置換作用 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhìhuànzuòyòng]
置換作用 英文
metathesis
  • 置 : 動詞1. （擱; 放） place; put; lay 2. （設立; 布置） set up; establish; arrange; fix up 3. （購置） buy; purchase
  • 換 : 動詞1. （給人東西同時從他那裡取得別的東西） exchange; barter; trade 2. （變換; 更換） change 3. （兌換） exchange; cash
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 置換 : displace; substitute; supersede; substitution; replacement; permutation; transposition; transposi...
  1. The ultrasonic dynamic contact of bolt - clamped transducer and rigid plane are modeled using hertzian contact theory, and the analyzing results reveal that the nodal plane of the bolt - clamped transducer is levitated in normal direction by the ultrasonic dynamic contact action, and the real area of contact of bolt - clamped transducer and rigid plane decreases in the same time

    首先利用赫茲接觸理論建立了夾心式換能器和剛性平面的超聲動態接觸模型。通過對模型進行分析、求解表明，在縱向超聲頻率動態接觸作用下，換能器節面位置產生了上浮，換能器端面與剛性平面的動態真實接觸面積比靜態時減少了。
  2. Modern stirling engine can be divided into two main categories-displacer type machines and double-acting machines.

    現代的斯特林發動機可分成兩大類：置換式發動機和雙作用發動機。
  3. It could be used for simulating study in aeronautical weapon. there is a set of hold - range transfer mechanism and friction drive system in the equipment. it also used a set of hydraulic system to drive the equip in right position for multiple parameters detecting and made extrusion stress in limited range

    在裝置中，採用了同步帶傳動機構及摩擦驅動裝置，並採用了液制系統進行驅動檢測參數要求的換位和摩擦輪的壓力調節，保證了檢測裝置的正確位置和摩擦輪接觸正壓力的有效工作范圍。
  4. The free - phosphine carbene ruthenium complex [ 1, 3 - bis ( 2, 6 - dimethylphenyl ) - 2 - tetrahydroimidazol [ ( c5h5n ) 2 ( cl ) 2ru = chph ( 8 ) was prepared by the reaction of [ 1, 3 - bis ( 2, 6 - dimethylphenyl ) - 2 - tetrahydroimidazol ] ( pph3 ) ( cl ) 2ru = chph ( 7 ) with pyridine and used as a highly effective catalyst for the cross metathesis of acrylonitrile with allylbenzene

    摘要設計了由1 ， 3 -二（ 2 ， 6 -二甲基苯基） 2 -四氫咪唑基苯亞甲基三苯基膦二氯合釕（ 7 ）和吡啶反應生成無膦型金屬釕卡賓化合物1 ， 3 -二（ 2 ， 6 -二甲苯基） 2 -四氫咪唑基苯亞甲基2 -吡啶基二氯合釕（ 8 ） ， 8作為高效催化劑用於丙烯腈和烯丙基苯的交叉交互置換反應。
  5. Second, the paper in - depth discuss the reinforce foundation operation mechanism of technique of composite grouting, including spray incise action of high pressure spray flow to soil, mill metathesis concretion action, and penetrate, split, crush action of serum to soil, etc. third, the paper in - depth study design calculate of composite grouting, design of composite grouting technic parameter

    其次，本文對復合注漿法加固地基的作用機理進行了深入的探討，包括高壓噴射流對土體的噴射切割作用、漿液與土的攪拌置換固結作用以及漿液對土體的滲透、劈裂、擠密作用等問題。第三，本文對復合注漿的設計計算、注漿技術參數的設計進行了深入的研究。
  6. The litter - resistance slowly closing butterfly check valve is developed a newest product based on our butterfly check valve, hydra - matic transmission to be add in the valve with unique design, new stuction and optimum performance, can be used pipeline of water supply and dring with such media : fresh water, sea water, sewage, raw water, ect. the valve should be installed at outlet of the water pump, in stapping the pump, the process of slowly closing after valve plate shuts rapidly. can be guard effectively against the destruction water hummer, so to ensure the safe operation of the pipline

