熱參比物 的英文怎麼說

Newcastle disease virus ( ndv ) strain 695, a thermostable nature avirulent strain, were replicated in embryonated chicken eggsand its rna was extracted from allantoic fluid. referred to the reported sequence of f gene, a pair of primers were designed and synthesized. f gene of ndv b95 strain was amplified by rt - pcr, the pcr products were checked by agrose gel electrophoresis and purified by agrose gel fracion method

利用從國外引進的新城疫熱穩定性天然弱毒b _ （ 95 ）株接種spf雞胚繁殖病毒，經處理后提取病毒的基因組rna ，參考國內外發表的ndv融合蛋白基因序列，設計一對特異性引物，經反轉錄聚合酶鏈式反應（ rt - pcr ）擴增出約1700bp大小的特異性片段，將此片段回收純化后，利用t - a克隆技術將其克隆到pgem - t - easy克隆載體中，再轉化大腸桿菌jm109感受態細胞，轉化后經分子量比較、 pcr鑒定和酶切分析篩選陽性克隆。

Also the theoretical basis of the method have been checked through simple deducing simulation and the influences of various physical parameters on the method have been studied. it is shown that the method is theoretically reliable for the production oil wells without very high production rate and is more suitable in field production for oil wells ( i ) in area with bigger geothermal gradient ; ( ii ) producing fluids ( oil and water ) with distinguish thermal characteristics ; ( iii ) producing oil with lower heat capacity or water with higher heat capacity ; ( iv ) with good surface measurement accuracy, as well as the method h as certain requirements on the accuracy of the temperature and flowmeter logs sensors

就該產出剖面方法的理論基礎進行了簡單的正演模擬和可能影響該方法的各項物理參數進行了全面的考察，結果表明，該方法對于非高產的生產油井來說在理論上是可靠的，在實際生產中適合於（ 1 ） 、油井所在地區地溫梯度較大的油井； （ 2 ） 、油水熱特性差別較大的油井； （ 3 ） 、油比熱容值偏低水比熱容值偏高的油井； （ 4 ） 、井口計量精度較高的油井，並且對井溫測井和流量測井的傳感性精度有一定的要求。

In this article, technology process, the equipment, technology parameters are designed though listing an engineering instance which gasifying and generating electricity in demostration site by biomass in longjing city jilin province

本文對工程實例? ?吉林省龍井市合成利村生物質熱電聯供示範點的工藝流程、主要設備組成、工藝參數進行了比較全面的設計。

Based on the review, the fluid flow and heat transfer in the curved circular and rectangular pipes have been researched by employing perturbation method and numerical simulation with a physical model under the rotational orthogonal curvilinear coordinate in a rotating curvilinear pipe with multi - parameters. we firstly analyzed the fully developed fluid flow and heat transfer, mixed convection heat transfer, the development of flow and heat transfer in the inlet in different cross section ( circular, elliptical, annular and rectangular crossection ). the variations of the secondary flow, axial velocity, distribution of temperature, the friction force on the wall, the ratio of friction factor as well as the nusselt number with different dimensionless parameters had been examined in detailed

本文在總結和分析了一個世紀以來有關曲線管道流動和換熱特性的研究成果的基礎上，以旋轉正交曲線坐標系統下的多參數旋轉螺旋管道中的對流傳熱為物理模型，通過攝動方法和有限體積法，首次對各種截面（圓截面、橢圓截面、環形截面、矩形截面）旋轉曲線管道內充分發展流動的流動結構和傳熱特性（包括耦合對流傳熱特性）以及旋轉曲線管道開口段發展流動的流動結構和換熱特性進行了系統的數值模擬和理論分析，詳細討論了各種無量綱參數對管道內軸向速度分佈、二次流結構、溫度分佈、壁面摩擦力、摩擦系數比以及管道nusselt數的影響，獲得了若干創新性成果。

Products : rectifers, high silicon cast iron anodes, mmo anodes ( rod, tubularribbon ), titanium conductor bar, sacrificial anodes ( aluminum, magnesiumzinc ）, magnesiumzinc ribbon anodes, zinc grounding cell, reference electrodes, test postjunction boxes, thermite ( corrtech exothermic weld metal ) mold, cathodic protection system utilizing solar energy, cp data remote monitoring system, and other accessories

我們的產品：恆電位儀、高硅鑄鐵陽極、鈦基混合金屬氧化物陽極（帶狀、棒狀、管狀） 、鈦導電片、鋅合金陽極、鎂合金陽極、鋁合金陽極、鋅帶鎂帶、長效硫酸銅參比電極、高純鋅參比電極、鋅接地電池、陰極保護測試樁、鋁熱焊模具和焊劑、太陽能陰極保護系統、陰極保護參數遠程監測控制系統等全系列陰極保護系統配套產品。

Abstract : according to material and local heat balance in the blast furnace, refering to the result of oxygen enriched blast and coal injection into blast furnace and use of metallized burden, the influence of burden metallization degree on oxygen enriched - coal injection rate 、 coke rate and productivity is calculated

