物物交易所制 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wùwùjiāoyìsuǒzhì]
物物交易所制 英文
dumb barter
  • 物 : 名詞1 （東西） thing; matter; object 2 （指自己以外的人或與己相對的環境） other people; the outsi...
  • 交 : Ⅰ動詞1 （把事物轉移給有關方面） hand over; give up; deliver 2 （到某一時辰或季節） reach （a cert...
  • 易 : Ⅰ形容詞1. （容易） easy 2. （平和） amiable Ⅱ動詞1. （改變; 變換） change 2. （交換） exchange Ⅲ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  1. In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the

    本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。
  2. Article 130 whoever illegally enters a public place or gets on a public transportation vehicle with any gun, ammunition, controlled cutting tool or explosive, inflammable, radioactive, poisonous or corrosive materials and thereby endangers public security, if the circumstances are serious, shall be sentenced to fixed - term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention or public surveillance

    第一百三十條非法攜帶槍支、彈藥、管制刀具或者爆炸性、易燃性、放射性、毒害性、腐蝕性物品，進入公共場所或者公共交通工具，危及公共安全，情節嚴重的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制。
  3. For ais to plan on the basis that they may have to cope with the complete destruction of buildings and surrounding infrastructure in which their key offices, installations, counterparties or service providers are located, the loss of key personnel, and the situation that back - up facilities might need to be used for an extended period of time

    ，提出初步自有關事件中汲取的教訓。金管局亦因應認可機構可能要應付其主要辦事處設備交易對手或服務供應商所在的建築物及附近的基礎設施被完全摧毀失去主要人員及后備設施需要運作一段較長時間的情況，制定了
  4. Via entering into agreement, the three parties " personal interests will all close to social mterest. thus forms the best state of pareto. the responsibility rule of law economics further states that if the unauthorized disposer gets the right through legal compensation instead of market business. he or she can use resource more efficient and cost less, the key point of system design does n ' t rest with forbidding unauthorized disposition but ascertaining unauthorized disposer ' s compensation standard. the general conclusion of economic analysis method is that the other party of business is aware of or should be aware of the one he deals with is unauthorized, then the contract is invalid. otherwise the contract should be valid

    法律經濟學中的責任規則更進一步表明所有權的相對人（無權處分人）不通過市場交易而是以法定賠償取得權利，能避免過高交易成本的發生並實現效用更高的資源配置。制度設計的關鍵不在於禁止無權處分行為，而在於確定無權處分人的賠償標準。經濟分析方法的總體結論是，交易相對人明知或能以較小成本知悉處分人無權處分（如交易標的物為不動產）時，合同無效，除此之外，合同應為有效。
  5. The term " exchange traded fund ( etf ) " used in these regulations shall mean a securities investment trust fund listed on the stock exchange which tracks an underlying index designed by or produced with the agreement of the stock exchange for which subscription and repurchase * * are based on physical delivery according to contract

    本辦法所稱指數股票型證券投資信?基金，指在證券交易所上市，以追蹤證券交易所設計或同意編制之標的指數，且申購、買回採實物及依據契約規定方式交付之證券投資信?基金。
  6. This part also analyzes the important issue in reconstruction of secured transactions law in china - " nutrients clausus ", then i put forward that secured transactions law in china should not only import the positive effects of freedom mechanism in private law, but also prevent the negative effect of that mechanism by the procedural requirement, in order to achieve the open - end situation which could accommodate any new personal property security device if only the new device is created by agreement and follows the procedure of attachment and perfection

    本篇還分析了重構動產擔保交易制度中所應注意的重要問題? ?物權法定主義，主張我國動產擔保交易制度既要引入私法自治機理的積極效用，又要通過程序要求反制私法自治開放過度的弊端，營造一種只要通過協議創設的新型動產擔保權經過相當的設定、公示程序，即當然具有物權效力的開放態勢。
  7. The circumstance meaning said by here is an apparent agency, the apparent agency is that one kind has no right to act for peculiarly, purpose is to trusting acting for system ' s defend people, protect a goodwill and there is no relative fault people, keep owership circulation state determining the nature indeed with the stability, ensure the safety trading further

    這里所講的情形就是表見代理，表見代理是一種特殊的無權代理，意在維護人們對代理制度的信賴，保護善意且無過失的相對人，保持物權流轉狀態的確定性與穩定性，進而保障交易的安全。
  8. Nowdays, under the pressure of agricultural manufacture mostly depend on market, and the peasants requirements becomes excessive, to enhance the efficiency of the small farmer " economy in large market, decrease the risk and indeterminacy in market bargaining, there must have a organization to be the agency inter peasants and market, the organization must delegate benefit of the peasants straightly and in deed, so construct farmer cooperative organization is. very important we can know the facts through evaluate the performance of the peasants cooperative organization history : the knowledge about cooperative and follow which guidance have some relation in the development of peasants cooperative organization ; we should choose the gradually pattern for system flux, must consider the economic behavior expect in the main body of organization - the farms

    通過對農民合作組織的歷史績效評價可以看到：對合作的認識和遵循的指導思想與農民合作組織的發展關系很大；在制度變遷道路選擇上應考慮借鑒漸進式改革之路；必須考慮參加者主體?農戶的經濟行為預期及產權結構、組織壟斷、規模等因素的影響。農民合作組織發展的必然性源於農業生產的生物性、地域分散性和生產的隨意性，同時也決定農民合作經濟組織必須具有靈活性、多樣化、可過渡性和以社區為基礎的特殊要求。從制度經濟學分析，農民合作經濟組織在降低農民外部交易成本、實現公平和效率平衡、降低風險和不確定性等方面具有經濟上的合理性，所以有進一步規范和發展的必要。
  9. Instead of the rather inefficient barter system where, for example, a pig might be exchanged for three suits and a pair of shoes, in a monetary economy the values of all goods and services are monetised and transacted in a currency

