經濟的外律性 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jīngjìdewàilǜxìng]
經濟的外律性 英文
heteronomy of economics
  • 經 : 經動詞[紡織] （把紡好的紗或線梳整成經紗或經線） warp
  • 濟 : 濟名詞1. （古水名） the ji river2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 外 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面） outside; external side 2 （外國） foreign country 3 （以外） besides; beyond; in ...
  • 律 : Ⅰ名1 （法律; 規則） law; rule; statute; regulation 2 （律詩的簡稱） short for lüshi 3 （姓氏） a ...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 經濟 : 1 [經] （社會物質生產和再生產的活動） economy 2 （對國民經濟有利或有害的） economic; of industria...
  1. The external diseconomy and legal policy of environmental pollution

    論環境污染的外部不經濟性及法律對策
  2. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  3. Regarding this the domestic scholar also all has the elaboration, but this article attempts from the legal economic angle carries on some policies to several important disputes. precisely because the compulsory insurance involves to many benefit disputes. exteriority, the imperfect information moral hazard question widespread make the economic perspective useful

    本文試圖從法律經濟學的角度對其中幾個重要爭議問題和制度進行一些對策性分析，而正是因為強制保險涉及到多方的利益，其中的外部性、信息不對稱、道德風險等問題廣泛存在，使得法律經濟學的分析路徑是很有效的。
  4. In the 20 years of reform and opening, shandong peninsula is the typical area in china with rapid economic development. the transition of second and third industr ies has achieved periodical success, but are facing fundamental structural and in stitutional confilects at present. the paper analyses the status in quo, advantage s and disadvantages of the transition, discusses the trends and rational patterns, and put forward the countermeasures of the transition. the author attempts to us e economic functions analyzing two kinds of develop patterns so as to compare th eir advantages. the paper strengthened the importance of labor intensified indust ry which is often ignored ; find out the key point of the transition of capital in tensified industry, extraverted economy and the third industry ; integrating the development rules of industry and region, bring forward the method of “ choosing priority, half step and walk faster ” for the growth of knowledge economy which is widely noticed recently

    山東半島是改革開放20年來區域經濟發展較快、在國內具有典型意義的地區，該區二三產業的轉型已取得初步成果，但仍面臨突出的結構性和體制性矛盾.本文分析了山東半島二三產業轉型的現狀、利弊條件，探討了轉型的趨勢和適宜模式，最後提出了對策和措施.文中嘗運用柯布?道格拉斯方程進行兩種發展模式的對比分析以辨別利弊，強調了常為人忽視的勞動密集型產業的作用，論述了發展資本密集型產業、外向型經濟及第三產業的重點，結合產業和區域發展規律，對近來廣受關注的知識經濟的發展提出了「選擇重點、小步快走」的觀點
  5. It have given great harm to our economic and culture and zoology and human ’ s healthness so on. but it was later realatively to be made for the law and rule about the inbreak of outer species in our country. by far, we have not made a special law or rule to prevent the inbreak of outer species. even some law and rule about it have much problem and the system of managing is also confusion. to protect the diversity of biology and human ’ s healthness and the persistent development of economic and society, we should establish correct thought for legislation and make special law and rule to prevent the inbreak of outer species, and complete our existing law and rule, finally, form mult - departmental and harmony system of managing, and establish perfect law system to prevent more harmness caused by outer species

    到目前為止，我國還沒有一部專門針對防治外來物種入侵的法律法規，相關的法律法規也存在很多的問題，且管理體制也比較混亂。為了保護生物多樣性，人類的健康和經濟社會的可持續發展。我們應該確立正確的立法指導思想，制定專門針對外來物種入侵的法律法規並完善我國現有的法律法規，形成多部門的協調管理體制，構建一個健全的完善的防治外來物種入侵的法律體系，以防止外來物種對我國的進一步危害。
  6. In view of the content of o - verseas invetment, investments are eligible for a guarantee if the eeo - nomic soundness of the investment and it contribution to the develop - ment of the host country and it should be in the interests of the investor " s home country. in view of the types of overseas investments, eligible investments should include equity investment and non - equity direct in - vestment. in view of the host country, investments are eligible for a guarantee if exists a bilateral investment protection treaty with china or if exists the same international conventions of investment protection, which together with china join

