討債者 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [tǎozhàizhě]
討債者
英文
debt collector-
This paper is divided into five sections : part on : the summary of the convertible bonds. it discusses some commonsensible questions, introduces the definition, characters, fundamental components, their development in the western countries and china
全文分為五部分：第一部分：概述這一部分，筆者對可轉換公司債券的一般常識問題進行探討，系統介紹了可轉換公司債券的概念，性質及特徵，基本要素及其在中西方的發展。As to this, the author classified it to two categories, they are the cause of breaking promise and the cause of legal provision. the former specifically covers joint obligation, impartible obligation, concurrent obligation and joint responsibility guarantee etc ; the latter mainly refers to together tortious act and together jeopardizing act. here, the author also discusses in view of the practice to clarify the issue of the application of law
即連帶責任的違反約定的成因和違反法定的成因，而前者具體包括連帶債務，不可分債務，並存的債務承擔，連帶責任保證等，而後者則主要是指共同侵權行為和共同危險行為，當然對此筆者也進行了實踐上的探討，以明確法律的運用問題。This article contains three parts, namely, preface, body and conclusion. the preface mainly introduces the discussing subject and writing purposes of this article. body is divided into four parts : from the beginning of actio in rem and actio in personam in roman law, the first part detailedly inspects and analyses the formation process of the dual rights system in historical research methods ; the second part discusses the theoretical framework of the dual rights structure from the aspect of system ; the third part mainly analyses the middle rights and the integration of real rights and creditor ’ s rights and the reasons for the emergence of these phenomena, pointing out that the emergence of these phenomena is unevitable in civil law system which ajusts social relationship with systematic code, and how
正文分為四個部分:第一部分採用歷史研究的方法，從羅馬法上的對人之訴和對物之訴出發，對物債二分體系的形成過程進行了細致的考察和分析;第二部分從體系化的角度討論了物債二分體系的理論構成，對其理論架構進行了總體上的研究;第三部分著重分析了物權與債權的融合和中間狀態及其出現這些現象的原因，指出在運用體系化的方法調整社會關系的過程中，出現物權和債權中間狀態的權利形態是不可避免的現象，並對如何正確看待這些問題進行了論證;第四部分在前文論述的基礎上，對我國一些學者提出的制定財產法和設立財產法總則的觀點的可行性進行了分析，指出無論是從我國大陸法系的傳統還是從技術層面來看，制定財產法或設立財產法總則都是不可行的。Part one : this part introduces the summarization of the abs ( asset - backed securities ), which includes the conception, the basic theory, the features, the categories, the basic running process, and the circumstance of the research and development, etc. part two : the main contents of this part are the necessity and the analysis for the feasibility of the financing of securities depending on the charges of expressways, including the analysis for the feasibility of the financing of securities on the basis of the expressways " charges, the option between the two operation models, and the analysis for the feasibility of the operation of indigenization, etc. part three : this part mainly demonstrates how to design the plan of a company for the financing of securities and indigenization, which consists of the introduction of a company ' s background and the main problems to be confronted, the features of the basic assets and the analysis of the cash currency, the selection of spy, the design of trading structure, the product design of securities, etc. part four : this part discusses the financial evaluation about a company ' s design of the financing of securities and indigenization on the basis of the expressways " charges, the analysis of the risks and the analysis in general
本文的創新之處在於: （ 1 ）通過對我國《信託法》 、 《公司法》等相關法律、法規的深入研究，提出在國內現行制度框架和市場環境下，以信託方式設立特設目的機構的基本思路，並構架了類附擔保公司債信託型和信託簽發企業銷售型兩種較為滿意的本土化交易結構方案，具有一定的理論創新性; （ 2 ）將資產證券化這一金融創新工具應用到高速公路融資領域，論證了高速公路利用收費證券化融資的必要性和可行性，並提出了一個可供借鑒的操作性方案。本文可能的不足是在證券化產品設計方面由於筆者知識水平的欠缺，深感作得不是很深入，需進一步的完善和細化;另外對各種交易結構模式的設計和分析只是一種理論上的探討，到底是否有效和可行需接受實踐的進一步檢驗。論文分為四個部份:第一部份，資產證券化概述，包括資產證券化的概念、基本理論、特點、基本形式、基本運作流程、國內外研究和發展現狀等。To facilitate collection of outstanding debts from frequent defaulters, a frequent defaulter report is generated on a weekly basis. the report lists out the amounts due by patients who are currently under maintenance at a particular hospital
為方便追討經常欠款者的未償債項，每周編訂經常欠款者報告，列出某間醫院各住院病人的應繳金額。However, there are many conflicts between the system of right of subrogation established in contract law of china and the traditional theory of right of subrogation from other countries. on the other hand, the content of this legal system is too abstract in contract law of china. so there are many inconsistency upon understanding and applying
我國合同法債權人代位權制度與傳統代位權理論存在某些沖突，同時，由於合同法對該制度的概括規定，使得該制度在實際應用中有許多理解不一之處，如何正確理解和執行該制度，值得法律工作者進行深入探討。It point out that the essential of municipal bond is the problem on repaying debt and assuring to local governments, the key factor is to enhance credit through credit enhancement, the extrude specialty is its revenue of interest except from tax. after analyzing an obligation and revenue bonds, it studies the origination : its issue principal part, the usage of financing, investors and intermedium ; the steps on the control of risk : the restriction on rights to creditor and the volume of debts ; the special regulation department ; the wide exertion of market and the clear duty system and guarantee on repaying
