自上方下 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zìshàngfāngxià]
自上方下 英文
exit above
  • 自 : Ⅰ代詞（自己） self; oneself; one s own Ⅱ副詞（自然;當然） certainly; of course; naturally; willin...
  • 上 : 上名詞[語言學] （指上聲） falling-rising tone
  • 方 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方形; 方體） square 2 [數學] （乘方） involution; power 3 （方向） direction 4 （方面） ...
  • 下 : 下動詞1. （用在動詞后,表示由高處到低處） 2. （用在動詞后, 表示有空間, 能容納） 3. （用在動詞后, 表示動作的完成或結果）
  1. Firstly, due to the limitation of acquaintanceship the peasats mutual enthusiasm was wrongly regarded as their socialist enthusiasm, which resulted in the equalitarian distribution and impinged the middle peasants " interests ; secondly, the mistake of " left " was inevitable because the " left " policy was carried through from the top to the lower by executive orders, although the prorincial committee of hunan attempted to resist the mistake of " left " ; thirdly, according to the policy of " uniting middle peasants ", the middle peasants were only the objects of unibus so they might be regarded as friends or enemies as well and they could be united or perished as well

    究其原因，主要是三個方面，第一，由於當時認識水平所限，把農民的互助積極性當作社會主義積極性，實行平均主義，這樣必然會侵犯、損害中農利益。第二，雖然湖南省委對「左」的錯誤努力堅持加以糾正，但「左」的錯誤用行政命令方式自上而下，無法避免。第三， 「團結中農」在實踐中把中農作看統一戰線對象，則既可做朋友，也可成敵人，也即既可做團結對象，也可成為打擊目標。
  2. T5 farmers ' practice ( upland rice planting up and down slope every two years ). the work under this treatment was carried out by farmers

    T5農民習慣種植方式（每兩年順坡自上而下種植旱稻） ，這個處理由農民自己實施。
  3. On one hand, the focal point that the interface circuit is designed lies in lining up the arrangement of the aerial data, have adopted one pair of ports ram to cooperate with the counter and realize the lining up of the data, on the other hand, interface focal point that circuit design transmission of data, part this finish mainly and interface of linkport of dsp, make data transmisst to dsp processor at a high speed, go on follow - up punish

    一方面，介面電路設計的重點在於對天線數據的整理排隊，採用了雙埠ram配合計數器實現數據的排隊，另一方面，介面電路設計的重點是數據的傳輸，這部分主要完成和dsp的linkport的介面，使數據高速傳給dsp處理器，進行后續處理。這個項目按照自上而下的設計流程，從系統劃分、編寫代碼、 rtl模擬、綜合、布局布線，到fpga實現。
  4. This design for mvbc system adopts top - down eda common design flow. circuit design adopts veriloghdl coding description. function simulation and timing verification adopt simulation tool vcs of synopsys inc, the logic synthesis tool and fpga programming tool adopt the quartus ii of altera inc, and the fpga advice stratix ii ep2s15

    該mvbc系統設計採用業界通用的自上而下的eda設計方法，電路邏輯實現採用veriloghdl硬體語言描述，功能和時序驗證的動態模擬採用synopsys公司的vcs ，而邏輯綜合與fpga實現採用altera公司的集成開發環境quartusii軟體以及stratixiiep2s15的fpga器件。
  5. Local governments at all levels too should simplify their structures and streamline their staff from top to bottom, step by step and in an orderly way

    地方各級政府也英國精兵簡政逐步有序地，自上而下地分流人員。
  6. Analysis the cause of china ’ s commercial bank ’ s operational risk. taking examples for shanghai pudong development bank and shenzhen development bank, it demonstrates operational risk measurement of our banking using income model of bottom - up. using the two bank ’ s annual data and other economic index approved that to apply operational risk measurement to our banking is feasibility

    以「浦東發展銀行」和「深圳發展銀行」為例，選用「自上而下」的收入模型法，利用兩家上市商業銀行的年報數據和其它一些經濟指標進行了操作風險度量的實證分析，證實了操作風險度量方法應用於我國的可行性。
  7. In the transition from planned economy to market economy system, our country has taken a reforming way from top to bottom in which the government occupied the leading position. the government ' s excessive interference, " power - money deal ", imperfect market system and implementing the legal norm loosely, resulted in a large amount of " rent seeking " behaviors breeding and spreading. these hinder ed the process of marketization, degenerated the social ethos, consume valuable social resources

