬能接近真實地反映分置式斯特林製冷機的整機和內部流動、傳熱的動態特性，通過計算可以得到製冷機內部任一位置的氣流流動的速度、溫度、壓力等詳細信息，確定各參數的分佈情況，並可以對實驗結果做出合理的解釋。In this case, international hot money and idle fund flow into our country in a large amount, gamble the appreciation expectancy of rmb, become of our country foreign exchange reserve with foreign currency account for main reason that fund rise fast in recent years
近年來，由於中國宏觀經濟的良好態勢，以及中國對外貿易的巨大順差，使人民幣面臨升值壓力。這種情況下，國際熱錢與游資大量流入我國境內，賭人民幣升值預期，成為近幾年我國外匯儲備和外匯占款快速上升的主要原因。Mesoscale model simulations have been performed of a severe thunderstorm that occurred on 22 - 23 august 2001 in huabei area in china. combing with satellite, doppler radar images and general weather observations, the evolution mechanism of the severe thunderstorm is analysed with emphasis on the orographic effect of taihang mountain
將模擬的雲、風、壓場和降水與實況資料進行對比檢驗，在控制模擬效果較為理想的情況下，結合衛星、 doppler雷達觀測和常規天氣資料，對整個對流風暴的發展演變過程進行分析，並著重對強對流風暴發生演變的熱力、動力機制以及重力波特徵進行了研究。In agriculture, the " da yue jin " movement includes the great upsurge in production construction, the form implements innovation, the deep ploughing and intensive cultivation, the boast of high yield and the origin of the people ' s commun. in industry, the " da yue jin " movement emphasizes the importance of steal and iron, which requires all the people participate in the stealmaking activity enthusiastically and the collection of disposed steal and iron. in education, the " da yue jin " movement consists of the illiteracy elimination, the combination of study and work, the promotion of the sparetime education and the education reform
本文首先論述了「大躍進」運動前夕國際國內以及西安市的形勢，接著主要從群眾性的生產建設熱潮、農具改革、深耕密植、大放高產衛星以及人民公社的誕生等方面詳述了西安市農業「大躍進」的情況；在工業「大躍進」中，則論述了鋼鐵元帥開帳、全民大煉鋼鐵運動、大力收集廢鋼鐵、勞動力的流動等問題；教育「大躍進」 ，則從大力開展掃盲、學習和生產勞動相結合、 「兩條腿走路」大辦業余教育、教學改革四方面展開論述；商業「大躍進」 ，是分別從學習天橋經驗、支授工農業「大躍進」 、技術革命等方面進行了闡述。Ultimate stress increment is a hotspot problem in theory of unbonded partially prestressed concrete structure, however, according to design critera and the art of the state on this issue around the world, it is still not considered in reason that ultimate stress of unbonded tendons in prestressed concrete multi - span continuous structures varies with load cases
無粘結筋的極限應力增量一直是無粘結預應力混凝土結構理論中熱點問題，而從目前各國的設計依據及研究現狀來看，還沒有合理考慮多跨連續結構的無粘結筋極限應力隨荷載工況變化的情況。Results show that the influence of mainstream reynolds numbers on heat transfer coefficience is little and the heat transfer coefficience raise with the increase of reynolds numbers. the influence of the position of holes on heat transfer coefficience is complex and correlate with the mainstream speed and the balde surface curvature. and the influence of blowing ratio on heat transfer coefficience is more great ( especially to stator ), and show a complex relation to mainstream reynolds number and the position of holes
實驗結果表明，不同孔位出流的換熱由於孔排下游表面來流速度及葉片表面曲率的不同而有不同的規律，而主流雷諾數對葉片表面特別是壓力面和前緣區域的換熱系數比的影響較小，吹風比對換熱系數影響較大（特別是導葉） ，並且隨氣膜孔位置和來流雷諾數的變化而情況復雜。Although the accuracy in meterological forecast of tropical cyclones has been distinctly improved, it is still a difficult problem confronting masters and anti - typhoon team leaders of the companies how to steer clear of typhoon reasonably and safely in case that the actual resistance to typhoon is strong enough, the sea area wide enough, and the time permitting ; to avoid unreasonable deviation, anchoring for shelter, blindly rushing onto her path, being involved in storm area, even into the the center of typhoon ; under the limitation of the condition of the sea area and time. how to take correct meassures to escape, such as navigating with wind or windward in bias angle, slowing down, anchoring, berthing alongside the warf, mooring to buoy, etc. as early as possible
