社會學原則 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shèkuàixuéyuánzé]
社會學原則 英文
societal considerations
  • 社 : 名詞1 （共同工作或生活的一種集體組織） organized body; agency; society 2 （人民公社） people s co...
  • 會 : 會構詞成分
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 原 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （最初的; 原來的） primary; original; former 2 （沒有加工的） unprocessed; raw Ⅱ動詞（原...
  • 則 : Ⅰ名詞1 （規范） standard; norm; criterion 2 （規則） regulation; rule; law 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ...
  • 社會學 : sociology
  • 社會 : society
  1. The barnard concept of cooperative social system pervades the work of many social scientists concerned with management.

    合作社會系統的巴納德原則已影響到許多關心管理的社會科學家的研究工作。
  2. Taboo words meet the needs of the cooperative principles by grice and face - saving purpose by sociologist goffman, which also shows the principles of calculability and cancellability while conveying conversational implicatures

    這一語言現象遵守了格萊斯的合作原則，也遵循了社會學「面子」問題的需要，體現了會話含義的可推導性和可取消性原則。
  3. See ronald dworkin, no right answer ? in law, morality, and society, essays in honour of h. l. hart, p. m. s. hacker and j. rax eds., clarendon press oxford, 1977, pp58 - 59

    關于憲法解釋與法律解釋的具體區別可參見韓大元： 《論合憲性推定原則》 ， 《山西大學學報》 （哲學社會科學版） 2004年第3期。
  4. Following are the main functions and effects of regional legislation : 1 the function of subdivision, i. e. regional legislation helps subdivide the fundamental regulations of the constitution and the laws ; 2 the function of complementarity, i. e. regional legislation is complemental to national legislation ; 3 the function of innovation, i. e. regional legislation can be regarded as experimentation to set up new social rules ; 4 the function of particular adjustment, i. e. regional legislation needs to flexibly adjust to special relationships of the local society ; 5 the function of power - control, i. e. regional legislation should provide legal guarantee and restriction for the regular running of the national departments

    本文從學理上分析、總結地方立法的功能、作用有：一是細化作用，即地方立法有利於細化憲法和法律的原則性規定；二是補充作用，即地方立法體現著對國家立法的補充作用z三是創新作用，即地方立法可作為創立新的社會規則的「實驗田」 ；四是特殊調節作用，即地方立法需要對本地區的特殊社會關系進行靈活的法律調整；五是權力控製作用，即地方立法要為現代國家機關的正常運作提供法制保障和約束。地方立法應當遵循的原則，決定著地方立法的發展方向以及地方立法作用的有效發揮。
  5. The paper begins with the past and present development situation of china graduate education and then analyses the inevitability of sharing the graduate education cost. it introduces evolvement of the sharing education cost mechanism and the tuition policy and compares the sharing mechanism and tuition policy with different countries at different time. it also introduces and analyses some important theories of sharing graduate education cost mechanism and the tuition policy, with the current research results and from economics and demotics viewpoint it concludes the payment capability rules and profit capability rules of sharing mechanism which is to conduct establishing the policies of tuition and investment of education

    論文從中國研究生教育發展的歷史和現狀出發，分析了研究生教育成本分擔的必要性；並對研究生教育成本分擔機制與學費政策的歷史演變作了介紹，比較了不同時期國內外的分擔機制和學費政策；介紹並分析了研究生教育成本分擔機制和學費政策的幾個重要理論依據，借鑒現有的研究成果，從經濟學和社會學的角度，歸納出分擔機制的支付能力原則和收益能力原則，用以指導學費政策及其他教育投入政策的制定。
  6. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  7. This chapter studies the concept and connotation of state immunity through comparison with such relevant concept as diplomatic immunity ; analyses the significance and complexity of state immunity from such different points of view as public international law, private international law and social economy, and at the same time states the state immunity is one principle of customary international law ; introduces four theoretical bases concerning state immunity : doctrine of exterritoriality, doctrine of dignity of state, doctrine of comity and doctrine of sovereignty equality of state, through historical review. although the author is in favor of the view that independence and equality of state are the bases of state immunity, certain degree of understanding and approval of different views are also expressed