    微阻緩閉蝶式止回閥是在我廠生產的蝶式雙瓣止回閥的基礎上利用能量轉換原理增設油壓緩閉裝置的新型模式止回閥，設計獨特，結構新穎，性能優宜，適用於凈水，源水，污水，海水等介質的供、排水管路中，安裝於水泵出口端，停泵時由於油壓阻尼作用法盤先速閉后緩閉，以消除破壞性水錘，保證灌路安全運行。
  7. Eaer to operate operate put the dress material on the machinestart pedal it can complete with nease change the lnob positon at the right side of the machine head it will realiz the change of stitch both upper and down adopting design of bearded needle it is unnecessary to thread the needle hat put the thread in the bearded needle feeding material in same step both upper and down sewing becomes moreasy cloth material wont be creased length of stitch distance will keep same wide working platform it is cibvebuebt abd flexible when sewing

    操作簡便，操作員把衣料放在機器上，啟動踏板即可輕松完成，變換機頭右側旋轉轉鈕的位置，即實現上下珠點的變換，採用鉤針設計，無需穿線線，將線置於鉤針即可，上下同步送料，縫制更輕松，布料不會起皺，針距長短保持一致，寬闊的工作平臺，使縫紉時更方便靈活。
  8. Meanwhile, fundamental principles about electroless tin plating by reducing agent and disproportionation reaction were explained. function of every component in the bath was explained that complexing agent can effectively change the potential of copper and tin, and accelerate the beginning of replacement reaction favorably ; reducing agent can increase the rate of chemical reaction and has the effect of promoting reaction dynamics too ; antioxidant can effectively prevent sn2 + in the bath from being oxidated ; additive agent a can improve the stability of the bath ; additive agent b has such effects as refining and brightening for the tin deposits, and it enlarges the range of brightening section ; additive agent c used as leveling agent can not only make the depostis level off, but also improve the dispersive ability of the bath ; surface - active agent can solve bubble problem which gathered on the surface of the deposits, and improve the surface quality of the deposits and the bath stability

    闡述了鍍液中各組分的作用：絡合劑能有效地改變銅、錫的電位，促使初期的置換反應順利進行；還原劑能加快化學反應速度，對反應動力學有積極的促進作用；抗氧化劑能有效地防止鍍液中sn ~ （ 2 + ）的氧化；添加劑a能提高鍍液的穩定性，添加劑b對鍍層能有細化和光亮作用，擴大了鍍層光亮區的范圍；添加劑c作為平滑劑，不僅能增強鍍層表面的平整性，而且能提高鍍液的分散能力；表面活性劑較好地解決了化學鍍過程中汽泡在鍍件表面聚集的問題，提高了鍍層的表面質量和鍍液的穩定性。
  9. Efficient to lose fat, adopt micro - computer technology to make the vibration strongly effect on the abdomen, which part with most fat of the body. inner - desighed strong motor effect on the organism directly. unique auto change direction mode, makes the full dimension vibration of the organism

    迴旋塑身腰帶運用微電腦技術，將強效振動裝置直接作用於脂肪最為集中的腹背部，內置的強有力的電動機直接作用於肌體，產品獨有的大幅度的水平移動自動變換方向運動模式，使肌體大范圍全方位共振，同時加快身體血液循環，微電腦控製程序可自動逐步增強產品運動力度，使用過程中自動轉換運動方向。
  10. The most studies were focused on the influence of soz on photosynthetic organ e. g. chloroplast in vitro and fumigating with high concentrations of soz. thus, those experiments could not reflect the real state of plant suffering from soz pollution in nature condition and it was very difficult to find out the mechanism of soz affecting photosynthesis

    我們採用與自然條件相近的野外開頂式熏氣裝置，用0 . 8571mg m ~ 3的低濃度so2長期處理油桐苗木，用近期發展起來的對植物無傷害作用的熒光測定技術和葉紅外820nm吸收測定技術，對長期低濃度so2對光合能量轉換效率及其機理進行了研究。
  11. In cuo + sio2 + tio2 / al reaction system, the element ti which is replaced in the reaction makes the microstructure of composite thin and the matrix strong. the mechanical properties of the composites fabricated by this reaction system are much finer than the ones fabricated by cuo + sio2 / al and cuo + tio2 / al reaction system. in cuo + tio2 / al reaction system, the wild phase al3ti is very large and it is disadvantageous to the improvement of composites " properties