盡管氣象部門對熱帶氣旋監測預報的準確率已經比過去有了明顯的提高，然而船舶在海上如何避離臺風，如何做到在本船實際抗風能力允許、海域條件允許、時間也充裕的前提下合理避臺，安全避臺，避免不合理的繞航、 「扎風」 ，避免盲目冒進「搶風頭」 ，更避免被捲入強風區甚至臺風中心；在海域條件受限、時間尷尬的情況下又如何正確採取偏順航、偏頂航、滯航、錨泊、系岸、系浮等抗臺措施和技術，盡快擺脫臺風的影響，仍然是擺在船長和公司防抗臺領導小組面前的一個實實在在的難題。Aimed at tube curve by sun shining, it analyzes and calculates the instance of curve when tube up and down face have difference in temperature, and discourses upon it influenced degree to cannon firing accuracy. for hot spread asymmetry caused tube curve, it explains it ' s form cause. for irregularly hot stress acting tube curve, it stressfully analyzes effect of body tube wall thickness difference
重點分析了身管熱彎曲產生機理，針對太陽照射下的身管彎曲，分析計算了身管上下表面存在溫度差時的彎曲情況，論述了其對火炮射擊精度的影響程度；對于散熱不均引起的身管彎曲說明了其形成原因；對于不規則熱應力作用下的身管彎曲重點分析了身管壁厚差的作用。Thermal character of the exchanger was simulated during the frost time, considering both the frost model and the fan - coil performance curve under the engineering situation
將結霜模型和風機性能曲線聯合起來考慮，在更加切合實際的情況下，模擬了換熱器在結霜工況下的熱力性能。Though wide - band has been used widely, it ' s not wide enough to watch high - quality real - time video. futhermore, wiless communicaton has become a hot technology, it has limited band and unstable communication channel which result in high percentage of errorness in this situation, if people want to watch realtime video, it has high demand that video producer compress the video as small as possible when quality is good enough and receiver have ability of error resilience
另外，無線通信已經成為當前it領域的一個大熱點，對無線通信來說，帶寬就更加有限，並且傳輸線路不穩定，錯誤率高，在這種情況下，如果想通過無線網路在線觀看視頻，必然需要視頻發送端在保證質量的情況下對視頻進行盡可能的壓縮，同時提供強大的糾錯和抗錯能力。The numerical simulation of axisymmetric two - dimensional shock tube is studied, which has a conical convergent section, and its driving gas is the hot product of hydrogen oxygen detonation. finite volume tvd scheme is adopted and the mesh is local orthogonal. the primitive equations are euler s equations of multi - component flow. the new method of eliminating numerical oscillation at the interface of two materials is extended to two dimensions. the mechanical character of this shock tube is analyzed
對由前向爆轟產生驅動氣體並具有局部錐形收縮截面的軸對稱激波管利用兩相常比熱完全氣體的歐拉方程組和有限體積tvd格式在局部正交的網格上進行了二維數值模擬。將消除兩種介質界面處數值振蕩的新方法成功地推廣到二維情況。分析了該激波管的力學特性。Avoiding the difficulties of detecting the difficult parameters in furnace control and of building up the models, integrated with fuzzy control and conventional pid control, abb ’ s control it system is used to predict the bloom surface and center temperature directly based on the temperature of furnace wall easily to be detected so that the temperature settings in various furnace sections can be self - corrected, the furnace temperature of each section self - adjusted and on - line parameters of combustion control self - optimized. in addition, the heating parameters and the operating status of the field plant can be monitored with alarm
採用abb公司的controlit控制系統，避開爐子控制中遇到的困難參數檢測及建模困難等因素，直接根據容易檢測的爐壁溫度來推知鋼坯表面溫度及鋼坯中心溫度，將模糊控制技術與常規pid控制相結合，實現各段溫爐設定值自修正、各段爐溫自協調、各參數在線自整定的自尋優最佳燃燒控制;對熱工參數、現場設備的運行情況進行監視、報警，實現爐膛壓力、管道壓力、換熱器的保護控制，並將重要參數送往廠級mis網路。In the paper we mainly researched space gainp2 / gaas / ge high efficiency tandem cells " making process by home - made low pressure mocvd technology and new solar concentrators. firstly, we presented reseached and development of solar cells in china and foreign countries ; secondly, on the basis of fundamental priciples and theories, we discussed some factors of influcing conversion efficiency of solar cells, and analysed the i - v output feature of two - junction tandem cells ; then the design concept of gainp2 / gaas / ge two - junction tandem cells was discussed, the detailed aspects of gainp2 / gaas / ge tandem cells epitaxy growth by low pressure mocvd was studied, and some questions on epitaxy growth ( such as crystal qualities, interface stress, element interdiffusion, n - and p - type doping et all ) were solved ; after that, the cell fabrication process was described ; finally, we reseached the hot pressing and mould process technology of an arched line - focus fresnel lens made by pmma, designed and fixed new solar concentrators
