突加載荷 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [tūjiāzǎihé]
突加載荷
英文
sudden applied load-
Test results show that the steel fiber in concrete have more effectiveness on improving the splitting tensile strength and the flexural strength in the early age than after its hardening ; the flexural modulus of elasticity of sfrc are higher than the plain concrete at different ages while their compressive modulus of elasticity are almost the same. it ' s also shown that, similar to the plain concrete, the early - age loading decreases the strengths of sfrc, but, with the increase of the contents of the steel fiber things are getting better, especially for the splitting tensile strength and the flexural strength
試驗結果表明：與性能穩定之後相比，在混凝土中摻入鋼纖維對它的早期劈裂抗拉強度和抗折強度有尤為顯著的提高作用；對各齡期的受壓彈性模量影響不大，而對提高抗折彈性模量有一定的效果；與素混凝土試件相同，在早期（強度達到28天強度的85前）對鋼纖維混凝土試件施加荷載會對它的各種強度產生一定的不利影響，但是摻入鋼纖維可以減輕這種不利影響，尤其對劈裂抗拉強度和抗折強度作用突出，並且含纖率越高，效果越明顯。For long - span bridges, long - space spatial structure, high - rise buildings, high - rise tower, wind load is one of control loads for structure design, beside for the many use of kinds of the light weight and high strength material and many use of glass cladding, the problem of wind load on the building structure become more serious
對于大跨度橋梁、大跨度空間結構、高層建築、高聳塔桅結構來說，風荷載是其結構設計中主要的控制荷載之一，同時由於各種輕質高強度材料及玻璃幕墻的大量運用，使得建築結構受風影響的問題更加突出。In this paper, the three level fortification criterion, two stage design method and the elastic response spectrum theory are adopted, and the program of nba ( the program of nonlinear - aseismic analysis for beam bridge ) is used to calculate. through gathering, analyzing and calculating a lot of bridge design materials, this paper induces a simple way to calculate the relative displacement of the beam and the pier, and then according to the current design method, it concludes a better design principle of the supporting length of the beams. at the same time the dynamics is adopted to put forward the design method of the carrying capacity and the lengthen of prestress wire ( steel bar ) falling - off prevention structures of highway bridges
本論文採用三水準設防、兩階段設計方法、彈性反應譜計算理論，運用橋梁結構非線性地震響應分析程序nba （ theprogramofnonlinear ? aseismicanalysisforbeambridge ）進行計算；通過收集大量的實橋設計資料，經分析計算，歸納總結出計算上下部結構相對位移的簡便計算方法；並綜合國內外的經驗值，提出梁的支承長度se的設計原則；同時運用動力學突加荷載的原理，推導分析了預應力鋼絞線式（鋼棒連接式）落梁防止裝置設計承載力的計算方法和設計伸長量s _ f的取值；最後本文通過實橋計算，說明了落梁防止系統設計的方法。After the discussion of the numerical simulation method based on the fdtd method and the pml technique, the motions of the charges and the electrical field lines were first employed to describe the radiation procedures of the pulse electromagnetic waves. then the causes of how the charges are accelerated and how the motion status of the charges are maintained were further studied from the angle of interaction of charge and field. after these analyses, it was pointed out that the pulse radiation is due to the suddenly occurred time - varying electrical field ( displacement current ) in the open space. this view was further evidenced by two examples : one is the partly resistance loaded antenna, the other is the partly curved antenna. the radiation procedures of the pulse electromagnetic waves of many different situations were simulated throughout this paper with the contours and waveforms of electric field given. these figures are very helpful to the understanding of the radiation mechanism of the pulse electromagnetic waves
在討論了基於時域有限差分法和完全匹配層技術的數值模擬方法之後，首先從運動電荷和電力線的角度直觀地描述了脈沖電磁波的輻射過程，然後進一步從場與電荷相互作用的角度分析了天線上電荷是如何被加速以及如何維持其運動狀態的，指出了開放空間中突然出現的時變電場（位移電流）是脈沖電磁波輻射的根本原因.文中還對局部電阻加載的天線和局部彎曲的天線進行了研究，以進一步說明上述觀點.對多種情況下的脈沖輻射過程進行了數值模擬，並給出了電場的等高線和空間波形圖，這些圖形對理解脈沖電磁波的輻射機理非常有益But setting of strengthened floor will result in the sudden variation of structural stiffness and internal force, and will come into being weal story. the yield mechanism will difficultly " story column, weak beam " and " strong in resistance of shear force, weak in resistance of bending moment "
在風荷載作用下，設置加強層是一種減少結構水平位移的有效方法；但在地震作用下，加強層的設置將會引起結構剛度、內力突變，並易形成薄弱層，結構的損壞機理難以呈現「強柱弱梁」和「強剪弱彎」的延性屈服機制。The result of nanoscratching modeling showed that the load on the sample and friction force increased linearly at the initial stage. the load on the sample and the friction force increased suddenly when the film hardened
納米劃痕實驗的數值模擬表明， ti - dlc膜在壓頭劃痕初始階段，縱向載荷和摩擦力都呈線性緩慢增加，在某一點發生突變，這時膜發生了硬化。When there is original stage support only, the load ratio of surrounding rock gets more and more bigger with the increasing of crust stress, correspondingly, the load ratio of initial stage support gets smaller. when the initial stage support and the second support act each other, the load ratio of surrounding rock is more than fifty percent, and it has little change with the increasing of crust stress. the whole analysis of the surrounding rock and support shows that the bottom arch of liner and the feet of liner have serious stress concentration, so do the sidewalls and the foot of a wall of the surrounding rock
通過屈曲理論分析結果對比表明，彈性屈曲和突變失穩分析的結果比非線性屈曲分析的結果要大得多，非線性分析由於考慮了材料非線性和幾何非線性，因而結果與實際接近實際；當只有初期支護時，隨著地應力的增加，圍巖的荷載分擔率增大，相應地，初期支護的荷載分擔率就減小了；當有初期支護和二次襯砌共同作用時，圍巖的荷載分擔率在50以上，這一分擔率隨地應力的增加其變化不大；支護和巖體的整體分析表明，襯砌底拱及拱腳處應力集中嚴重，隧道巖體側墻及墻角圍巖的應力集中也較大。Abstract ： large horizontal axis wind turbine ( hawt ) runs in complicated environment, the load it endured is also very complicated. as the wind turbine become larger and because of the usage of the flexible tower and the glass fiber blade in hwat, the static and the dynamic problems of the hwat and it ' s component become more and more important
大型水平軸風力發電機組運行在復雜的自然環境中，所受載荷情況非常復雜，而且隨著風力機組的大型化發展，柔性塔架的出現、玻璃鋼葉片的應用，使得風力機及其零部件的靜動態問題更加突出。With the expansion of reformation and opening policy, transportation trade in our country has developed very quickly. traffic is heavy and the load of vehicle is growing, which greatly exceeds the value of highway vehicle. so some roads have to be used over its design parameter and some bridges are damaged
隨著我國改革開放的不斷深入，交通運輸業有了突飛猛進的發展，公路交通量和汽車載重量日益增加，遠遠超出了當年的設計計算值，致使公路橋梁遭到了不同程度的破壞，但仍在超負荷使用，改造和加固這些超限服役的橋梁迫在眉睫，如何找出一條既合理，又省錢，又不斷交（省時）的加固方案，已是公路建設者們的一道課題。With the countrywide increasing in train speed and running heavily loaded trains, the security issue of the railway is becoming prominence
列車全面提速並開行重載列車以來，線路負荷不斷加重，安全問題日益突出。分享友人