    在四種原位反應體系中， cuo + sio _ 2 + tio _ 2 al原位反應過程中被置換出來的金屬元素ti細化了基體組織，並起到了固溶強化的作用，所制備的復合材料的微觀組織與機械性能明顯優于cuo + sio _ 2 al與cuo + tio _ 2 al原位反應體系所制備的復合材料。
  12. During the experiment of protein crystal growth in space carried by chinese re - entry capsule fsw - 2, the crystals of barheaded goose hemoglobin suitable for x - ray analysis were obtained both in space and earth as contrast group. the diffraction data of both crystals were collected, and the structures were solved using molecule replacement methods. the comparison of structures in space and earth indicate that, the interactions among molecules in crystal and subunits of molecule in space is weakened relative to the crystal on earth, there is a contact in the

    在1994年我國返回式衛星fsw - 2上進行的空間蛋白質晶體生長實驗中，獲得了適合於x射線分析的空間實驗組和地面對照組的斑頭雁血紅蛋白晶體，並收集了x射線衍射數據。應用分子置換法解析了結構，並進行了比較研究。結果顯示空間晶體的分子間和分子中亞基間的相互作用趨于減弱，在
  13. Trough the analysis of stabilization safety on tengzigou arch dam, some conclusions are obtained in the following : ( 1 ) tengzigou arch dam is safe under normal poll level ; ( 2 ) stabilization safety factor of tengzigou arch dam is about 4 - 5 ; ( 3 ) it is proved that combinatorial reinforcement measures are effective and feasible

    對藤子溝拱壩的數值計算和模型試驗分析表明： （ 1 ）藤子溝水電站在正常蓄水位作用下，壩體和兩岸壩肩是穩定的； （ 2 ）藤子溝拱壩的整體安全度大概為4 5左右； （ 3 ）東北院提出的對左岸泥巖層挖除處理並用混凝土置換的加固除險措施經研究表明該加固措施是有效、可行的。
  14. In this paper, chroma dc coefficients are selected as the carrier data because chroma dc coefficients are robust. also, alterable steps are used to select one part of the coefficients, so the watermark is imperceptible ; before watermark embedding, the watermark is divided into many parts, every part is individually embedded into one gop of the video, even if a gop is destroyed, the watermark can be extracted correctly, this methods promotes the robustness of the watermark ; in addition, in order to promote the security of the watermark, the user ' s id and password are used to generate chaos sequence by the chaos system which is created in this paper, later, watermark is mixed by the chaos sequence. also, the embedding position of the watermark bit is modified by one chaos sequence, so, unauthorized person can not extract or remove the watermark, since the embedding position is unknown

    本文認為，色度dc系數是魯棒性非常好的參數，因而選擇色度dc系數作為水印信息載體，同時，採用可變的步長選擇部分系數，保證了水印的隱形性；在嵌入水印時，本文採用水印信息「網格劃分」 、各子塊獨立嵌入視頻的方案，由於水印信息子塊是相對獨立的嵌入視頻中的每一相對獨立的圖組當中，即使某一圖組收到一定破壞，也能夠恢復水印信息，使水印的健壯性得到提高；此外，為了提高水印信息的安全性，在嵌入水印信息時，根據用戶輸入的id號和密碼，利用本文構造的混沌系統產生的混沌序列對水印信息進行變換，同時，對每一水印信息比特的嵌入位置也採用了偽隨機序列進行調整，這樣，未授權用戶不能提取水印信息，也難以擦除其中的水印信息，因為嵌入的位置是未知的。
  15. Firstly, gravel piles in soil were laid for compacting and consolidating soil, then gravel composite foundation was treated with dynamic compaction in order to form three - level soil that is gravel composite soil and high replacement ratio composite foundation and dense composite foundation

    該法先在填土層中設置好碎石樁體，利用擠密和排水固結的作用使其得到初步加固，然後對荷載影響深度范圍內的復合土體進行低能強夯處理，迫使樁體碎石沿徑向擴散，形成上部為密實的碎石二合土層、中部為擴徑后高置換率復合地基、下部為整體夯密復合地基的三層結構。
  16. Through the study with non - linearity friction on simulation model of the stabilized system, in theory the analysis of the angular acceleration loop ' s contribution is given. in testing platform, the measure devices of angular acceleration and velocity constitute the double loops, they are angular acceleration loop and angular velocity loop. and this experiment gives the proof that the angular acceleration loop could eliminate the errors which are taken by the motor ' s reversing