本文致力於用自製的低壓mocvd裝置進行cainp _ 2 / gaas / ge空間用高效級聯太陽能電池製作的工藝以及聚光太陽能電池組件的研究。首先，介紹了國內外太陽能電池的研究現狀及應用情況；其次，運用太陽能電池基本原理討論影響電池轉換效率的因素，分析了級聯電池的伏安特性；隨后，討論了cainp _ 2 / gaas / ge雙結級聯電池的結構設計理念，研究了採用低壓mocvd技術生長cainp _ 2 / gaas / ge級聯太陽電池材料的工藝過程，解決了異質材料生長的結晶質量、界面應力、材料互擴散以及材料n 、 p型摻雜等一系列問題；然後總結了級聯電池的后工藝製作；最後，研究了以pmma為材料的菲涅耳線聚焦透鏡的熱壓成型工藝及其模具的加工工藝，設計並安裝完成新型聚光太陽能電池組件。The blade inner channel cooling is a complex convection - conduction coupling problem. this thesis build a three - dimension. compressible turbulence model, and give a general solve method. with the geometrical model of the glossily rectangle straight channel, the rectangle straight channel with in - line arrays disturb plates, the rectangle straight channel with staggered arrays disturb plates, the rectangle straight channel with slant disturb plates, this thesis compute the flow and heat transfer condition when the cold air path though these channels, and gain the temperature field, pressure field, velocity filed, in addition. this thesis also analyze the influence of the different channel height, the different channel materials, the different channels, and gain the function relation between he nusselt number, friction factor and reynolds number. this thesis is emphasis on the new heat transfer enhancement structure, that is, disturb plates, with the comparison with the glossily channel and channel with pin fins, the heat transfer enhancement effect of the former is better, and the conclusion can be used in the design of aircraft blade
葉片內部通道冷卻是一個復雜的對流?導熱耦合傳熱問題，本文在分析葉片內部通道冷卻的流動與傳熱情況的基礎上，建立了三維、可壓縮紊流的物理模型，得到了通用的求解辦法；利用不帶擾流片的矩形直通道、帶順排擾流片矩形直通道、帶叉排擾流片、帶傾斜擾流片的矩形直通道的幾何模型，計算了冷卻空氣通過這幾種通道時的流動與換熱情況，得到了各種不同情況下計算區域的溫度場、壓力場、速度場；在此基礎上分析了不同的通道高度、不同的葉片通道材質對葉片內部通道冷卻的影響，並整理得到了各種通道形式下，努謝爾數和阻力因子與雷諾數的函數關系；本文重點研究了新型的葉片內部通道冷卻強化傳熱措施?帶擾流片的內部冷卻通道的強化傳熱效果，通過與光滑矩形直通道、帶針肋通道的冷卻效果的比較，表明了這種新型鮚構的優勢，對于葉片內部通道冷卻結構的設計可以起到指導的作用。This thesis will put forward a new design project that aimed at discussing the packing sets of natural - draft counter - flow dry cooling tower, which is the research and application of the spray nozzle. the content mainly includes the experimental study of the application of the jnx - 01 spray nozzle in cooling tower, as well as the heating calculation
本文將針對自然通風逆流濕冷式冷卻塔中影響效率較大的淋水裝置提出設計改進方案，即旋轉式噴濺裝置的研究與應用，內容主要包括jnx - 01型節能旋轉式噴濺裝置及旋轉濺水碟式噴頭在冷卻塔上應用情況的試驗研究及熱力計算。According to experience of boiler - reforming, and the theory of transmit heat and hydraulics, the problems existing in the circulatory system and interior devices of hot - water boiler are analyzed, the methods of resolving the problems are proposed
本文根據改爐情況和傳熱學、水動力學的原理，分析了熱水鍋爐水循環系統及內部裝置存在的問題，並提出了解決這些問題的方法和措施。Dr lam said, " the decommissioning of the last tropical cyclone signal station at the end of 2001 symbolized the end of the era of simple signals. " dr lam remarked that warning signals alone were insufficient to decide on the most appropriate precautionary measures. he urged the public to take note of the prevailing wind conditions in different regions and the latest information on tropical cyclones issued by the hko before deciding on what actions to take
林鴻?說： 2001年底天文臺關閉了香港最後一個熱帶氣旋信號站，象徵簡單信息時代的結束。林鴻?表示單憑警告信號不足以決定最適當的預防措施，他呼籲市民應要注意各區的實際風力情況，及天文臺發布有關熱帶氣旋的最新消息，然後才決定採取最適當的措施。分享友人