相對最小面積 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiāngduìzuìxiǎomiànjī]
相對最小面積 英文
relative minimum of areas
  • 相 : 相Ⅰ名詞1 （相貌; 外貌） looks; appearance 2 （坐、立等的姿態） bearing; posture 3 [物理學] （相位...
  • 對 : Ⅰ動詞1 （回答） answer; reply 2 （對待; 對付） treat; cope with; counter 3 （朝; 向; 面對） be tr...
  • 最 : 副詞（表示某種屬性超過所有同類的人或事物） most; best; worst; first; very; least; above all; -est
  • 小 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （體積、面積、數量、強度等不大） small; little; petty; minor 2 （年紀小的; 年幼的） youn...
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 積 : Ⅰ動詞（積累） amass; store up; accumulate Ⅱ形容詞（長時間積累下來的） long standing; long pending...
  • 相對 : 1. （面對面） opposite; face to face 2. （非絕對的） relative 3. （比較的） relatively; comparatively
  • 面積 : [數學] area
  1. ( 5 ) the author researches the relationship between the deep foundation ' s shape, area and depth and the deep excavation dewatering. the formula, which calculates the minimum distance between foundation ' s bottom panel and the confined water layer ' s top panel, was put forward

    （五）研究了基坑形狀、面積、深度與深基坑降水相關性，給出了計算基坑底板至承壓含水層頂板間的最小距離公式，分析了針對不同基坑應採用的降水方法。
  2. Therefore it is reasonable that special surface of steel - making slag powder is controlled in the rang between 450 - 500m2 / kg. furthermore, when special surface of different steel - making slag powders are close, steel - making slag powder, which surface is attached lot of fine particle powder or which degree of roundness is high, has higher cementitous property

    實驗結果表明，提高比表面積可提高鋼渣粉的膠凝性能，但當比表面積超過500m ~ 2 kg時，鋼渣粉的膠凝性能提高已不顯著，鋼渣粉的最佳比表面積應控制在450 500m ~ 2 kg之間；比表面積相近時，表面有細小顆粒吸附且顆粒圓形度高的鋼渣粉有相對較高的膠凝性能。
  3. Generally speaking activity of steel - making slag is higher than first grade fly ash. influence of special surface and particle morphology of steel - making slag powder on cementitous property is studied by experiment. results show that cementitous property of steel - making slag powder increase with increase of its special surface, but increase of cementitous property is not obvious when its special surface is beyond 500 m2 / kg

    實驗結果表明，提高比表面積可提高鋼渣粉的膠凝性能，但當比表面積超過500m ~ 2 kg時，鋼渣粉的膠凝性能提高已不顯著，鋼渣粉的最佳比表面積應控制在450 500m ~ 2 kg之間；比表面積相近時，表面有細小顆粒吸附且顆粒圓形度高的鋼渣粉有相對較高的膠凝性能。
  4. The main conclusions are following : ( 1 ) compared with the conventional mlc, the method of iterative prior probability based on the vector map can dispel the prior probability ’ s influence and the overall accuracy and kappa index can be improved ; ( 2 ) to the types with greater area than average area of all types, the producer ’ s accuracy will be improved while user ’ s accuracy be lessened, but to the ones with smaller area, the situation is just the opposite

    本研究的主要結論是: （ 1 ）與傳統的最大似然法分類相比，利用地理數據矢量化得到的先驗概率進行迭代，可進一步消除先驗概率對最大似然分類法分類結果的影響，使分類總精度和kappa指數有進一步提高; （ 2 ）分佈面積大於平均值的類別，生產者精度一般會變高，使用者精度會變低;分佈面積小於平均值的類別，生產者精度一般會變低，使用者精度會變高。
  5. The discussion of cultural construction mode in baibuting community is developed as following : the first part presents author ' s motivation in carrying out the research, defining some concepts and introducing a few common modes of cultural construction in urban communities. the second part is a detailed description of fundamental ideas and content, advocating the notion of " human oriented, moral centered, law abiding, trying to creating a modern community with the capacity of sustainable development ", introducing its unique homestead culture. the third part sets forth the innovation of community culture construction modes in baibuting community : in order to create a, human - oriented community culture, establish a peaceful and content environment for the socialism ideology, the baibuting community made innovation on community management system ; by the analysis of the occupational statistics and object groups, the author found out that most of residents come from the middle class ; then, the author gives the definition of middle class and its general features in a sociological perspective ; finally, the thesis analyses the characteristics of the community residents " pursuit of culture and the harmonious development of community culture in aspects like value system, consumption habits, cultural needs

