舉證的責任 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jǔzhèngdezérèn]
舉證的責任 英文
burden of producing evidence
  • 證 : Ⅰ動詞（證明） prove; verify; demonstrate Ⅱ名詞1 （證據） evidence; proof; testimony; witness 2 （...
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 責 : Ⅰ名詞（責任） duty; responsibility Ⅱ動詞1 （要求做成某事或行事達到一定標準） demand; ask for; req...
  • 任 : 任名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 舉證 : put to the proof舉證方法 means of proof; 舉證責任 burden of persuasion; burden of proof; onus pro...
  • 責任 : 1. （應做的事） duty; responsibility 2. （應承擔的過失） responsibility for a fault or wrong; blame
  1. Audit, censorial, finance, prices and department of town enterprise administration are in the xiang jifei standard that receives a town enterprise to put forward collects fees, after the impeach of the unit that apportion perhaps fines and individual, ought to undertake investigate and obtaining evidence, belong to to the circumstance solid, concerned branch and upper body ought to be instructed suspend its action, to direct responsibility personnel, concerned branch is ok according to clue weight, give corresponding punishment

    審計、監察、財政、物價和鄉鎮企業行政治理部門在接到鄉鎮企業提出的向其非法收費、攤派或者罰款的單位和個人的檢舉后，應當進行調查和取證，對于情況屬實的，有關部門和上級機關應當責令停止其行為，對直接責任人員，有關部門可以根據情節輕重，給予相應的處罰。
  2. Chapter 4 it is about harmonizing incidental obligation and relative contractual mechanisms. hereby the author proposes within his ability on issues, such as coincident performance counterplea, force majeure, definition of breach liability, breach of incidental obligation and burden of proof

    第四章本章探討附隨義務與合同相關制度的協調，對于附隨義務合同時履行抗辯權、不可抗力以及違約責任的定義、附隨義務的違反和舉證責任等問題提出一管之見。
  3. It consists of eight parts : from part one to part six the following are analysis and studies such as the definition and scope of products both at home and abroad, the definition and norms of judgement of the product defects, the imputation principle of pl, the subject of pl, the pl cause of counterplea, the compensation for damages of pl. etc. in part seven is a brief comparison between responsibility of quote and lawsuit limitation. and a conclusion is drawn from the above seven parts which will gives us some ideas about what we should learn and what will make it perfect for our pl

    第一部分至第六部分依次就中外產品責任法中產品的定義和范圍、產品缺陷的定義和判斷標準、產品責任的歸責原則、產品責任主體、產品責任的抗辯事由、產品責任的損害賠償進行了比較研究並就以上各方面我國產品責任立法必須完善之處分別在各部分進行了闡述；第七部分就產品責任訴訟中的舉證責任和訴訟時效進行了簡略的比較；結語部分就上述七部分我國產品責任法的可供借鑒之處和完善進行了結論性的綜述。
  4. We make sure that punitive compensation should involve businessmen ' s providing unqualified or fraud behavior and consumer ' s damnify

    法律應就經營者的欺詐行為作出舉證責任倒置的規定。
  5. It concludes that the realization of creditor ' s subrogation must follow the proceeding procedures ; the debtor is the third party without independent request right ; the object of creditor ' s subrogation is determined by the aim expansion method according to the legislation principle ; the creditor should quote to prove the existence of mature creditor ' s right between the creditor and sub - creditor apart from the quoting to prove the relationship as debtor and debtee ; and it is emphasized that the debtor is liable to cooperate to the quoting to prove the related facts ; the principle for the debtee to exercise the subrogation is the direct one

    認為債權人代位權的實現必須經過訴訟程序；債務人在代位權訴訟中為無獨立請求權的第三人；債權人代位權的客體圍繞立法宗旨採取目的擴張的方法確定；債權人除舉證證明其與債務人存在債權債務關系外，還要舉證證明債務人與次債務人存有到期債權，並強調債務人對相關事實負有配合舉證責任；債權人行使代位權的受償原則為直接受償原則。
  6. The article analyzes the characteristics such as professionalism, non - determinacy and riskiness, etc. of the acts of medical treatment

    以此為基礎，圍繞著醫療侵權訴訟的舉證責任分配這一主題展開論述。
  7. As the important constituent of the presumption rule, fact presumption is a rule of when the fact prove falls into the difficult position, according to the deduction by the common sense, the judge forms a temporarily inner conviction to the factum probandum under the proof standard, and shifts the subjective burden of proof between the litigants, thus helps the part to overcome the condition of facts prove

    作為事實認定的重要組成部分，事實推定是裁判者在案件事實的證明陷入困境時，根據經驗法則進行推理，在證明標準之下，暫時形成對案件待證事實的心證，並在當事人之間轉移主觀證明責任，從而避免訴訟陷入僵局，排除當事人舉證困難的證明法則。
  8. The third part of this article mainly discusses the causal relationship in market manipulation, which is a block of the enforcement of the law against market fraudulences. because market manipulation is a kind of special tort, the author agree on the use of the " proof to the contrary " theory to lighten the proof burden of the damaged party in causal relationship. besides, this part also discusses such issues as how to decide the scope of legal plaintiffs, how to assess the losses of the damaged party