    在我國從計劃向市場的體制轉軌過程中，國家採取的是政府主導的自上而下漸近式的改革方式，政府干預過深、 「權錢交易」 、市場制度不完善和法律規范執行不力，導致尋租行為大量的滋生和蔓延，阻礙了市場化改革進程，惡化了社會風氣，消耗了寶貴的社會資源。
  8. Against the way so called " top to down " by which most of the educational study deduct the certain theory, this paper prefers to use the collaboration of the way of " top to down " and the way of " bottom to up ", but the preferable way is " bottom to up " : i go near the world of the teacher ' s life, listen to the voice of the teacher, i make an attempt to keep the teacher ' s real situation, motion, chance and feeling, i welcome to invite readers to give an ear to their stories and understand the teacher ' s personal practical theory, also, expect me to do tiny but deep - ground task for verbalism in the educational study by standing the position on the chinese reality

    與當前教育研究中大量的從既有理論框架中推演出某種論點並加以論證的所謂「自上而下」的方式不同，本研究更傾向于採取「自下而上」與「自上而下」相結合併以前者為主的策略：走近教師的生活世界，傾聽教師的聲音，用敘事的方式盡可能保留實踐中的情境、流動、機緣、感受，邀請讀者一同傾聽故事，並以此為基礎展開對教師個人實踐理論的理解，也期望通過立足中國現實土壤的研究為教育研究本土化做一點哪怕微不足道卻是扎實的工作。
  9. The cooling in gradient method was applied, the uneven cooling speed was avoided

    通過工藝改進，採用自上而下的梯度式降溫方式，避免了降溫速度不均勻的問題。
  10. Based on top - down design method, the thesis discusses ip ' s soc design and integration technique

    本文採用自上而下的設計方法，討論了基於ip核的soc設計與集成技術。
  11. This brute - force tactic for solving the problem of semantic transparency is what i call the top - down approach

    這種強行解決語義透明性問題的方法就是我所說的自上而下的方法。
  12. It is meaningful for providing farmers with satisfied public service, and the development of rural economy and promoting the living standard of farmers ’. based on both theories and practice, this thesis introduces the successful experience of the marketazition of rural public services in the united states, japan, korea and chile. taking into the account the specific situation of china, analysis the result and existent problems of rural public services, the thesis points out that the basic

    通過對先進經驗的學習，結合我國的國情，對我國農村公共服務市場化的成績及存在的問題進行分析，從轉變明確政府職能、提供健全的法律和技術保障、建立自上而下的農戶自主決策機制以及科學劃分農村公共產品的屬性等方面進行了探討，從而試圖找到一條符合我國農村實際的公共服務市場化道路。
  13. The second part has the dialectical thinking about the two regulation ' s generation styles which enacted from top to bottom and spontaneous in the enlightenment of hayek ' s spontaneous order theory, and puts forward the key to the organic integration of two styles

    第二部分在哈耶克自生自發秩序論的啟示下，對自上而下制定與自生自發兩種制度產生方式進行了辨證思考，並提出了實現兩者有機融合的關鍵所在。
  14. In the entire course of the experiment, some new teaching methods, together with some effective methods in tradition are adopted. what ' s more, a number of drills of integrated skills of reading and writing are designed and put into use in class. after analyzing the results of the experiment, the author of this thesis elaborates the influence on writing by teaching work of reading by five aspects, referring to the relationship between reading and writing

    教學實驗中，教師充分認識了goodman藝回0碩士學位論文wmasthr 』 stiwis自上而下的閱讀模式和rumelhart的相互作用閱讀模式，結合傳統閱讀教學中一些行之有效的教學方法，採用了「先見森林后見木」的教法，並在教學過程中有機穿插了大量的閱讀寫作實踐訓練。
  15. Digital design platform using the " top - down " design methods, this product is the highest form of the component unit began as a component of the overall system to be considered according to their products in the mutual position, played the role and function of the realization of the establishment of such products constitute the graphic layout, through to design constraints, the key design parameters, such as design information capture products to concentrate on aircraft design intent, top to bottom to transmit design information products launched throughout the design process