    本文通過理論學習，對百步亭花園社區文化建設的模式進行了探索研究，在現狀調查過程中，筆者發現百步亭的社區文化建設之所以成功，除了開發商和物業管理中心的組織建設外，還有小區居民的積極參與合作，三者密不可分，而這又與居民所屬的階層文化訴求密切相關，於是，本文就百步亭社區文化建設模式作了論述，思路如下：文章的第一部分：提出本文研究的緣起，並對一些與本文有關的概念作了界定，還介紹了幾種城市社區文化建設的一般模式；文章的第二部分：介紹百步亭花園社區文化建設模式的基本思想和內容，提出了「以人為本、以德為魂、以法為行，努力創造可持續發展的現代文明社區」的口號，並介紹了其獨具特色的家園文化；文章的第三部分：對百步亭社區文化建設模式的創新作了論述：百步亭社區為了營造以人為本的社區文化，構建社區安居樂業工程，為社會主義思想道德體系提供良好的社會文化環境，在社區管理體制上作了創新；還通過對百步亭社區居民的職業統計，來源群體，分析出其從屬的社會階層主要是社會的中間階層；再次，從社會學角度，定義了中間階層及一般特徵；最後從價值觀、認同感，消費觀念、文化需求等方面，分析了其文化訴求的特徵和與社區文化的協調發展；文章的第四部分：從整合功能和導向功能兩方面總結了百步亭社區文化建設的社會效應；並對百步亭社區文化建設模式的不足提出了意見和建議。
  6. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  7. With fast development of our country " s gas industry and air ' s increasingly serious contamination in city, using gas instead of coal and supplying energy in high efficiency and cleanliness has become necessary way in city. there are different problems in the current heating ( air conditioning ) systems. in the cogeneration system, heat and power affect each other, heating - pump heating ( aie conditioning ) system can not satisfy the peak load very well, the cost of gas fuel in boilor heating sestem is so high. the high generating efficiency of the diesel - engine two - sourse heating ( air conditioning ) systems is limited in range of 100kw - 1000kw, the heating scope is so limited. combined cycle of two sourse heating ( air conditioning ) system is most suitable selection to buesness community with big scope my paper aim at this syetem ' s primary question when it is applied in our country - - - - bringing project into execution and technology economy feasibility and off - design performence, combined with a certain demonstrating project in beijing buesness community, going along with calculating and analyzing, drawing out some efficient datas and conclusions, based on this, bringing out primary alements affecting combined cycle of two sourse heating ( air conditioning ) system " economics

    熱電聯產系統熱電相互牽連，熱泵供暖（空調）系統不容易很好地滿足尖峰負荷，鍋爐供暖系統供熱中天然氣燃料構成的成本過高，內燃機雙源供暖（空調）系統的高發電效率僅限於100kw - 1000kw負荷范圍，供熱面積有限。對于大面積的商業園區、居民小區，燃燒天然氣的燃氣-蒸汽聯合循環雙源供暖（空調）系統是最佳選擇之一。本論文針對該系統在我國應用時的主要問題- - -方案的技術實施與技術經濟可行性，結合北京某一商業園區示範工程，進行了系統的計算與分析，得到了有效的數據與結論，在此基礎上，提出影響聯合循環雙源供暖（空調）系統經濟性的主要因素，並進行敏感性分析，得出有益的結論；最後通過各種供暖方案的比較分析回答了某些人對該系統的疑慮和不解，並指出系統的優化方向。
  8. The paper studies and analyzes the diversity in different seasons and in different environments. the avian diversity in autumn is larger than that in spring. in the seven habitats, the avian diversity is most abundant in the reed marshland, while most minimum in the water area

    3 、對衡水湖濕地春秋兩季不同生境類型（葦場草地、草甸灌叢區、大面積水域等）的鳥類多樣性進行了統計和分析；其鳥類多樣性秋季與春季相差不大； 7種生境中，葦場草地的鳥類多樣性最為豐富，大面積水域多樣性最小。
  9. Conclusions as following have got through test study : ( 1 ) when impact compaction technology is applied to treat collapsible loess subgrade, the effect depth may be treated generally can not override 80 cm and impact compaction pass is optimum at 30 times. ( 2 ) for stratified impact compaction of subgrade, when compactness of each level reaches codeslstandards loose laying depth of 80 cm fits 40 impact compaction pass is the optimum combination of subgrade construction. when average compactness in each level reaches codeslstandards loose laying depth of 80 cm fits 30 impact compaction pass is the optimum combination o ( 3 ) the quality control method may request impact compaction pass as the main control index and at the same time the final division settlement is less than 10 % of total settlement as large area subgrade is constructed

