理解法律引用 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lǐjiěfǎlǜyǐnyòng]
理解法律引用 英文
understanding legal citations
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  • 解 : 解動詞（解送） send under guard
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 律 : Ⅰ名1 （法律; 規則） law; rule; statute; regulation 2 （律詩的簡稱） short for lüshi 3 （姓氏） a ...
  • 引 : Ⅰ動詞1 （牽引; 拉） draw; stretch 2 （引導） lead; guide 3 （離開） leave 4 （伸著） stretch 5 （...
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 理解 : understand; comprehend
  • 法律 : law; statute法律保護 legal protection; 法律程序 legal procedure; 法律承認 de jure recognition （...
  1. This thesis will rely on previous studies of instructions on the general rules and language functions, and modification of teacher talk to carry on a multi - layer study on junior middle school teachers " instructions with aspect of linguistic forms and language functions in chinese efl classrooms. after study on the transcriptions of 30 lectures ( 10 lectures are given by in - service teachers, 10 lectures are given by pre - service teachers and 10 lectures are given by the winners in fine - quality classroom competitions ) of efl classroom of junior middle schools in china, the major findings are : ( 1 ) the teachers likely use some devices with respect to prosody ( temporal variables ), lexis, syntax and discourse to simplify and clarify the complex instructions to match the requirement of junior middle school students " listening comprehension. ( 2 ) there are about three factors that cause the ineffective instructions

    本文在前人的關于教師語言的調整，指令語及其表達功能的研究基礎上以何安平教授建立《中學英語教育語料庫（ mstm ） 》中的近17 . 7萬字的子語庫《英語課堂教學語料庫（ msee ） 》為研究語料，選擇了其中30節初中英語課為研究對象，對教師指令語的言語形式及其語言功能進行了較為深入的描述分析，發現： （ 1 ）在音律層面，中國中學英語教師習慣川停頓來放慢語速或在一些難詞之前做停頓以便達到讓學生理解的要求：詞匯層面，教師慣用一些表達方式來給指令語；句法層面，教師也是盡量用簡單句來簡化指令語；語篇層面，初中英語課堂上教師常用一些信號詞來起始解釋性指令語，並少用宏觀語篇標記詞來幫助學生理解，但卻常用微觀語篇標記詞來吸引學生的注意力。
  2. On the base of expatiating on the legal responsibility in bankruptcy of financial holding company, taking variety of financial systems of economic superpowers as examples, analysing the possibility that financial holding company uses the bankrupt of their financial subsidiary companies to evade its own legal responsibility, advising to introduce the theories of " uncover the corporative veil ", emphasizing the status of parent company as shareholder, meanwhile defining its type and scope of legal responsibility when its financial subsidiary company goes to bankrupt, this text provides in principle of law the foundation of solution for financial holding company so that it can ' t take on unlimited liability

    摘要在闡述金融控股公司破產法律責任的基礎上，以世界金融大國的多種金融制度為例，對金融控股公司可能利用、操控其子公司的破產來規避法律責任的現狀進行分析，提出在此領域引入「刺破法人面紗」理論，通過對母公司股東身份的強調，明確金融控股公司在其金融子公司破產前後法律責任的種類以及責任范圍的大小，為金融控股公司作為股份有限公司不能擔負無限責任難題的解決提供了法理上的依託。
  3. Aesthetic appearance is one of the most important criteria used by consumers in judging clothing wear performance. bagging is a kind of three - dimensional residual deformation that deteriorates garment appearance during wear and caused dissatisfaction. to understand the psychophysical mechanisms of fabric bagging perception, a method of subjectively evaluating this behavior is developed by using a series of photographs taken from bagged fabric samples. both ranking and rating scales are used as the psychological scales. the two scales are highly correlated with each other, but the rating scale provides more information than the ranking scales and can indicate perceived differences between fabrics. a linear relationship between subjective perceptions and measured residual bagging height shows that perception of fabric bagging follows stevens ? power law. residual bagging height contributes up to 94 % of the total variance in the perception of fabric bagging. the rest of the variation may be attributed to anistropic behavior during the bagging process