    最後，本文在理論上分析角加速度環對隔離度的貢獻；通過對含有非線性摩擦力矩的平臺穩定系統模擬模型的研究，從理論上驗證角加速度環具有克服摩擦力矩的能力；在實驗轉臺上加入由線加速度計構成的角加速度測量裝置，並與測速機構成角加速度環、角速度環雙環結構，驗證了角加速度環對電機換向誤差的消除作用。
  17. According to the definition and considering our country ' s special condition, the article points out that the key to realize the model of sustainable development is to build up a positive < wp = 8 > relationship between economy and population 、 resource and environment, so we take the model that remedy and develop at the same time when carrying out the strategy of sustainable development. according to this, in order to promote the sustainable development strategy, we should consummate our tax policies from four aspects as follow : firstly, set a just and effective tax system when distribute resources and regulate economy, by this way, we can promote the adjustment of industries, and improve the efficiency of resource arrangement ; secondly, set a relative tax system targets to promote the research of science and technology ; thirdly, design a series of tax policies targets to protect environment, and consummate our tax system in resource protecting ; lastly, consummate the related tax policies in improving citizen ' s comprehensive capability and social insurance

    鑒於此，我國的稅收政策也應從以下四個方面著手完善，以促進可持續發展：建立公平、有效的稅收分配和調控機制，促進產業結構調整，提高資源配置；建立以環境保護為目標的環境稅收政策，完善以資源保護為目標的資源稅收體系；完善稅收政策在促進人口素質提高及社會保障方面的措施。基於以上認識，本文進而對我國稅收政策在促進可持續發展戰略中的現狀作< wp = 6 >了分析，具體分析了我國稅收政策在促進科技進步，經濟結構調整，節約資源與保護環境等方面的作用與不足。我國現有的稅收政策在促進可持續發展戰略方面已發揮了巨大作用，對科技進步給予了越來越多的關注，對包括軟體行業在內的高新技術產業實施了各種稅收優惠措施；通過稅收政策有效調整了產業組織結構，促進了產業結構升級換代；通過各種稅費措施，對節約利用資源和保護環境都起到了積極的作用。
  18. Other areas include tissue and organ regeneration ; design of implants and prostheses based on control of biomaterials - tissue interactions ; comparative analysis of intact, biodegradable, and bioreplaceable implants by reference to case studies

    其它領域則包括組織和器官再生；植體和義肢根據生醫材料與組織交互作用的設計；及藉由參考例案以比較分析完整原型，生物可分解型和生物可置換型等各種植體。
  19. But how they interact with other substances, such as gold, acts as a proxy for that behaviour

    但是他們如何與其他物質交互作用，比如金，起著置換作用。
  20. Our aim is to provide reference data for the mechanism of the effects of ree on crops and the safety evaluation of re used in agriculture. 1. in soil culture experiment, re applications with appropriate dose in dry condition increased the contents of soil available n, whose no - effect value were 505mg / kg at eighth week, whereas higher levels of re had negative effects, re applications with both appropriate and higher dose in inundated condition reduced the contents of soil nh / - n and hydrolysable n. re treatment concentrations showed significant positive correlation with the contents of soil exchangeable re. and significant negative correlation with the contents of soil available p and soil ph value. there was no significant effects of re on soil exchangeable cations, but applications of re increased the contents of soil water soluble cations, especially that of ca2 * and mg2 +

    兩種培養條件下，稀土處理濃度與土壤交換態稀土含量成正比，與有效磷含量、土壤ph成反比，對土壤交換態鹽基離子含量無顯著影響，但通過置換作用增加了水溶態離子，尤其是ca ~ （ 2 + ） 、 mg ~ （ 2 + ）離子的含量；第二周稀土處理增加交換態zn含量，對交換態fe有降低作用，旱培條件下增加交換態mn含量，淹水條件下對其有降低作用；第八周稀土處理均提高交換態fe 、 mn 、 zn含量，其機制主要與稀土降低土壤ph有關。
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