短期債權 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [duǎnqīzhàiquán]
短期債權
英文
short term claims-
Bankers and other short - term creditors share the interest of stockholders and bondholders in the profitability and long - run stability of a business
銀行家和其他短期債權人股東、債券持有者同樣關心公司的獲利能力和經營的穩定性。The former mostly includes finance trench, which consists of urban maintenance and constructive tax, add - ons of public utility, urban land - using tax, the debt of local government, remise of urban state - own land - using right and special national debt capital, and so on ; administrative charge trench, which consists of apportion, raising the price of urban infrastructure products and services, and so on ; practicality investing trench, which mostly consists of corresponding capital for urban infrastructure provided by real estate exploiters ; other financing trenches, which consist of time - limiting remise of operating authority on urban infrastructure section, introducing into foreign capital, short term loan of civil financing institution, and so on. the latter includes the innovation on the main investors, which consist of the anticipation of civilian capital and other non - financing institutions, and the innovation on financing tools, which consist of project financing, investment funds on industry, municipal bonds and initial public offering, and so on
前者主要指以政府作為投資主體下的各種融資工具，包括財政稅收渠道（包括城市維護建設稅和公用事業附加、城鎮土地使用稅、地方政府債務、城市國有土地使用權有償出讓、國債專項資金等） ；行政收費渠道（包括攤派、提高基礎設施產品和服務的價格等） ；實物投資渠道（主要是讓房地產開發商為城市基礎設施提供配套資金） ；其它融資渠道（包括市政設施部門專營權有限期出讓、引進外資、國內金融機構的短期貸款等） ；後者則包括融資主體的創新（民間資本的參與以及其它非銀行金融機構的介入）和融資工具的創新（項目融資、產業投資基金、市政債券、股票上市等） 。Moreover, this paper discusses the feasibility of option pricing theory by adopting cases. on the one hand, it admits this method plays a key role in the realization of " debt - in - lieu - of - equity " of state - owned enterprises and appraising the value of potential earning - capacity ; on the other hand, it illustrates the application of option pricing theory in appraisal is still immature. for it can not meet the prerequisite of the theory ; its result will not be generally accepted and the quality of appraisal staff are relatively lower, this method is not applicable to business valuation aiming at equity alteration. thus it should not be regarded as a brand - new appraisal method to be promot ed in the short run. in the finial the thesis forms its conclusion on method application of superseding cost method gradually. generalizing the use of income method and developing the sense of using option pricing method
由於成本法所固有的局限性，無法評估出資產組配成具有獲利能力的整體資產的創造性價值，因此注重企業獲利能力的收益法已成為轉軌時期中國評估業的現實選擇，並進一步對收益法的起源、方法特點和適用性進行了深入的分析；運用理性分析與案例分析相結合的方法對收益法發展的新階段? ?期權定價法應用於企業價值評估的可行性進行了研究，肯定了這一方法對國企實現「債轉股」和評估高新技術企業潛在獲利能力價值的重大意義，同時對此方法應用於企業價值評估不滿足前提條件、評估結果的可接受性、及評估人員素質等方面說明了這一方法在資產評估領域的應用尚不成熟，尤其不適用於產權變動為目的的企業價值評估，因而短期內不宜作為一種全新的評估方法推廣。The research conclusion indicates : the listed companies of china choose equity - financing first, bond - financing second ; in the bond - financing, the companies prefer to current liabilities ; the factors which impact the financing structure are the profit, the growth, the dividend, the equity - structure, the repayment - ability and the bankruptcy - cost. next the author analyses the financing - cost of the listed companies of china
研究結果表明:我國汽車製造業上市公司首選股權融資，其次才是債權融資，在債權融資順序中，上市公司更加偏好短期負債融資而非長期負債融資;對我國汽車製造業上市公司融資結構的形成具有顯著影響的因素主要包括企業利潤因素、企業成長因素、股利分配因素、股權結構因素、償債能力因素和破產成本因素。The characteristics of home mortgages themselves determines that there will be poor liquidity of the assets and it is because of this that at present every bank closely restricts the term of the loan. a third defect is that there are large risks because the mortgage loan is a very long - term creditor ' s asset and the bank is faced with huge risks in the interest rates. in addition, credit risks will occur when the client losses their ability to repay the loan for any reason or when the client feels that the benefits of breaching the contract outweigh the losses and the bank, as the operator of the financial products as its main business, will promptly recover the mortgaged items
儲蓄期限一般較短，而按揭貸款的還款期限較長，銀行長期資產與短期負債不匹配，就不能化解未來不確定性帶來的風險；二是資產的流動性和期限呈反方向變動，期限越長，流動性越低，住房抵押貸款本身的特性決定了其流動性較差，因此目前各銀行都嚴格限制貸款期限；三是風險大，由於按揭貸款是期限很長的債權資產，銀行面臨的利率風險就很大；另外，當客戶因某種原因失去償還能力或者認為違約產生的利益超過違約所產生的損失時，就會發生信用風險，而銀行以金融產品為主要業務，即使收回抵押物，但如何處置不良資產仍是諸多銀行頭痛的問題。Abstract : analysis is made on how to determine the investment cost of short period, long period creditors rights and long period stockholders rights