    通過試驗研究主要得出如下認識：沖擊壓實技術處理濕陷性黃土地基時，其有效處理深度一般不超過80cm ，沖壓遍數以30遍左右為宜；對路基分層沖壓，在要求土體中各點壓實度均達到規范要求時，路基沖壓最佳組合為虛鋪厚度80cm 、沖壓40遍；在只要求土體平均壓實度達到規范要求時，路基沖壓最佳組合為虛鋪厚度80cm 、沖壓30遍；大面積施工時，質量控制方法可按照在以沖壓遍數作為主要控制指標的同時，要求最後10遍分計沉降量小於累計沉降量10 ；在施工單位自己購置沖擊壓實機情況下，與傳統施工相比較，沖擊壓實技術是一種既能節約資金又能大量縮短工期的施工方法。
  10. Nevertheless, they can be divided into several categories on the basis of cost and performance : the personal computer or microcomputer, a relatively low - cost machine, usually of desktop size ( though “ laptops ” are small enough to fit in a briefcase, and “ palmtops ” can fit into a pocket ) ; the workstation, a microcomputer with enhanced graphics and communications capabilities that make it especially useful for office work ; the minicomputer, generally too expensive for personal use, with capabilities suited to a business, school, or laboratory ; and the mainframe computer, a large, expensive machine with the capability of serving the needs of major business enterprises, government departments, scientific research establishments, or the like ( the largest and fastest of these are called supercomputers )

    然而，根據成本與性能，它們可分為幾類：個人計算機或微型計算機，一種成本相當低的機器，通常只有桌面大小（盡管「膝上型計算機」小到能夠放入公文包，而「掌上型計算機」能夠放入口袋） ；工作站，一種具有增強的圖形與通信能力、從而使其對于辦公室工作特別有用的微型計算機；小型計算機，一般就個人使用而言太昂貴，其性能適合於工商企業、學校或實驗室；以及大型機，一種大型的昂貴機器，具有滿足大規模工商企業、政府部門、科研機構或者諸如此類機構需要的能力（其中體積最大、速度最快的稱為巨型計算機） 。
  11. With the optimum parameter, the obtained composite particle have many changes compared with uncoated graphite, such as the increase of coating ratio, particle size and decrease of specific surface area, et al

    在最佳包覆工藝條件下，所得復合粉體相對未處理石墨氧化物含量（包覆率）增加、粒度增大與表面積減小。
  12. The multi - effect evaporation system ca n ' t be designed in order that both total area of heat conduction and consumption of vapor were least

    不可設計一個多效蒸發系統，使總傳熱面積和加熱蒸汽消耗量同時為最小，只能求得相對有效解。
  13. The experimental results indicates that the secondary mass flow increases with increasing of primary mass flow rate, but the bypass decrease because the primary mass flow rate increase more rapidly than secondary mass flow. the expansion configuration shows low thrust property due to low pressure in flow path. the secondary nozzle changes the pressure distribution in ejector combustor, and decreases bypass ratio, but obtain more completely mixing

    結果表明：二次流流量隨著一次流流量的增加而增加，由於二次流流量的增加速度低於一次流，引射系數減小；在純擴張式結構實驗中，引射燃燒室壓強很低，難以實驗推力增強；二次噴管改變了引射燃燒室的壓強分佈，降低了引射系數，改善了混合狀況能；對于本文的實驗結構，存在一個最優的二次噴管出口面積，使引射火箭推力最大，同數值模擬結果相吻合。
  14. The fem results indicated that as to the rough surfaces in sliding contact, the value of the contact pressure was very high which coursed a high value of the heat flow rate, meanwhile the sliding time was not enough for the frictional heat to transfer, thus the highest value of the body temperature occurred just on the sliding surfaces, which possessed a sharp thermal gradient in direction perpendicular to the sliding surface. so the great thermal stress was caused just by the sharp gradient and the thermal elastic distortion with which the contact pressure changed occurred simultaneously, thus this change of the contact pressure would affect the temperature distribution in return

