群落遺傳學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [qúnlàyízhuànxué]
群落遺傳學 英文
syngenetics
  • 群 : Ⅰ名詞（聚在一起的人或物） crowd; group Ⅱ量詞（用於成群的人或物） group; herd; flock
  • 落 : 落名詞[方言] （北方對蓮花落的俗稱） a kind of folk song
  • 遺 : 遺動詞[書面語] （贈與） offer as a gift; make a present of sth : 遺之千金 present sb with a gener...
  • 傳 : 傳名詞1 （解釋經文的著作） commentaries on classics 2 （傳記） biography 3 （敘述歷史故事的作品）...
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 群落 : community; cenosis; coenosis; coenosium; duriherbosa; coen
  • 遺傳學 : genetics; hereditism遺傳學家 geneticist
  • 遺傳 : [生物學] heredity; hereditary; inheritance; inherit
  1. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  2. The result of community investigation shows that the ecological environment in wuchuan county is most fit for the development of natural ginkgo. also because of the highest level of genetic diversity of wc population, establishing a conservation area here is necessary

    群落學調查研究結果顯示貴州務川縣具有最適合於自然浙江大學碩士學位論文摘要銀杏生長發育的生境，加之此處銀杏的遺傳多樣性水平最高，建議在此處建立銀杏自然保護區。
  3. This paper reviews current development in researches of the field of microbial diversity in polluted soils at home and abroad based on the methods of isolating culture and biomarkers, and the knowledge of microbial diversity from the angles of different ecological levels, and explores advanced approaches, new ideas and issues in the research on soil microbial ecological processes aiming at new problems in soil pollution the world is faced with

    本文基於分離培養以及生物標志分子方法，從不同生態層次上認識微生物多樣性，較全面、系統地綜合評述國內外污染土壤環境的微生物群落功能、結構及分子遺傳多樣性的研究進展，並針對新形勢下土壤污染所面臨的新問題，探討了近期土壤微生物生態學過程研究的重要手段與科學問題。
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