縱向索具 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zōngxiàngsuǒjù]
縱向索具
英文
fore-and-aft tackle-
There are four parts excluding the preface : part i analyzing the three stages of the institution evolution of issuing market, we can get some conclusions : first, the formation of the issuing institution be influenced by some history events, the developing direction of the issuing institution has been decided by some history conditions ; second, although the issuing market has been controlled strictly by our government, it has its own trend to be more unrestrained ; third, itffiuseful to make a foresight study on the long - term development on the issuing market. part ii introducing the abroad issuing institutions which include u. s. a, england, germany and h. k. we can know the reforming directions
本文除前言之外，共分四個部分：第一部分縱向考察了我國股票發行制度演變的三個階段，通過對三個發展時期改革探索的分析，筆者認為： （ 1 ）我國股票發行制度演變初期明顯受到具體實踐與歷史條件的影響，特定的歷史條件決定了我國股票發行市場初期的制度選擇； （ 2 ）發行市場制度演化雖然受到了政府的引導和控制，但仍表現出不可逆轉的市場化趨勢； （ 3 ）目前股票發行市場制度建設已經由初期的單一子制度探索過渡到了全面制度建設時期，這時深入的、前瞻性的研究對我國股票市場制度建設意義重大。The article has researched the intention of agricultural industrialization which is guided by market and mainstay enterprises, based on agricultural product base organized by a lot of families, and characterized by joint management and mutual benefit. it also realized production specialization, product commercialization, service socialization and etc. the article has also researched the existing conditions of agricultural industrialization both at home and abroad. although it is different in national conditions and actual practice, the developed countries follows the market economic law and naturally steps on the road of agricultural industrialization. as the continuous reforming and opening up, china actively explores and enhances the management level of agricultural industrialization. the writer uses system changing theory, scale management theory, trade expense theory. market system theory and industrial economics theory, to put forward the main type of mainstay enterprises, which is divided by ownership, organization form, contact form and product. the writer thinks that development of mainstay enterprises can promote effective joining between small production and big market, the developing of high - benefit agriculture, establishing trade / industry / agriculture operation system, region economics and joining process between urban area and rural area. the existing conditions in strengthening the mainstay enterprises in zhaoyuan embodies continuous expanding in scale. continuous widening in fields, continuous enhancing in benefits, continuous improving in techology and quality. by finding the problem and shortage in product quality, developing ability and scale strength, the article has put forward the following views : face to market and enhance quality and techological content of agricultural products ; enforce flexible policy and investments ; establish fair and reasonable benefits joining system. the article has also put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on enhancing the enterprises ' management level
文章研究了農業產業化經營的內涵，明確其以市場為導向、以龍頭企業為依託、以一大批農戶組成的農產品生產基地為基礎，形成農工商有機結合、風險共擔、利益均沾的本質特點，表現出生產專業化、經營一體化、企業規模化、產品商品化、服務社會化等特徵。分析了國內外產業化經營的現狀，認為盡管各國的國情不同，具體的做法和叫法不盡相同，但是經濟發達國家都遵循市場經濟規律，很自然走上了農業產業化經營的道路，發展中國家紛紛仿效，中國也隨著改革開放不斷深入，積極探索發展提高農業產業化經營水平。作者運用制度變遷理論、規模經營理論、交易費用理論、市場機制理論和產業經濟學理論，提出了龍頭企業從所有制形式、從組織形式、從聯系方式及從產品上劃分的主要類型；認為發展龍頭企業有促進小生產與大市場的有效對接、推動優質高效農業縱深發展、建立貿工農一體化運行機制、振興區域經濟、加速城鄉一體化進程等作用；考察了招遠市壯大龍頭企業推進農業產業化的現狀，表現在規模不斷擴大、領域不斷拓寬、效益不斷提高、技術不斷改進、質量不斷提高等方面；找出了龍頭企業產品質量上、開發能力上、規模實力上和行業自律上的問題和差距，提出了要面向市場，努力提高農產品的質量和科技含量，多策並舉，搞活投入機制，建立公平合理的利益聯結機制，加強行業自律，提高企業經營管理水平等對策和建議。The whole thesis is made up of four parts. the first section inspects the exploring history of farmers - self - governing at vertical angle in order to explain the historical inevitability, probes into the social basis of the system of farmers - self - governing so as to explain that the system is based on the deep - seated theoretical and realistic foundation
全文共分四部分：第一部分：先從縱向角度對村民自治的求索歷程進行歷史考察，說明其產生發展的歷史必然性；在此基礎上，再從橫向角度探索村民自治的社會基礎，旨在說明村民自治具有深厚的理論與現實底蘊。
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