    本文通過與外交豁免等相關概念進行比較的方法，來研究國家豁免的概念與內涵;從國際公法、國際私法、社會經濟的不同角度分析國家豁免的意義與復雜性，同時論述國家豁免是一項習慣國際法原則;並通過歷史性考察，主要介紹了治外法權說、國家尊嚴學說、禮讓學說、主權平等學說四種國家豁免的理論根據，作者雖然贊同國家的獨立和平等是國家豁免的根據，但是對于不同的觀點也持一定程度的理解和贊同。
  8. In the part of theory study, based on the research fruit which the scholars before had made, from the competition ' s and competitiveness ' s initial definition, the essential connotation can be dredged up. depend on the analysis of the charter and function, the city ' s functions can be definituded as which cluster is means and diffuse is purpose. that is, the function of cluster can streghten through diffusion, the integrative competitiveness advantage reflects those functions together flatly. so, based on the shanghai social & science academe ' s and ni pengfei ' s urban competitiveness model - - goss, quality and flux can be used to contain the abundance content of urban competitiveness, as a result, the urban competitiveness indicator system can be established

    在理論研究部分，在整合前人研究成果的基礎上獨辟蹊徑，從競爭和競爭力的原始定義出發挖掘城市競爭力的基本內涵，通過對中心城市特徵和職能的分析，明確了城市經濟集聚的目的是為了擴散，擴散才能進一步增強集聚的能力，而綜合競爭力的優勢則恰恰在這一點上集中反映了城市集聚和擴散功能的強弱；最後借鑒上海社會科學院和倪鵬飛的研究模型? ?用總量、質量和流量三個一級指標來涵蓋城市競爭力的豐富內容，並由此架構評價指標體系。
  9. According to this objective, drawing on the viewpoints of neo - institution economics, the first part of this thesis emphasizes on expatiating the meanings of institution and its evolution laws, the characters and habitudes of network economy, as well as the institution evolution in society, domain and enterprise arrangements ; the second part of this thesis analysis the infection and its mechanism of the before - mentioned institution evolution on enterprise competition while summing up the new principia, characters and patterns of enterprise competition in network economy ; the final part of this thesis argues the enterprise competing stratagem in different domain evolution phrases hi network economy as the conclude of whole paper

    有鑒於此，本文第一部分中吸收了新制度經濟學的理論觀點，著重闡述了制度的含義與變遷規律，網路經濟的特點和性質，以及由於網路經濟所帶來的社會層次、產業層次和企業層次的制度變遷；在本文的第二部分則分析了上述三個層次的制度的變遷對企業競爭行為分別產生的影響及其機制，歸納出網路經濟下企業競爭的新的特點，新的模式和新的競爭原則；在文章的第三部分則討論了網路經濟引發的不同演化階段的產業的特點，並分析了其中企業的競爭戰略。
  10. The writer studies this dissertation with theory of ‘ from field imparlance to field separation ’, who researches lots of literatures and analyzes some cases. writer analyzes the status of quo and the causes of formation. it stares us in the face that we should know the actuality of social responsibilities of media, and construct theory which adapts to china as soon as possible

    本文運用社會哲學的相關理論，在對大量文獻進行整理和研究基礎上，結合典型案例分析，試圖通過對我國新聞傳播事業實踐過程中媒體社會責任現狀及成因的分析，提出具有社會哲學價值支持的新聞傳播媒體社會責任履行的原則以及機制。
  11. The article believes, on this " becoming " theory point, the leisure philosophy of confucianists aimes at becoming saint and wisdom, and its character is automomy, so man gets happiness of growing up from it ; the confucianists are based on emotion principles in leisure experiencing, they advocate that people taste the meaning and pleasure of life in this way, which break away from themselves, society and god ; the confucianists take a social leisure mad in leisure organizational system, the confucian and music as a read line to impenetrate the whole social organizational system, and they make the social organizational system become the guarantee system and social environment, from which man can obtain self - fulfillment and experience enjoyment