    本文第三部分「操縱市場的因果關系研究」從民法一般的因果關系理論入手，並結合操縱市場的侵權行為中因果關系的特殊性，論述了操縱市場的侵權行為中因果關系是否成立的判斷標準，並主張對因果關系在民事訴訟中舉證責任的分配應突破「法律要件分類說」的要求，適用因果關系舉證責任倒置的做法，即由操縱市場案件中的被告負擔證明責任成立因果關系不成立的舉證責任，否則即推定因果關系成立。
  9. In the issue of this type, the subjects of the right of action only are those investors who deal with insider simultaneously in the opposite direct ion. the rule of burden of proof inverted is suitable to the issue of inside dealing

    在該類案件中，有權提起訴訟的原告只能是與被告同時從事相反方向交易的投資者，證明責任的分配適用舉證責任倒置規則。
  10. Judicial notice is concened with the issue what facts the litigants need not produce evidence to prove, but the judges establish them directly

    司法認知解決的是哪些事實不需要當事人舉證證明，免除當事人的證明責任，而由法官直接確認。
  11. Moreover, it analyzes the doctrine of liability fixation, and summaries the constitutive requirements of liability for medical damages as the following : medical damage, medical fault, causality between medical fault and damage. the second chapter of the article mainly studies issues exist commonly in actions for medical damages. firstly, it makes clear the subject of the liability for damages and subject of the right to damages, and analyzes several problems concerning the medical expertise

    第二章主要研究醫療損害賠償訴訟中具有普遍性的幾個問題，明確了醫療損害賠償的責任主體和請求權主體，分析了醫療損害賠償訴訟中的鑒定問題，論述了醫療過失的認定標準，提出了醫療過失與損害後果的因果關系的復雜性，肯定了我國在醫療損害賠償訴訟中實行舉證責任倒置的合理性，闡述了醫療損害賠償紛紛案件可以適用《消費者權益保護法》和應當適用1年訴訟時效。
  12. The right of evidential investigation of lawyers in criminal proceedings means the lawyers can meet the suspects or the accused, read the files, and investigate evidence to discover and acquire all kinds of relative evidential materials to prove that the suspects or accused are innocent or only commit lighter crimes, or the criminal liabilities upon them shall be abated or exempted, thus, the legal interests of the suspects and accused are protected

    刑事訴訟中律師調查取證權是指律師接受刑事案件當事人的委託，採取會見、閱卷、調查等方法，發現和取得與案件有關的各種證據材料，證明犯罪嫌疑人、被告人無罪、罪輕、或者減輕、免除刑事責任，維護其合法權益。律師的調查取證權在性質上是舉證責任，控訴方的調查取證權性質上是證明責任。
  13. The former, also called action liability, means the proof liability of the person to deliver evidence for the fact he advocates. while the latter, called result liability, is the liability of unfavorable result that the person who advocates is assumed to undertake when the fact is unclear. they have the following relationships

    行為意義上的舉證責任是指當事人就其主張的事實負有提供證據的責任，簡稱行為責任；結果意義上的舉證責任是指在事實真偽不明時，主張該事實的當事人承擔不利訴訟後果的責任，簡稱結果責任。
  14. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  15. On burden of producing evidence and burden of proof

    論公安司法機關的舉證責任與證明責任
  16. The new set of forty recommendations stipulates that basic obligations such as customer due diligence, record keeping and suspicious transaction reporting ( str ) should be set out in law or regulations. the fatf also extended the remit of the forty recommendations to cover six categories of designated non - financial businesses and professions. they include real estate agents, dealers in precious metals and stones, trust and company service providers, lawyers, accountants and casinos

    最新修訂的《 ４ ０項建議》規定有關法律條文必須訂明一些基本及重要的責任，例如客戶查證、保存記錄及舉報可疑交易。特別組織同時將新的《 ４ ０項建議》擴大了適用范圍，以涵蓋六類指定非金融企業或行業，包括地產代理、貴重金屬及寶石銷售商、提供公司及信託服務的機構、律師、會計師及賭場。
  17. On the other hand, the basis of liability, the rule of allocation of liability, the exemption circumstances and the special characteristics of shipping operation together with other substantial aspects in maritime law are different from civil law, which leads to the existence of distinguishing principles in marine cargo claims

    另一方面，海商法作為民法的特別法，海事實體法中的責任基礎、歸責原則、免責事項、以及航運實務的特點決定了海運貨損索賠舉證責任又有著區別於一般民事舉證責任的特殊性。
  18. In the writer " s view, such provisions should be confined to a limited scope. during a civil and commercial arbi tration, according to the burden of proof which he undertakes, each party should try his best to produce evidence as well as take the disadvantageous arbitral award when the fact in issue still can not be confirmed even he has produced all the necessary evidence

    我國仲裁法中的舉證責任，在本質上應指在仲裁過程中，在待證事實處于真偽不明的狀態時，主張該事實的當事人所承擔的不利後果，也即結果意義上的舉證責任或是證明責任，它是在仲裁中設立舉證責任制度的終極目的。
  19. In administrative litigation, it is the defendant that undertakes the burden of proof for his concrete prosecuted administration behavior, embodying the distribution principles of civil action, which says, " someone advocates, someone puts to the proof "

    實現三大價值和程序法與實體法內在精神的契合。行政訴訟由被告對被訴具體行政行為承擔舉證責任，體現了民事訴訟「誰主張，準舉證」的分配規則。
  20. For example, in both the legal systems, the burden of producing evidence is the " ramification " of the burden of proof

    通過比較可以看出，無論大陸法系還是英美法系，舉證責任（提供證據責任）都是證明責任在訴訟中的「派生」 。
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