    美觀是消費者日常服裝穿著功能中最重要的指標之一.起拱是一種外衣穿著中引起變化，令人不滿的三維殘余變形.一種主觀評價方法是從一系列起拱織物的照片來理解心理物理學規律，採用優劣排序等級和優劣評判等級兩種方法用於心理評價標度.這兩種等級互相間緊密相關，但評判等級比排序等級包含更多的信息，可以更好地區分出兩種織物間的差異.主觀評價結果與測量得到的殘余起拱高度之間線性相關，表明了織物起拱特性符合斯特藩指數定律.殘余起拱高度對織物起拱特性總方差的貢獻在94 %以上.其它可能是起拱時各向異性因素引起的
  4. Cu - zn - cr - zr conducting bar alloy and cu - cr - zr end ring alloys used for superpower asynchronous traction motor rotor were prepared by ingot metallurgy. using hardness measurement, tensile test at room and higher temperature, electrical resistance test at room and higher temperature, optical microscopy, xrd, sem, and tem, the mechanical and electric properties and the microstructure of above alloys at different treatment were studied. them were also analysed and explained in theory

    採用鑄錠冶金法制備了大功率異步牽引電動機轉子用導條合金和端環合金，通過硬度測試、室溫拉伸、高溫拉伸、電導率測定、金相分析、 xrd 、 sem 、 tem等方法研究了不同加工工藝和熱處理工藝對上述合金力學性能、導電性能及其組織結構的影響和變化規律，並從理論上進行了分析和解釋。
  5. Using the complex potential method in the plane theory of elasticity of an anisotropic body, a series solution to the stress field of a finite plate containing multiple cracks subjected to arbitrary loads is obtained by means of the faber series expansion, and the stress intensity factors at the crack tips are calculated based on the theories of fracture mechanics. equivalence yield stress is introduced in order to consider the effects of the plastic zones, with which the strip yield criteria is developed in the article so that the effects of structural size and the crack interactions on the stress distribution can be considered accurately. the effects of plate size, crack size and crack distributions on the stress intensity factors as well as the residual strength of the plate are studied detailedly

    採用各向異性體平面彈性理論中的復勢方法，以faber級數為工具，得到了含多裂紋有限大板在任意載荷作用下應力場的級數解，並應用斷裂力學方法確定裂紋尖端的應力強度因子；引入當量屈服應力考慮裂尖塑性區的影響，提出基於帶屈服準則的剩餘強度分析模型，能夠充分考慮結構尺寸和裂紋之間相互作用對應力場的影響；通過數值計算詳細討論了結構尺寸和裂紋之間位置關系對應力強度因子和結構剩餘強度的影響規律，得到了一系列對工程應用具有實用價值的結論。
  6. The united nations convention on contracts for the international sale of goods is expressly disclaimed. any controversy or dispute arising out of this agreement, the interpretation of any provision hereof, or the action or inaction of any party hereto shall be submitted to the courts of hong kong, sar. the successful party to any proceeding or litigation relating to this agreement or the services shall be awarded reasonable costs and attorney s fees

    任何爭論或因這項協議引起的分歧，任何其規定的解釋，或者任何當事人是否採取任何行動，至此將被提交給香港特別行政區法庭。對于這項協議有關的任何訴訟的勝訴方或者服務將被授予合理的費用和律師費。
  7. After analysing the ethical problems following the gene engineering to the human beings, the writer gives some measures to solve these problems. through government ' s policies to guide the direction of development of gene engineering ; constructing the sciencist ' s ethic, moral concepts ; giving the public play to supervise the making of gene engineering, these measures will make gene engineering benefit for the human beings to the most extent, and harm the human being to the least extent