    第三部分論述了我國海外投資保險制度中的合格投資問題，指出從海外投資的內容上看，合格的海外投資應有經濟上的合理性、法律上的合法性、對東道國發展的貢獻性以及符合投資者本國的利益;從投資的時間看，僅限於新的直接投資;從投資的類型來看，應包括股權投資和非股權直接投資兩種;從投資的東道國來看，通常應限於與我國簽訂有雙邊投資保護條約或有共同參加的關于投資保護的國際公約。
  7. Meantime, it, in the light of concerned foreign views and the brand new reseach achievement on domestic civil fraudulent contract in recent days, accompanied by utilization of some cases in contract laws, has been paid much attention to demonstrating and analying the contents of civil offense, such as, reasons, features, classifications, key components, validity, legal duties and character. this thesis is expected to be taken advantage in the fields of stud } ', prevention and related rules on civil fraudulent conducts by exploiting contracts as well as unifiable institution of civil laws. moreover, we hope to attract more scholars and legal experts who wound like to draw their concerns to the fraudulent conducts by using contracts and eventually develop our national socialism market economy in a sound way

    本文以新《合同法》確定的誠實信用原則為切入點，圍繞合同民事欺詐，參照國外相關觀點及國內當前有關民事欺詐研究的最新成果，結合有關合同法案例，就合同民事欺詐的存在原因、特點及分類，構成要件，效力和法律責任及性質等四個專題進行了深入闡述和分析，對利用合同進行民事欺詐的研究、預防、適用法律等以及統一民法典的制定均有一定的參考作用，同時也期望以此文引起學者及法律專家對民事欺詐的關注和重視，推進我國社會主義市場經濟的健康發展。
  8. Anti dumping procedures on the one hand are a way of trade protection, at the same time they also are the expanding of their domestic political disputes into the arena of international trade. in a considerable number of cases, foreigners allege that china is not a market economy, they claim that the government grants chinese companies subsidies and that for this reason the prices of chinese export do not properly reflect their market value. therefore, they turn to the prices of third countries as a measure to determine whether chinese products are dumped onto their markets

    在不少的立案中，國外對我國的經濟制度均採取了錯誤地理解，仍將我國視為非市場經濟國家，認為政府過度的給予企業的資助和補貼致使我國出口價格不能真實地反映產品的市場價值，因而參照「替代國」的價格確定我國的正常值並以此為據裁定傾銷；事實上，改革開放以來中國一直在向市場經濟轉型，經過十幾年的發展，我國大部分企業已經成功地進行了體制上的改革，實現了產權明晰，政企分開，企業作為市場經濟的主體獨立地在市場上自主經營、自負盈虧，企業正在向市場化邁進，我國已經努力實現了取消全部的指令性計劃，讓市場按市場規律發展。
  9. Part iii will analyze roughly the inherent defects in the independent director system brought about by the subjective and objective restrictions on the independence of a director. the main part of the thesis will be part iv - independent director system in china and part v - several thoughts on improving independent director system in china, to which the author has given her priority and preference. in these two parts, general discussions have been made on the emergency and necessity of introducing and establishing the independent director system in china, detailed discussions have been made on how legislation, implementation of laws, and supervision over the company activities can make sure that after its introduction and establishment, the independent director system can play its function and role properly in such a market economy as in our country and finally move forward the perfection of corporate governance of listed companies in our country to adapt our security market more to the opening to the outside world, to meet the challenge of wto and the needs to enter the international capital market, and to promote the fast and healthy development of our socialism market economy

    第一和第二部分詳細介紹了這一制度的產生背景、淵源及在世界范圍內的發展概況，獨立董事的地位和作用（尤其是著重剖析、介紹了其法律功能和選聘程序） ；第三部分簡要分析了董事獨立性的主客觀限制為這一制度帶來的固有缺陷；作為本文主要部分的第四部分「獨立董事制度在中國」和第五部分「對完善我國獨立董事制度的幾點思考」 ，是筆者用墨最多的一處，其中，除了泛泛而談在我國引入和建立這一制度的必要性和緊迫性以外，更多的是提出了如何從立法、執行和監管等環節確保這一好的制度能在引入和建立后，結合我國現有市場經濟的特點，真正發揮其應有的功效和作用，以最終達到推動我國上市公司治理結構完善，適應證券市場對外開放，迎接wto挑戰和進入國際資本市場融資的需要，促進我國社會主義市場經濟的快速健康發展。
  10. It is concluded that the chinese residents ' saving behavior is different in various stages, the saving irregularity deepens as economy grows and the influential factors besides income have lagged effect of one or two years