在分析一般責任債券和收入債券后，探討了市政債券市場的運作，具體分析了市政債券的發行主體、資金用途、投資者和中介機構；在此基礎上，深入研究了美國市政債券市場的風險防範措施：法律對舉債權和舉債規模的嚴格限制、設置專門的監管機構、廣泛發揮社會的監督力量、建立清晰明確的責任體系和通過保險加強債券的清償保障。The fifth part is concerned with the assessment of damages for breach of contract the author discusses the factors that influence assessment of damages, comments the methods of assessment of damages, and explicates the time of assessment of damages
首先，討論了影響損害賠償范圍的計算的因素。其次，討論損害賠償范圍的計算方法，筆者主張應以主觀計算方法為原則，客觀計算方法為例外，並且合同債權人享有對計算方法的選擇權In the relationship between capital flows, foreign debts and currency crises, the author considers the investment opportunity in a small open economy as a common resource, and a model is built to explain that the overutilization of investment opportunity will result in excessive capital inflows and foreign debts accumulation which trigger currency crises eventually. the author also uses mathematical models to explain how the government guarantees contribute to the over - inflows of short term foreign debts ( stfd )
在討論資本流動和外債與貨幣危機的關系時，認為開放小國經濟中的投資機會是一種公共資源，用模型解釋了投資者對它的過度利用導致了過多的資本流入和外債積累，最終引發貨幣危機，並用數學模型解釋政府對投資項目的擔保如何導致大量短期外債的流入。All these problems make human resource value accounting have trouble in being brought into the traditional accounting system. from the view of many arguments about basic theories which exist in human resource value accounting, the paper aims at some of which have not been reached agreements to present own thoughts : to define the concept and feature of " human resource ", and financial implication feature and measurement of " human capital " ; to divide human assets into two parts : human assets in liabilities and human assets in owner ' s equity ; to study the reason why people should share additional profits and the proportion and so on
本文從探討理論界對人力資源價值會計的基本理論存在的種種爭論入手，針對尚沒有達成共識的問題提出自己的見解：界定了人力資源的概念和性質、人力資本的財務含義、性質及度量方法，將人力資產分為債務型人力資產和權益型人力資產兩部分，探討了人力資本所有者參與企業超額利潤分配的原因和分配比例等等一系列問題，以期建立起人力資源價值會計賴以建立的理論基石。But the department stressed that since pending bankruptcy court claims against the houston - based company exceed its assets, payouts to retirement plan participants will be in the " tens of millions of dollars, " rather than the full value of the 356. 25 million settlement
但是，勞工部強調，因為破產法庭對這家總部位於波士頓的公司資不抵債的追討尚未作出判決，所以，支付給退休計劃享有者的可能只是「數千萬美元」 ，而不是該退休計劃結算的全部金額3億5625萬美元。In order to improve this situation concerned, this thesis, through comparing the sppr in different countries and different theories in the specific problems relating to the sppr, completely analyzes and studies the sppr. in the first part of this thesis, the definition and the legal characteristic are firstly clarified by means of comparative study that focuses on the different theory. secondly, through comparing the sppr and the lien of the property rights, author summarizes the sppr ' s legal attributes
在權利質權概述部分，筆者通過比較分析的方法，結合各種理論學說的不同觀點，確定了權利質權的基本概念以及法律性質；其次，通過權利質權與動產質權以及權利抵押權的比較，總結出了權利質權的法律特徵；在接下來的部分，筆者在結合我國司法實踐的基礎上，對以普通債權、財產保險單、信託受益權、有限責任公司出資額以及商標權等新型財產權利得否入質的情況加以討論，並總結出了權利質權制度的基本價值之所在。With a brief summary of three legislative modes on the jurisdiction of bankruptcy cases in various countries, a comparative study of the prescriptions of case jurisdiction in laws of bankruptcy between these three areas. then imperfections of the mainland on that point are analyzed and measures of perfection are provided. finally, there is a further exploration of " obligor ' s place of abode ", an ambiguous concept in theory
筆者首先概述了各國關于破產案件管轄的三種不同立法形式和三地區破產法對該問題的不同規定，分析了三者的不同;然後，分析了內地關于破產案件管轄之規定的不足並提出了完善措施;最後，對與破產案件管轄有密切關系的「債務人的住所地」這一學理上存有岐義的范疇進行了深入的探討。In order to maintain a sustainable sound development of the corporation bond market, we should draw upon the experience that it has been too costly for us to regulate the stock market after its development, and standardize the corporation bond market regulation prior to developing it. the paper reviews and analyzes the development of the securities market and some theories about governmental regulation, then deliberates upon the defects of the regulation of corporation bond market in china from its concepts and thinking mode. at last, the paper advocates that we should reform the regulation largely depending on the market itself and effective laws, and also impose more power on protecting the interest of investors
文章首先回顧了國內外證券市場的發展，分析了政府監管的相關理論，再從監管理念和監管方式兩方面具體分析了我國企業債券市場監管的缺陷，在分析監管理念上的缺陷時主要探討了債券市場功能認識上的偏差和維護投資者利益上的不妥當兩個方面的問題，在分析監管方式上的缺陷時則主要從政府監管主體和非政府監管主體（社會中介機構和自律組織）兩個方面來詳細闡述監管上的缺陷，最後提出在改革監管制度過程中，要重塑監管理念，把對企業債券市場的監管從原來的重融資向保護投資者利益轉變，促進政府監管走向市場化、法治化。Require credit providers to take practicable steps to give prior notification to customers of their intention to make a " review " access to their credit reports unless the " review " is a customer initiated request, or the " review " access relates to an obligation of an existing loan restructuring arrangement concerning debts owed by the customer
D ）規定信貸提供者採取切實可行的步驟，事前通知客戶，他們欲以檢討理由查閱其信貸報告，除非檢討要求是由客戶主動提出，或檢討查閱與借款人現有債務重組安排的責任有關。分享友人