    認為，在「成為」理論方面，儒家休閑哲學以成聖成賢為目標，以角色履行為途徑，以自主性為特徵；在休閑體驗方面，儒家以情感原則為基礎，提倡從擺脫自身、社會和「天」的約束中體驗生命的意義與人生的快樂；在休閑建制方面，儒家走社會休閑化的道路，禮樂作為一個紅線貫穿在整個社會建制中，使社會建製成為人自我實現、體驗快樂的制度保障和社會環境。
  12. This article contains three parts, namely, preface, body and conclusion. the preface mainly introduces the discussing subject and writing purposes of this article. body is divided into four parts : from the beginning of actio in rem and actio in personam in roman law, the first part detailedly inspects and analyses the formation process of the dual rights system in historical research methods ; the second part discusses the theoretical framework of the dual rights structure from the aspect of system ; the third part mainly analyses the middle rights and the integration of real rights and creditor ’ s rights and the reasons for the emergence of these phenomena, pointing out that the emergence of these phenomena is unevitable in civil law system which ajusts social relationship with systematic code, and how

    正文分為四個部分:第一部分採用歷史研究的方法，從羅馬法上的對人之訴和對物之訴出發，對物債二分體系的形成過程進行了細致的考察和分析;第二部分從體系化的角度討論了物債二分體系的理論構成，對其理論架構進行了總體上的研究;第三部分著重分析了物權與債權的融合和中間狀態及其出現這些現象的原因，指出在運用體系化的方法調整社會關系的過程中，出現物權和債權中間狀態的權利形態是不可避免的現象，並對如何正確看待這些問題進行了論證;第四部分在前文論述的基礎上，對我國一些學者提出的制定財產法和設立財產法總則的觀點的可行性進行了分析，指出無論是從我國大陸法系的傳統還是從技術層面來看，制定財產法或設立財產法總則都是不可行的。
  13. To ensure enough time for study first, i joined only one community named inaugurator union. it support various change to student to join social practice

    本著學習第一的原則，我只參加過一個名為「大學生創業協會」的社團組織，他給學生提供各種社會實踐的工作機會。
  14. This paper, takes rli as an object of study, takes property rights relationship and management relationship of rural land as a main clue, takes raising the management benefit into full play of rural land and ensuring rural land sustainable utilization as objective, uses the theory of western institution economics and market economics for reference, adopts the method of study of combining macro analysis with microanalysis and combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, reviews systematically the developing process of rli in china since the founding of our country and the developing tendency of rli in the world, summarizes the influence law of rli to rural land management benefit, analyses the innovative mechanis m. institutive achievement and being faced with difficult position and gauntlet of the present rli in china, and defines the objective and following principles of rli innovation proceeding from the actual conditions of our country. on the basis of these, constructs the innovative models by stages of rural land property rights institution and management institution, which accords with the market economic law and the law by stages of rural economic developing levels and gives consideration to efficiency and fair

    本文以農村土地制度為研究對象，以農村土地的產權關系和經營關系為主線，以農村經濟發展水平（包括農村生產力發展水平和農村工業化、城鎮化水平）和農民的承受能力為依據，以最大限度地提高農地經營效益、確保農地資源的可持續利用為目的，借鑒西方新制度經濟學理論和市場經濟理論，採用宏觀分析與微觀分析、定量分析與定性分析、規范研究與實證研究相結合的研究方法，系統地回顧了建國后我國農地制度的演變過程及世界農地制度的演變趨勢，總結了農地制度對農地經營效益的影響規律，分析了我國現行的家庭承包經營責任制的創新機理、制度績效及其面臨的困境與挑戰，並從我國的實際出發，確定了農地制度創新的目標及應遵循的原則，在此基礎上構建符了符合市場經濟規律和農村經濟發展水平的階段性規律、兼顧效率和社會公平的階段性農地產權制度創新模式及其對應的經營制度創新模式。
  15. While the social gender perspective, based on the feminist sociological theory, emphasizes the fact that the inequality in the resources of politics, economy, and culture between male and female is the deep reason