    數字化機構設計平臺採用「自頂向下」的設計方法，這種方法是從產品構成的最頂層開始把組成整機的部件作為一個整體系統來考慮，並根據其在產品中的相互位置關系、所起的作用和實現的功能等建立產品構成的布局圖形，通過給定設計約束條件、關鍵的設計參數等設計信息，集中地捕捉產品整機設計意圖，自上而下地傳遞所給設計信息，展開產品的整個設計過程。
  16. This paper gave the following conclusions ? ational curriculum standards are necessary and important for keeping the quality and level of curriculums and instructions in national wide ; national curriculum standards should face the whole country and possess the quality for generalization, and meanwhile, it should allow the multiplicity and flexibility in order to have the certain function and practical significance ; national curriculum standards should have the core framework or the themes which has the quality for instruction and manipulation ; during the development of the standards, it is important to make cooperation with the government educational department, professional groups, teachers, etc. in order to improve the quality of the standards and their acceptance of the standards ; the implementation of national curriculum standards is an up - down transition and the effective interactions among all the stages are very important

    本文認為國家課程標準對于在全國范圍內維持課程與教學的水平和質量是必要的和重要的；國家課程標準必須面向全國，具有可以普遍推廣或應用的性質或價值，同時又要允許多樣性與靈活性的存在，才能具有較為確定的作用和實踐意義；國家課程標準要有確定的核心框架或主題內容，要注意其指導性與可操作性；在國家課程標準研製中，要注意政府教育主管部門、專業團體、教師等的多方合作與協同努力，提高標準研製的質量與標準的認同程度；國家課程標準的應用過程，有一個自上而下的轉換過程，因此，各層面的工作的有效轉化與互動相當重要。
  17. Dr. hu ruifa also pointed out that the current extension method being used should be based on the farmers needs and combines the top - down and bottom - up method together to effectively promote extension of animal husbandry and better provide the farmers with animal husbandry technologies and services

    胡瑞法博士還指出現在的推廣方法應該轉變為以農民需求為主，採用自下而上和自上而下相結合的推廣方法才能夠有效促進畜牧推廣工作，更好地為農民提供畜牧技術服務。
  18. We use different criterions and angles based on the past teaching theory and the result of the relative subjects research to construct the teaching model. by inducing and deducing, the two basic ways of creation, we can construct the application models of teaching theory as follows : ( 1 ) according to the differences of teaching theories operation method or direction. the application models of teaching theory can be divided into two types, one is from top to bottom, the other is from bottom to top

    我們從不同的標準、不同的角度，在歸納總結以往教學理論應用經驗的基礎上，並結合相關學科的研究成果，通過歸納和演繹兩種基本的生成方式，對教學理論應用模式進行理性建構，大致可以歸結為以下幾種： （ 1 ）按照教學理論運作方式或方向的不同，教學理論應用模式有自上而下模式、自下而上模式之分。
  19. Abstract : according to the system of regionalization of natural disaster presented by authors, this paper produces the basic units of natural disaster from the physical geographical elements. combined with the natural disaster database and the method of bottom - up merging, 110 natural disaster areas is achieved. furthermore, by using the top - down dividing method, the comprehensive regionalization scheme of agricultural natural disaster is achieved, with 5 natural disaster realms, 23 natural disaster regions and 110 natural disaster areas

    文摘:根據作者提出的全國農業自然災害綜合區劃的思路，以自然地理要素形成基本單元，結合自然災害報刊數據庫系統，運用自下而上區域合併的方法，得到了全國自然災害區劃小區;運用自上而下區域劃分的方法，將全國農業自然災害劃分為5個大區、 23個區和110個小區，得到了全國農業自然災害綜合區劃方案
  20. Juliet : at once ? to cease your efforts and leave to my grief. i will send to you tomorrow. a thousand times goodnight

    朱麗葉停止你的求愛，讓我一個人獨自傷心吧。明天我就叫人來看你。一千次的晚安！ （自上方下。 ）
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