    在重點探討了基因工程可能會給人類帶來種種社會問題后，作者最後還提出了相應的解決辦法，即通過加強政府方針政策的引導支持、法律法規的約束控制、強化科技倫理道德建設、發揮公眾輿論監督作用，使基因工程最大限度的造福於人類，而將危害降到最低限度。
  8. The strong deviation theorems are new type theorems established by using the notion of the likelihood ratio. professor liu wen frist applied an analysis method in solving a class of strong deviation theorems for a sequense of random variables. later professor liu wen studied the shannon - mcmillan theorem in information theorems [ 2 ] - [ 8 ] and deviation theorems of non - negative continuous random variables [ 10 ] - [ 11 ] by using the analytic technique and obtained some strong deviation theorems. the chapter 2 of the paper studied a class of strong deviation theorems of function of two variables of information sources and obtained a further study of shannon - mcmillan theorem of markov information sourses by definning the using concept of entropy density divergence. the chapter 3 of the paper studied a class of strong deviation theorems of non - negative continuous random variables by using tool of transformation of laplace. information theory, as a branch of applied probability theory, becomes more and more important in appling

    劉文教授在解決大數定律中，用首創的分析方法得到一類隨機變量序列的強偏差定理。后來，劉文教授把分析方法用於信息論中shannon - mcmillan定理和連續型隨機變量的偏差定理的研究，得到了若干強偏差定理。本文的第二章是引進任意信源相對熵密度偏差的概念，並利用這個概念研究任意信源二元函數的一類強偏差定理，得到了馬氏信源shannon - mcmillan定理的一個推廣。
  9. Reference to any statutory provision shall be construed as a reference to the same as it may have been, or may from time be, amended, modified or re - enacted

    引用法律規定理解為引用其本身外，還包括其修訂、修正或重新實施案。
  10. In the article the ways of hearing are put forward to take establishing administrative collateral civil proceedings as fundamental mode, to take hearing of division between correlative administrative dispute and civil dispute as well as investigating civil dispute with correlatively administrative dispute together as supplementary mode on the basis of using numerous viewpoints in both domestic and overseas academic circles and practical circles as well as judgments in practice for reference so that the problem of correlatively administrative dispute and civil dispute may be solved effectively under different circumstances

    現實生活中，基於相同的法律事實而同時引起行政爭議與民事爭議的現象大量存在，對這種具有內在關聯性的行政爭議與民事爭議如何進行審理，是近年來理論界和實務界研討的熱點問題。行政訴訟與民事訴訟的區別在於所解決爭議的性質不同，然而在訴訟實踐中，有些行政爭議與民事爭議經常交織在一起，出現了難以區分訴訟屬性以及如何適用程序的問題。
  11. However domestic unmature security marbet restrict amc ' s free shares transfer. my opinion is to improve and regulate by law in the course of d - to e. firstly, it is necessary to grasp d to e principle accuratly and construct strict qualification system, secondly, it is important to guarantee amc to enterprise system can keep amc ' s as shareholder control of d to e enterprise, and improve continuously amc ' s management level and efficiency. it is necessary to make special regulation about the duration periods and vavle of amc ' s egutity in legislation to sustain amc benefit, moreover, 13 to e also coordinate with state - owned ' s out - strategy and adjust ownership through social and. private cash input, these also help solve the problem of uvclear state - owned ownership entity ; at the same time, it is necessary to improve security market to widen the ways of share transfer, to be outward transfer as main transfer way, to cultivate institutional investor and reform equity system ; at last it is important to difine correctly bovernment ' s role and play its role. government should be in the nationwide view to organize, coordinate balance support regulate to guarantee d to e ' s performance