    而建立在女性主義社會學理論基礎之上的社會性別視角的女性犯罪原因研究，則強調男女兩性所佔有的社會政治、經濟、文化等資源上的不平等是造成女性犯罪的深層次原因。
  16. Combining economics, management, sociology and relative foreign researches, it presents organizing theory, principle and methodology in resettlement operation plan which were practiced in huai river project ( yancheng city ) with obvious effects. it also argues that resettlement management including funds management, contract management, project management and necessary procedures like compensation public notice, resettlement funds responsibilities, resettlement process & safety responsibilities, acceptance testing and resettlement evaluation have great importance in resettlement works of huai river project ( yancheng city )

    本論文的成果主要體現在：在借鑒國內外水庫移民研究成果的基礎上，運用經濟學、管理學、社會學的理論，對河道工程移民安置的理論和實踐及其移民的特點進行了深入的研究，提出了河道工程移民安置實施規劃的編制理論、原則及方法，並將成果直接運用於淮河入海水道工程（鹽城段）移民安置實施規劃中，規劃成果直接運用於生產實踐，取得了明顯的效果。
  17. The two categories have different directions. the dividend based on traditional finance is based on efficient market hypothesis. the dividend based on behavioral finance lead the psychology into the theory to explain the dividend policy 。 the dividend policy based on emh ( the efficient markets hypothesis ) face puzzle : 1 dollar cash dividend has no difference with 1dollar capital gain, in fact the investor pay no attention to the listed firms which do not distribute dividend. why so many listed firms make the decision to distribute dividend even cash dividend is taxed by 20 % and stock dividend is exemption from tax. why the price of the stock rise when the company make the decision to distribute dividend. the dividend policy based on emh do not rationally explain the puzzle of dividend

    通過尋求西方傳統和現代股利理論的研究軌跡，本文認為公司股利理論體系可以劃分為基於標準金融學的股利理論和基於行為金融學的股利理論兩大類。兩者的研究出發點和研究角度各有不同。標準金融學的股利政策理論是建立在有效市場假說和理性經濟人基礎之上的，而股利行為理論則引入社會學和心理學等學科的研究成果來闡釋和論證股利政策，從微觀個體的行為以及產生該行為的更深層次心理、社會動機來解釋、研究和預測個體心理決策程序對股利政策的影響以及如何運用心理學和金融原理來改善決策行為。
  18. This text will regard relation between scientific research and value as the breakthrough point, will investigate to the intension of value neutrality, analyse, put forward one ' s own opinion to the principle of sociology value neutrality on this basis, try to set up one in order to understand objectively " value neutrality " the possible thinking of the real meaning, offer reference for the objectivity studied how to obtain sociology

    本文將以科學研究與價值的關系為切入點，對價值中立的內涵進行考察，在此基礎上對社會學價值中立的原則進行分析，提出自己的見解，試著建立一種更為客觀理解「價值中立」真正涵義的可能思路，為如何獲得社會學研究的客觀性提供參考。
  19. Based on the application of special study frame of the comparative education between nations and the factor - based analysis method of sociology of education and some other research methods such as literature method, description method and comparison method, and guided by the method of logic and history, the dissertation, following the profound analysis to the limitations of the traditional instructional theories, makes a integration and analysis to the main content, the essential characters and the application and effects to the practice about the instructional theory of constructivism

    本論文主要運用比較教育學國別專項研究框架和教育社會學的因素分析法以及文獻法、描述法、比較法等研究方法，並以邏輯與歷史方法相統一的原則為指導，在分析傳統教學理論局限性的基礎上，對建構主義教學理論的基本內容、基本特徵和應用效果等進行了統整與分析，特別是站在辯證唯物主義立場，對該理論進行了比較全面、客觀而系統的評析。
  20. The principle, task and purpose of study on lawyers " psychology must conform to the needs of lawyers in dealing with their concrete matters, must follow the law of studies on sociology & psychology. and at the same time, emphasis should be placed on the study of lawyers " psychological quality & personality, the ability of psychological behavior, psychological endurance & psychological decision in practice

    研究律師心理的原則、任務、目的，必須服從于律師實務的需要，必須遵循研究社會學、心理學的規律，同時要注意研究律師的心理素質、個性特徵、執業中的心理表現能力和心理承受能力以及心理決策能力，要求律師養成良好的心理素質，具備全心全意為當事人服務的心理素質。
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