    本文研究表明，我國居民的儲蓄行為在不同的歷史階段有明顯的區別，隨著社會經濟的發展儲蓄行為的無規律性會越來越嚴重，收入以外的其他影響儲蓄的因素主要存在一年和二年的滯後作用。
  11. Analise the motivation of this system, including tax motivation and non - tax one. this discussion of the legal theory of transfer pricing tax system is based on the principle of equal tax, it also discuss the criterias of many other country ' s related enterprises. examine, evaluate the principles of current transfer pricing law control, including total profit principle, arm ’ s length principle, comparable principle, as well as the solution provided by foreign country ' s related enterprises, such as comparable uncontrollable pricing method ; resale pricing method ; cost - plus method, and analise their advantages and disadvatages. it compares the transfer pricing tax system amoung development countries, and therefore putforword the related problem of china and provide solutions

    本文從國內外存在的真實案例出發闡述了跨國公司的轉讓定價行為對我國經濟的影響，分析了轉讓定價存在的動機包括稅務動機和非稅務動機，從稅收公平性原則、稅收法定主義、實質課稅原則來談轉讓定價稅制的法理基礎，以及各國關聯企業的判定標準，並審視、評價現行轉移定價法律控制的原則，包括總利潤原則、正常交易原則、可比性原則等，以及各國對關聯企業之間不合理轉讓定價進行調整的方法，如可比非受控價格法、再銷售價格法、成本加價法，分析了它們之間的優缺點。
  12. The chinese secur ities market is founded and developed in the planned economy time under the nutrition of the government, which made the chinese securities regulation legal system have the characteristics of the planned economy : the excessive administrative regulation., the monotonous regulation subject, the imperfect legal system, and the unclear and unscientific regulation goals. the condition of the financial depression in the country leads to the financial depression internationally

    中國證券市場產生於計劃經濟時代，是在政府的培育下產生和發展的，這使得中國證券監管法律制度帶有嚴重的計劃經濟的烙印：行政干預過多，監管力量單一，法律體系不完善，監管目標不明確，缺乏科學性，國內的這種金融抑制狀態必然導致對外的封閉。
  13. In order to meet the requirement of market economy and wto, the related department of our government has published the code of related with bill quantity of construction works, and has put forward the bill - of - quantity model in july 2003. based on the information above, we put forward the study of the bill - of - quantity model theory and its application in this paper. according to the advanced experience of engineering cost management in developed country and the present condition of engineering cost management in our country, this paper comes up with the reformation concept about engineering cost management

    中小企業融資都依託著一個包括外源融資與內源融資、債務融資與權益融資等多種融資方式和資金屬性的多層次、多側面的融資體系，為了支撐起這樣一個復合型體系，各國都在市場經濟的大環境下，不斷完善包括政策、法律、法規、金融服務、貸款擔保、專業化產權交易系統和社會輔助體系在內的環境建設，並在企業治理結構現代化建設方面加強了宏觀引導。
  14. However domestic unmature security marbet restrict amc ' s free shares transfer. my opinion is to improve and regulate by law in the course of d - to e. firstly, it is necessary to grasp d to e principle accuratly and construct strict qualification system, secondly, it is important to guarantee amc to enterprise system can keep amc ' s as shareholder control of d to e enterprise, and improve continuously amc ' s management level and efficiency. it is necessary to make special regulation about the duration periods and vavle of amc ' s egutity in legislation to sustain amc benefit, moreover, 13 to e also coordinate with state - owned ' s out - strategy and adjust ownership through social and. private cash input, these also help solve the problem of uvclear state - owned ownership entity ; at the same time, it is necessary to improve security market to widen the ways of share transfer, to be outward transfer as main transfer way, to cultivate institutional investor and reform equity system ; at last it is important to difine correctly bovernment ' s role and play its role. government should be in the nationwide view to organize, coordinate balance support regulate to guarantee d to e ' s performance

    筆者認為，債轉股實施過程中，應依照法律規范予以完善和制約，首先應準確把握其操作原則，特別注意嚴格把好債轉股的準入關;其次，切實發揮金融資產管理公司的職能作用，促使企業轉換經營機制建立現代企業制度，要確保金融資產管理公司作為股東對債轉股企業的最終控制權，不斷提高金融資產管理公司的運作水平和效率，並且在立法上對債轉股中的股權的存續和價值的保護進行特別規定，以維護金融資產管理公司的合法權益;再者，債轉股還要與國有經濟的戰略性退出相結合，進行必要的產權結構調整，通過引入社會資金、民營資本等其他成分徹底解決國企產權主體虛位和產權不明晰的現象;同時，要完善資本市場，積極拓寬股權的退出通道，把對外轉讓作為股權的主要退士方式，培育機構投資者，改革股權制度;最
  15. The article consists of five parts except of foreword and end word. in the first part, i analyze the function and specialty of maximum amount mortgage, pointing out that maximum amount mortgage has the value of making economy and law carrying into effect and circulate necessary funds and draw commodity circulation function, which is not passed for other mortgage. the generate of maximum is not as same as traditional civil law mortgage ' s general rule - subordinating or accessory features, what are guarantee by which are not defined creditor ' s right in future