文摘:對短期投資成本、長期債權投資成本、長期股權投資成本的確定進行了分析。Article 21 a long - term investment is an investment other than a short - term investment, including equity interests of different classes that are purposely held for more than one year ( exclusive ), bonds that are not realizable or not readily realizable, long - term debt investments and other long - term investments
第二十一條長期投資，是指除短期投資以外的投資，包括持有時間準備超過1年（不含1年）的各種股權性質的投資、不能變現或不準備隨時變現的債券、長期債權投資和其他長期投資。In the short term, the perceived cheapness of debt is persuading private - equity groups that they can make big profits from buying quoted companies
短期之內，在察覺到債券的廉價后，私人股權集團會相信他們可以從購買上市公司取得高額利潤。Component percentage method shows quickly the relative impor ? tance of current and noncurrent assets as well as the relative amount of financing obtained from current creditors, long - term creditors, and stockholders
成分百分比表示方法可以很快看出流動與非流動資產的重要性，以及從短期債權人、長期債權人、與股東處所籌集資金的相對數額。Thus, higher current or expected short - term interest rates lead to lower bond prices
因此，較高的當期或預期短期利率會引起較低的債權價格。To idiographic institution, the main causes of the debts forming are as follow : the finance rights and affair rights are digit in the process of the finance and tax system, the finance rights are up collecting, and the affairs rights are down moving, the finance gap formed in the process of the finance and tax system, the comparative economic shrink in the anaphase country reform, the finance ingathering became fewer : the political and the administration system reform is disjoint to the economic system reform, the village and town government financial action is lost echo obligation, the expenditure break through the budget, and so on, otherwise, the country financial system reform is lag, the invests are becoming bad for the country government intervention to economic field, the country government action is short of efficient criterion, cut down the centre transferring geld to the farmers and delay to carry out the legal payment ; the effective supervision to the loan is short of about national to the non - financial machine, and so on, so the debts form at last
但從根本講，還是制度的原因，是國家通過制度的安排來對利益進行重新分配，導致鄉鎮政府財政收入短缺，產生債務需求，最終形成債務。從具體的制度上看，主要有:財稅體制改革中的財權與事權的錯位，財權向上集中、事權不斷下移;農村稅費改革產生財政缺口;農村改革後期出現的經濟相對萎縮，財政收入減少;政治制度和行政管理制度改革與經濟改革脫節，鄉鎮政府財政行為失去應有的約束，導致開支突破預算等等，產生債務需求。另外，農村金融體制改革的滯后;鄉鎮政府對經濟領域的高度介入，出現經濟投資虧損;政府行為缺乏有效規范，截留老百姓的轉移支付款項、拖延履行法定支付義務;國家對非金融機構借貸行為缺乏有效監管等等，產生債務供給。The results suggest fraud companies have higher debt ratio and proportion of other receivable to current assets, slower short - term liquidity, have lower ratio of days " sales in receivables, adjusted operational cash flow per share and smaller equity ' s centralization extent than nonfraud companies have. beside non - fraud companies, fraud companies are easier to receive non - standard unqualified auditing opinion
實證結果顯示：舞弊公司與非舞弊公司相比有更高的負債比率、其他應收款占流動資產的比重，更差的短期償債能力，更低的應收賬款周轉率、調整后每股現金和股權集中度，也更容易被注冊會計師出具非標準無保留審計意見。Commercial banks are the high - indebted firms, and most of the funds for loans are from the depositors. when crises arise, the banks do not have the right to request borrowers returning the borrowed funds before the expiration, but withdrawing deposits at any time is the depositors ’ right. so there can be no adequate preparation by banks to deal with bank embarrassment, commercial banks will burst - up in the short term
商業銀行屬于高負債企業，而且用於貸款的資金大部分來源於存款人，當危機出現時，銀行沒有權利要求借款人在到期之前退還所借資金，但是存款人卻有權利在任何時間提取存款，這樣就有能造成銀行沒有足夠的準備用於應付擠兌，導致商業銀行在短期內破產。By most measures monetary policy is still incredibly loose : the rise in the short - term rates over the past year has been partly offset by a drop in bond yields ; and the yen ' s real trade - weighted value is at its lowest for at least 30 years
許多貨幣政策仍舊留有非常大的餘地：一年以上短期利率的提升已經通過債券收益的下降被部分的彌補；還有日元實際貿易加權值處于至少30年裡的最低。Besides, the results show that short financial leverage is significantly positively correlated with wacc. but the long financial leverage is negatively correlated with wacc, it follows that the listed companies in tele communication and computer line should increase the long debt despite the decrease while they should downsize the overall debt
另外短期財務杠桿與加權資本成本正相關，企業應適當降低短期債務融資，但是長期財務杠桿與公司資本成本負相關，說明上市公司應在降低債務融資規模時中應該提高長期債務融資的比例。The author comes to the conclusion that policy environment in china can provide more effective protection for short - term creditors, and the mobility of debt is the key factor which influences motivation function of capital structure
中國的制度環境能夠為短期債權人提供更有效的保護機制，債務的流動性是影響資本結構激勵功能的關鍵因素。分享友人