文摘:根據高爐物料平衡和區域熱平衡理論，參照高爐富氧噴煤和使用金屬化爐料的冶煉結果，計算了爐料金屬化率對富氧噴煤率、焦比和產量的影響。

Tar content in the gas was influenced by the gasification conditions, such as the gasification temperature, residence time of feedstock in the gasifier and the type of feedstock, which can help us to investigate the mechanism of tar production in gasification process. catalytic cracking of tar was performed in a downstream secondary fixed - bed cracker with dolomite, limestone and alumina brick as catalysts. by comparison, thermal cracking of tar was also performed with silica carbide

在固定床二級催化裂化反應器上，實驗了白雲石、石灰石、高鋁磚等幾種催化劑作用下的焦油催化裂化過程以及炭化硅作用下的熱裂化過程，並對裂化溫度（ 650 950 ） 、氣相停留時間（ 0 . 5 1s ）和催化劑類型等過程參數對焦油轉化效果和熱解煤氣的影響進行了分析，對各種催化劑材料的性能進行了比較，力爭開發出可適用於工業化生物質氣化系統的焦油催化裂化技術。

This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。

The calculation program using the matlab has been worked out to get the numerical solutions of the proposed models. the experiment has first been conducted in the laboratory to get the fundamentals thermal and moisture properties ( such as materials density, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity ) and also the material moisture absorption isotherms of adobe building materials. the methods of measuring the surface mass transfer coefficient and material moisture content have been proposed

首次對生土建築材料物性參數進行了實驗測試，得到了常用生土建築材料的密度、比熱和導熱系數等參數值，得到了生土建築圍護結構的等溫吸濕平衡曲線的擬合函數關系式；此外，研究了生土建築圍護結構表面質交換系數實驗測定方法，探索了利用電阻率測量生土建築圍護的安窪築科技人學博十學位論文結構內部含濕量的測試方法。

The results demonstrate that the theory predicted values of compression, bulk modulus, linear expansion, and thermal expansive coefficient of compressed solids are very agreement with the corresponding experimental data. in summary, the error with respect to theory prediction and its causes are pro bably analyzed in detail. the discussion suggests that the function of the phenomenological short - distance repulsive force constant a ( v ) and approximation for anderson - griineisen parameter 5t ( v ) proposed in this paper are valid and applicable in high pressures ( up to loogpa ) and high temperatures ( from debye temperature 0d to melting temperature tm ) for many types of solids

在本文最後一節，為了驗證固體在等壓過程中anderson grhneisen參量乓與體積膨脹的唯象假設：乓久w兀的有效性，及由此假設而推導出來的等壓態方程的廣泛應用性，本論文主要針對十六種堿金屬鹵化物、三種堿性氧化物、三種硅酸鹽礦物質的線膨脹八n 、體積熱膨脹v vo （ n 、熱膨脹系數a （ n 、體積彈性模量肘d等隨溫度的變化作了理論上的預測，且與相應的實驗數據作了比較與分析

The expression vector prep9 was employed for the effective expression of ugt1a9 in chinese hamster lung cells ( chl ). the cell lines established were used for the study of glucuronidation in vitro, and the drug metabolism characteristics were summarized. as has been indicated that ugt1a9 mainly glucuronide hydroxyl, compounds that have aliphatic or phenol hydroxyl were selected for substrates of ugt1a9

由於botiag主要催化羥基的們醛釀綴合反應，本實驗選擇具有不同結構類型的含羥基化合物作為底物，一類是羥基處于芳環的異丙酚和撲熱息痛，其中異丙酚是gylag的專屬性底物，可以作為活性比較的參照，另一類是羥基處于脂鏈的普莢訖爾和普羅帕酮

Aim : to analyze the mechanism, thermadynamic theoretical basis, dynamic mechanism and influencing factors of thermally induced phase separation ( tips ) in order to completely grasp the factors affecting the size, distribution and form of pores, so that the adjusted range of pore can be widened and the preparation of porous membrane can be repeated and controlled. methods : considering from the structural characteristics of tissue engineered materials, the methods of preparing porous membrane using tips technique, the hermadynamic theoretical basis, dynamic mechanism and influencing factors were analyzed, the problems and investigative directions in the future were also analyzed. tips technique is a process of phase separation of polymer homogenous solution under quenching, and it is suitable for diameter and structural form of the micropore materials prepared using tips are closely correlated with the kind and dispensing proportion of polymer attrnuant, polymer concentration and polymer molecular mass, etc. conducted, including determination of polymer - solvent system phase diagram, study of form and appearance of porous membrane of different thickness, study of form and appearance of porous membrane prepared with systems of different x, which is the parameter of polymer - solvent interaction