    筆者認為，債轉股實施過程中，應依照法律規范予以完善和制約，首先應準確把握其操作原則，特別注意嚴格把好債轉股的準入關;其次，切實發揮金融資產管理公司的職能作用，促使企業轉換經營機制建立現代企業制度，要確保金融資產管理公司作為股東對債轉股企業的最終控制權，不斷提高金融資產管理公司的運作水平和效率，並且在立法上對債轉股中的股權的存續和價值的保護進行特別規定，以維護金融資產管理公司的合法權益;再者，債轉股還要與國有經濟的戰略性退出相結合，進行必要的產權結構調整，通過引入社會資金、民營資本等其他成分徹底解決國企產權主體虛位和產權不明晰的現象;同時，要完善資本市場，積極拓寬股權的退出通道，把對外轉讓作為股權的主要退士方式，培育機構投資者，改革股權制度;最
  12. While there are so many problems that made trust and investment companies face lots of internal and external risks in real operation such as the immature market, the scarcity of government legislation and supervision, the management risks in the trust and investment companies and so on. all these need be solved by the trust and investment companies under the assistance of government department responsible for legislation and supervision. this article states from the real status of the trust industry, analyses the risk of it and brings forward the solutions from the following four angles : innovating trust production, such as npl trust, state - owned stock trust, leasing trust, mbo trust, esot, etc, perfecting the mechanism of risk control from var model and risk estimation, enhancing the cooperation with other financial institutions like banks, securities institutions, insurance companies and leasing companies, and strengthening the system of government legislation, supervision and self - restriction of trust and investment companies

    本文從中國信託業的現狀出發，分析信託投資公司存在的問題，尤其是整頓后依然存在的問題，借鑒國外信託業的經驗，結合中國信託業的實際情況，從創新信託產品、健全信託投資公司風險控制機制、加強與其他金融機構合作和增強監管機制等角度進行探討，提出解決問題、加速信託機構健康發展的途徑：第一、根據目前我國信託業的規定，結合中國的經濟狀況，從處置國有不良資產、減持國有股、與金融租賃相結合、管理層收購、職工持股、銀行處理信貸資產、房地產、應收債權等領域創新信託產品；第二、引入國際上風險控制模型內控信託機構的風險，並採取信用評級的手段對信託投資公司和信託產品進行評級，從外部控制信託機構的風險；第三、提出信託投資公司應與銀行、證券、保險和租賃業相結合，在業務上相互補充，資源上共享，促進信託業的發展；第四、從完善信託立法、加強監管力度、健全信託投資公司個體自律和行業自律等方面完善信託的監管體系。
  13. Sometimes, this rule is misunderstood and incorrectly applied. in some circumstances, the patients shall be asked to take part of the proof duty. iv ) damage claims arising from unskillful and fealty medical treatment shall be settled according to the regulation on malpractice, other complaints arising from medical neglect, which are not so severe to form the malpractice in the regulation on malpractice, shall be settled according to general principles of civil law

    么要正確適用法律，對《醫療事故處理條例》四十九條第二款「不屬于醫療事故的，醫療機構不承擔賠償責任」要正確理解，醫療機構對醫療事故所引起的損害應適用《醫療事故處理條例》 ，對于雖不構成醫療事故，但醫療機構有過錯，且過錯與患者所受損害有因果關系的，應適用《民法通則》的規定，給受害人相應救濟。
  14. The fourth chapter firstly points out that due to the special structure and procedures of asset securitization, the traditional legal and accounting institutions cannot fully explain and suit the development of asset securitization, so the cost of asset securitization is reflected in the increase of macro cost and micro cost. secondly, it points out that asset securitization could decrease information cost, increase company ' s cash flow and cut down transaction cost

    第四章首先指出由於資產證券化特殊的結構和實施程序，使傳統的法律和會計制度不能完全解釋和適應資產證券化的發展，從而資產證券化的成本表現在由於制度變遷而引起的宏觀成本和微觀成本的增加；其次運用mm理論來分析資產證券化的效益問題，指出資產證券化可以減少信息成本、增加公司的現金流、減少交易成本。
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