    對于相對滑動的粗糙表面，因實際接觸面積小而導致接觸壓力很大，這樣使得熱流密度會很大，同時由於滑動時間很短，熱來不及傳導，最高溫度發生在摩擦表面，在垂直於摩擦面的方向有很大的溫度梯度，使得熱應力很大，且最大應力發生在表面，同時產生熱彈性變形，這種變形使得接觸區域內的壓力分佈發生變化，這種變化又反過來影響了接觸區域的溫度分佈。
  15. This paper presents the effects of some features on the productivity of raw c60 materials, such as distance and approaching speed of electrodes, helium partial pressure and arc current etc. then we separate and purify the raw materials and obtain pure solid c60 of 99. 9 % and compare the purification efficiency and effect of different fluxion phase and fixed phase and discuss the effects of the experimental conditions, such as the depositing speed, the type of the substrate, the surface structure of the substrate and the temperature of the substrate. finally, we use xps, afm, ultraviolet, infrared and raman to analyze the component, structure and feature of the films qualitatively and quantitatively

    本文首先研究了氦氣分壓、弧電流大小、電極間距以及電極推進速度等實驗條件對制備c _ （ 60 ）粗品產率的影響；接著選用柱色譜法分離提純得到了純度大於99 . 9的c _ （ 60 ）固體，比較了不同流動相和固定相的提純效率和效果；然後採用自己改進后的真空鍍膜機，利用電阻式加熱蒸鍍方法，得到了純c _ （ 60 ）薄膜和不同摻雜比的銀摻雜薄膜；探討了沉積速率、襯底種類、襯底表面結構以及襯底溫度等實驗條件對薄膜結構的影響；最後通過xps ， afm ，紫外，紅外，拉曼對薄膜的成分、結構和特性作了定性和半定量分析。
  16. Particularly four following respect problems of main research of this thesis : first, excavating and optimizing of the road bed and the slope protect, on the basis of influence factor analysis and the slope design principle by the expressway of mountain area of limestone, we excavate the model of optimizing after putting forward the road bed which is suitable for the expressway of mountain area of limestone, through employ this optimize model, we can reduce the amount of road bed excavate, thus maximum reducing slope excavate destruction to environment and pollute ; according to limestone mountain area expressway characteristic of the cutting slope, we use the law of finite element and rmr of revision carry on stability analyze and appraise to their side slope ; combine the limestone rock body characteristic of mountain area, we have analyzed the corresponding side slope safeguard procedures

    論文主要研究了以下四方面問題:第一，路基開挖優化。在分析石灰巖山區環境特徵的基礎上，探討了石灰巖山區路線設計的原則與方法;在應用有限元數值分析方法對邊坡的開挖穩定性進行分析的基礎上，提出了陡開挖強支護的石灰巖山區高速公路的路基開挖方式，並建立了填挖平衡，開挖面積最小的石灰巖山區高速公路的路基開挖量優化模型;結合石灰巖山區巖體特性，探討分析了相應的邊坡防護措施。第二，土石方處理及自然水系調治恢復。
  17. Although it has a relatively small land area, it has a population of nearly 60 million people, making it one of the most densely populated countries in the world

    它的土地面積相對較小，但是他擁有將近6億的人們，這就使得這里成為世界上最擁擠的國家之一。
  18. 2. in chapter 2 and chapter 3, we respectively design pid controller using the three methods for stable processes, integrating and unstable processes. the pid controller performances of the individual process are compared with both deterministic performance and robustness

    針對一階加純滯后、二階加純滯后、非最小相位、積分和不穩定過程，從確定性性能指標和魯棒性性能指標兩方面定量比較了同一種對象採用不同設計方法所得到的pid控制迴路的控制效果。
  19. Finally, the two dimensional flow in the diffuser is calculated, the results show that the change of ma makes an effect to the performance of the diffuser. owing to the accretion of ma, the action of oblique shock waves and the boundary layer pricks up, the flow separates from the wall where the shock waves impinge on the boundary layer more quickly, the cluster of diamond shock waves becomes larger. moreover, by comparing the change of flow field under different structure parameter, it is found that the augment of length of constant area section alter the structure of fluid field little, a smaller area ratio and larger angle of compression section make the diffuser working better

    最後，針對擴壓器中的二維流場進行了數值模擬，結果表明馬赫數對擴壓器性能影響較大，隨著馬赫數的增大，擴壓器管道內激波-附面層干擾加劇，流動從附面層分離相應加劇，激波串數目增多;通過比較不同結構參數下的擴壓器內流場，發現等直段長度的變化幾乎沒有改變流場結構，只是對局部流場稍有影響，並且在其它參數不變的情況下，一定范圍內減小面積比a2 / a1和增大收縮角有利於擴壓器性能的提高。
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