目的:分析熱致相分離成膜過程的機理、熱力學理論基礎、動力學機制以及影響因素，以便充分掌握影響孔度大小、分佈、形態的因素，使孔度調控范圍得以拓寬，使多孔膜的制備能重復可控.方法:從組織工程材料結構特點出發，分析熱致相分離聚合物多孔膜的制備方法及該法成膜的熱力學理論基礎、動力學機制以及影響因素.並分析實驗中存在的問題及今後的研究方向.結果:以熱致相分離法可制備聚合物多孔膜.熱致相分離法制備多孔膜是高聚物均相溶液在淬冷條件下發生相分離的過程，它適用於上臨界共溶溫度型聚合物一稀釋劑二元體系.熱致相分離法成膜的過程，可以認為是旋節線機理佔主導地位.熱致相分離法制備的微孔材料，其孔隙率、孔徑大小、結構形態與聚合物稀釋劑的種類、組成配比、聚合物濃度、聚合物分子量等因素密切相關.結論:可採用熱致相分離技術制備多孔膜，通過改變不同的成膜條件可獲得一系列不同孔徑尺寸和孔徑分佈的多孔膜材料.對熱致相分離成膜過程中聚合物-溶劑體系的相圖測定，不同厚度的多孔膜形貌研究，不同x （聚合物-溶劑相互作用參數）體系所制備的多孔膜形貌等需深人研究

The results indicate that drying thickness, radiant temperature and pressure of drying chamber are the most three significant factors. there ' s hardly any relationship between freezing rate and drying time, the sublimation drying time of slow freezing material is shorter than quick freezing one, but its desorption drying time is relatively longer, so the total drying time is approximately the same. the initial freezing temperature and freezing manner has little influence on vacuum freeze drying process

試驗表明：凍干厚度、加熱板溫度、系統的真空度是最重要的三個過程參數；凍結速率對總凍干時間沒有影響，慢凍物料的升華乾燥時間要比快凍物料短，但慢凍的解析時間相對較長，兩者的總凍干時間相差很小；初始凍結溫度對凍干過程的影響可以忽略。

By the numerical results basic physical processes of electrode erosion are investigated, the relations between eroded volume of electrodes and some characteristic parameters of electrode materials such as heat conductance, specific heat, melting point, boiling point and so on were obtained, and erosion - resistant capabilities of copper, tungsten and aluminum were compared

通過計算研究了電極燒蝕過程的基本物理圖象，得到了電極材料燒蝕量與材料熱導率、比熱、熔點、沸點等特性參數的關系，並比較了銅、鎢、鋁三種電極材料的耐燒蝕能力。

Exerting the model of two mechanism heat transfer, the formulation for heat transfer coefficient of liquid film which in smooth tube and equipped with spring inserts is given in this paper. heat transfer coefficient is presented which not only has relation to reynolds number, temperature difference, liquid characteristic, but also is greatly influenced by structure parameter of the spring inserts. experiments indicate the heat transfer coefficient of tubes equipped with spring inserts is 25 % higher than smooth tube

實驗表明，傳熱系數和液膜雷諾數、傳熱溫差、料液物性參數利彈簧插入物的結構參數有關，實驗條件下，安裝有彈簧插入物的豎管降膜蒸發液膜側的傳熱系數比光管的傳熱系數可高達25左右，但某些結構參數的彈簧插入物會造成傳熱的惡化。

I setted up the physical modele and calculation - domain for the conviction heat transfer enchancement by the longitudinal vortex, and did the numerical value simulation for the chang of the velocity filed and temperature filed which influnced by lvg. at the same time, i studied the generation develepment of the longitudinal and its mechanism for the heat transfer enchancement. by the analycise of the result, i got the pricipium rule of how the size, ratio corner and distence of the lvg have influence on the generation and develepment of longitudinal vortex, and gave out the relative construct parameter scope

通過對phoenics軟體進行應用開發，本文建立了渦旋強化換熱的物理模型和計算域，對擾流元作用下的流動速度場和溫度場的變化進行了數值模擬，研究了縱向渦旋發生發展及其強化對流換熱的機理。初步得出了擾流元的有關結構參數如總體尺寸、寬高比、攻角、間距等因素對渦流發生發展的影響規律，並給出了有關結構參數的取值范圍。

Taking into account temperature - dependent thermal conduction and heat capacity, a three - dimensional transient finite element model was established

摘要在考慮隨溫度變化而變化的熱傳導、比熱容等熱物性參數的作用下，建立了直接金屬多道燒結的三維有限元分析模型。

Thermo reference material

熱參比物

In cvd support method, carbon nanotubes were prepared with the supported fe catalyst on the regular mesoporous molecular sieve mcm - 41 by catalytic pyrolysis of c2h2. the author studied systematically the effect of different react conditions on the structure, property and thermal - stability of mcm - 41, and reached an optimum condition of prepared mcm - 41, whose mesoporous diameter was about 2. 9nm, with 0. 12 c16tmabr : 1teos : 0. 24naoh : 66. 7h2o under hydro - thermal condition

Cvd基體法制備碳納米管中，首先探索了不同反應條件對mcm - 41材料結構性能和熱穩定性的影響，優化工藝參數，結果發現水熱條件下反應物的摩爾配比為0 . 12c16tmabr ： 1teos ： 0 . 24naoh : 66 . 7h2o時制得的mcm - 41材料最適合用來作為催化劑基體材料，其孔徑大小為2 . 9nm左右。

Specific heat is one of the most important parameters in condensed matter physics

比熱是凝聚態物質最重要的宏觀參量之一。