    本文除前言和結語外，共包括如下五個部分：第一部分分析最高額抵押的功能和特徵，指出最高額抵押具有實現經濟和法律的效率價值及融通資金和引發商品流通的功能，這是一般抵押權所不具備的；最高額抵押的產生打破了傳統民法抵押權的一般原則? ?附隨性或從屬性特徵，其所擔保的一般為未來發生的不確定債權，但設立時要預定最高額，不約定最高擔保額不成其為最高額抵押權。
  16. Integrated with domestic and foreign economical theory that people have obtained common consensus, mainly based on data in yearbook of china transportation & communications, making use of exploratory data analysis method and factor analysis method etc., the dissertation aims to find out the law and tendency of communications and transportation ' s development, make economic forecasting, test reliability and feasibility of all sorts of economical theory and recommend for all or different governments and enterprises

    本論文主要從交通統計年鑒數據出發，結合國內外已取得共識的經濟理淪，運用探索性數據分析和因子分析等方法，藉以找出交通運輸業發展的規律性及其發展趨勢，用以作經濟預測，檢驗各種經濟理論的可靠性和可行性，並為各級政府和企業的經濟決策提供數量化建議。
  17. With the rural urbanization and sharing - system - company reformed from village - enterprise, the standard collective property rights is on its road, economically and legally

    其外在表現為鄉村企業的股份制改造，在此基礎上建立了現代經濟與法律意義上的集體性財產權利。
  18. Above all, the paper sums up research conditions of economic contacts between china and other countries, considers that spatial interaction is the fundamental relationship in all kinds of economic contacts, introduces the major directions of economic contacts that make the important function for urban development

    首先總結了國內外對經濟聯系的研究情況，認為空間相互作用是區域間發生與發展各種聯系的根本機制所在，介紹了主要經濟聯系方向理論對城市發展的規律性作用。
  19. One, notarization possesses the function to certify the authenticity and legality of the legal facts and documents and prevents illegal acts. additionally, it represents the state to intervene properly in the private fields and functions as judicial prevention and judicial supervision. two, the development of the market economy needs a set of judicial regulation with the character of low cost, simple procedure, fast efficiency and full function

    第二章從三個方面分析了公證成為社會信用建設之中堅力量的理論根據: （一）公證具有證明法律事實、文書的真實、合法性，以及作為一般的民事違法行為的預防工具的法律服務功能，此外，公證是國家公權力對私權一定領域的干預，輔助國家進行間接管理，發揮司法預防和司法監督的職能作用; （二）市場經濟的發展，需要一個與之相適應的低成本、簡程序、高效率、功能完備的司法制度體系。
  20. In chapter 1 : based on two basic theories, with financial and law these two angles, analyzing the necessaries of merchant bank capital supervision ; chapter 2 : through introducing basel capital accord ' s evolving process, discussing capital supervision ' s developing direction. based on many countries and areas " reform process and experience, and then come to the conclusion : basel capital accord is an inevitable tendency of international banking industry capital supervision. chapter 3 : by analyzing the present situation, pointing out the positive aspects and some short points of china ' s existing capital supervision legal system

    本文首先闡述了對商業銀行資本監管的兩個理論基礎，從金融經濟的角度和法律規定的角度，研究了商業銀行資本監管的必要性;其次從《巴塞爾資本協議》這個國際規范的演變過程來探討資本監管的發展方向和經驗啟示，在探討各國應對《巴塞爾資本協議》的改革經驗上，揭示了《巴塞爾資本協議》是國際銀行業資本監管的必然趨勢;然後並在此基礎上通過我國商業銀行現狀的分析，研究了我國現行資本監管法律制度積極方面和存在的不足;最後本文對如何完善我國商業銀行資本監管制度提出了一些構想，在體現國際新的資本監管制度的同時立足本國國情，主張以《巴塞爾資本協議》為範本，從內部和外部兩個方面完善監管法制。
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