    在一個實行貨幣制度的經濟體系裡，我們不再以物易物，例如可能用一頭豬來交換3套西裝及一雙皮鞋這種極之不便的制度，而是將所有貨品與服務的價值或價格貨幣化，並以有關貨幣進行交易。
  10. Based on the comparative analysis of the above three systems, the author argues that the principle of publicity and absolute effect is more scientific, complete and rigorous than the other two system, which also has the function of protecting transaction safety shouldered by the theory of abstrakte. natur, and can make up the defects existing in the theory of abstrakte. natur. part v puts forward several advices on china ' s establishment of the system

    本部分最後對公示公信原則、善意取得制度、物權行為無因性進行了對比分析，得出的結論是:公示公信原則較善意取得制度更為科學、更為全面、更為周密，當然也就更為可取;公示公信原則不但可以替代物權行為無因性所負擔的交易安全保護職能，而且還可以彌補物權行為無因性效力保護過
  11. The in - kind transaction mechanism works in the following way : when the trading price of the fund units is higher than the net asset value of the underlying bonds, investors will have an incentive to purchase the underlying bonds and exchange the bonds for units of the fund, and then sell the units on the stock exchange, and vice versa

    實物交易機制的運作方式如下：若基金單位的成交價高於相關債券的資產凈值，便會吸引投資者買入相關債券，並以有關債券換取基金單位，然後在交易所出售其基金單位，反之亦然。這種套戥機制有助確保基金單位的成交價貼近其資產凈值。
  12. As one kind of product of the development of market economy, reservation of title system has some superiority which the model guarantee systems do not have, it involves to some hot topics of modern market economy such as creditor ' s rights guarantee, consumer protection as well as transaction security and so on. to the basic litigants, it pays the proper attention to both efficiency and safety. if at the same time the suitable protection to the third party who has good faith can be given, then it may cause all involved litigant ' s benefit maximization, enable the guarantee function of the reservation of title system to fully reveal

    所有權保留制度作為一種市場經濟高度發達下的產物，具有典型擔保制度所不具有的一些優勢之處，它關涉到債權擔保、消費者保護以及交易安全等現代市場經濟中較為熱點的一些問題，對交易的基本當事人而言其具有效率與安全兼顧的功效，如果在此基礎上又能夠對交易基本當事人以外的善意第三方的利益予以適當保護，便可以使各方當事人的利益實現最大化，使所有權保留制度的擔保功能得以盡顯。
  13. Right to use environmental capacity is distributed to users in form of emissions permit and the emissions permit can be traded as a commodity on the market, this has be called a trade system of right to use environmental capacity. the trade system of right to use environmental capacity was firstly brought forward as a kind of economist means used in environmental management by environmental economist. it was confirmed as a legal system

    環境容量使用權交易制度，許多學者稱之為排污權交易制度或許可證交易制度，是指在特定的區域內，根據這一區域環境質量的要求，確定一定時期內區域環境所能容納的污染物的總量，以發放許可證的形式將這些排污許可量分配給各排污單位，並允許許可量在市場上進行交易。
  14. To meet the need of financing and commodity circulation in market economic mechanism in china, china " s secured transactions law should possess the following characteristics : ( 1 ) security interest should be available ( a ) over all categories of personal property ; ( b ) to secure all types of debts ; ( c ) between all types of person ; ( 2 ) the simple, efficient and low - cost perfection device by which a secured creditor may give public notice to the existence of his security interest ; ( 3 ) the quick, efficient and low - cost enforcement by which security interest could be realized ; ( 4 ) the clear rules of priorities with respect to the relative rights of competing creditors and their debtors which are fair in most situation

    本文作者認為，為適應我國市場經濟之資金融通和商品流通的需求，我國動產擔保交易制度應當具備以下動產擔保交易制度研究特質： ）動產擔保權應當：能在所有種類的動產上設定；能擔保所有種類的債務；能在所有種類的人之間設定； （ 2 ）動產擔保權能以簡單、高效、低成本的公示制度而周知第三人； （ 3 ）動產擔保權能以迅速、高效、低成本的實行制度而得以實現； （ 4 ）同一擔保物競存的權利間的優先權規則應是明確的，在大多數情況下是公平的。
  15. Different arrangement to space resource makes different performance of the dominant behavior value system of social 2. 1 the establish of the dominant behavior value system of social in ancient construct in ancient society, it is often unitary. in other words, the value judgments of the whole society tend to become same in some layer. the meaning of the city elements which token by the urban designer and that in people " s mind is same in that condition

    1古代城市空伺系統營造中的杜會主導行為價擅系統建立古代社會中，由於交流與政治等方面的因素，一定社會的行為價值體系往往是一元的，也就是說，整個社會對於行為價值的判斷在個體層面上有明顯的趨同傾向，在這種情況下，城市設計者所而對的城市要素所表徵的意義與人們的理解是一致的，同時，城市建設的資源及資源的運作基本上由一種力量所控制，因而城市空間系統本身很容易成為社會認可的行為價值系統的直接對應物，也就是說，古代社會中，城市的空間系統與行為價值系統之間的關系往往能夠呈現出明確的同構特徵。
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